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Analysis of the Shoulder and Elbow Section of the Korean Orthopedic In-training Examination
Joon Yub Kim,Myung Gon Jung,Ki Bum Kwon,Seok Won Chung 대한견주관절의학회 2016 대한견주관절학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the questions in the shoulder and elbow section of the Korean Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (KOITE) and compare them with those of the US Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (US OITE). Methods: Twenty-nine questions in the shoulder and elbow section of the KOITE from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed and compared with those of the US OITE (80 questions) by literature review. A thorough analysis of the contents was performed after categorizing as topics, diagnostic tools, treatment modalities, taxonomic classification, and references. Results: The shoulder and elbow section of the KOITE was 5.8% weight which was similar to the US OITE (5.9%). The most commonly appearing topic was anterior labral injury (17.2%) on the KOITE compared to instability and arthritis (21.3%, each) on the US OITE. Magnetic resonance imaging was most frequently appeared imaging modality on the KOITE (41.0%) compared to the radiograph on the US OITE (43.0%). The Latarjet procedure was the most commonly asked treatment modality (22.2%) on the KOITE, whereas arthroplasty (33.3%) on the US OITE. The KOITE showed an even taxonomic classification distribution compared to the US OITE. Campbell’s operative orthopaedics covered 96.6% questions as a reference on the KOITE compared to the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, American Volume on the US OITE, which covered 45.0%. Conclusions: This specific analysis shows us current trends of the shoulder and elbow section of the KOITE and it might be developed for use in the educational curricula for the trainee.
Shoulder stiffness in patients with rotator cuff tears
Joon Yub Kim,Jong Soo Lee,Jin-Young Park,Ki Bum Kwon,Seok Won Chung 대한정형외과 스포츠의학회 2016 Arthroscopy and Orthopedic Sports Medicine Vol.3 No.1
Shoulder stiffness is a common cause of shoulder pain and is one of the most frequent reasons for a patient to visit a phyisian. A well-rounded assessment of etiological factors, comorbid diseases, and predisposing factors is required when making a clinical assessment of shoulder stiffness. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a disease commonly associated with shoulder stiffness, especially in patients over the age of 60. And it has been shown that common risk factors associated with shoulder stiffness in patients who have rotator cuff tendinopathies are calcific tendinitis and diabetes. Studies have found that when repairing rotator cuff lesions in patients with diabetes, manipulation with capsular release rather than manipulation alone results in a better clinical outcome in terms of shoulder stiffness. Rigorously assessing the risk factors and applying the appropriate rehabilitation protocol after rotator cuff repairs are other ways to reduce shoulder stiffness in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathies combined with shoulder stiffness.
김준엽(Joon Yub Kim),김주학(Joo Hak Kim),유정현(Jeong Hyun Yoo),유병찬(Byung Chan Yoo),권기범(Ki Bum Kwon),최정수(Jung Su Choe) 대한정형외과학회 2017 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.52 No.3
목적: 수근부 결절종의 개방절제술 후 잔존통증과 술 전 수근관절의 불안정성 및 전신이완의 연관성을 확인하기 위해 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본 후향적 연구는 수근부 결절종으로 개방절제술을 시행한 64명을 대상으로 수술 후 잔존통증 및 기능과 술 전 수근부 불안정성 및 전신이완의 연관성을 확인하였다. 수근부 불안정성은 수부의 단순 방사선 검사(후방 개재 분절 불안정성[dorsal intercalated segment instability], 전방 개재 분절 불안정성[volar intercalated segment instability])와 신체검사(Watson scaphoid shift test)를 통하여 확인하였으며, 전신이완은 Beighton 과운동성 지표를 통해 평가하였다. 단순 방사선 검사 및 신체검사에서 동시에 양성 소견인 경우에 한해 수근부 불안정증이 있는 것으로 정의하였다. 결과: 수술 전에 비해 수술 후 시각 통증 점수와 quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (quick-DASH)는 유의하게 호전되었다. 수술 후 잔존통증은 수근부 불안정증이 있는 경우(n=6)가 2.50±1.76점, 없는 경우(n=58)가 1.18±1.24점으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p=0.022). 술 후 quick-DASH의 경우 술 전 수근부 불안정증에 따른 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 전신이완증(n=18)은 잔존통증 및 quick-DASH와 연관성이 없었다. 결론: 수근부 결절종의 개방적 절제술에서 수술 후 잔존통증 점수는 수술 전 수근부 불안정증이 있었던 군에서 없었던 군보다 높았으며, 전신이완증과는 연관관계가 없었다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between the residual pain and preoperative carpal instability, as well as the generalized laxity after open excision of wrist ganglion. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four patients, who received open excision of wrist ganglion, were retrospectively enrolled. The relationships between residual pain (visual analogue scale, VAS) and postoperative function (quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand, quick-DASH), between residual pain and preoperative carpal instability, as well as generalized laxity were evaluated. The carpal instability was assessed from radiologic carpal instability (dorsal intercalated segment instability and volar intercalated segment instability) and Watson scaphoid shift test. The generalized laxity was assessed by the Beighton hypermobility score. Results: Pain VAS and quick-DASH were significantly improved postoperatively. There was a significant difference in postoperative residual pain between those with (n=6) and without carpal instability (n=58) (+: 2.50±1.76 vs. -: 1.18±1.24; p=0.022), but there was no correlation between carpal instability and postoperative quick-DASH. Both postoperative residual pain and quick-DASH had no correlation with generalized laxity (n=18). Conclusion: Patients with preoperative carpal instability had greater residual pain after excision of wrist ganglion than those without.
이준호 ( Joon Ho Lee ),진상윤 ( Sang Yun Jin ),최윤석 ( Yun Seok Choi ),권혁부 ( Hyok Bu Kwon ),이승호 ( Seung Ho Lee ),이중엽 ( Joong Yub Lee ),박병주 ( Byung Joo Park ),이애영 ( Ai Young Lee ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2011 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.31 No.2
Background: Spa has been applied for the alleviation of atopic dermatitis (AD), but there have been few studies on the efficacy and safety of hot spring sea water therapy. Objective: This study aimed to clarify the conditions which have adequate efficacy and safety of hot spring sea water therapy for the treatment of AD. Method: Twenty-eight patients with AD who had mild to moderate symptoms were enrolled and divided into 14 groups according to bathing frequencies, temperatures, durations, and kinds of water. Bathing frequency was 2, 3 or 7 times a week. Temperature was 37˚C or 40˚C, and duration was 15 or 30 minutes. Twelve groups took a bath in hot spring sea water obtained from an island in Korea, 1 group took a bath in salt water and 1 took a bath in tap water. We assessed o-SCORAD index at baseline and every week for 4 weeks. In addition, colony counts of S. aureus were evaluated at baseline and at the last visit. Result: The 3 times-a-week/37˚C/15 minute and twice-a-week/37˚C/30 minute groups showed the largest and continuous decline in o-SCORAD index. The index was also slightly decreased in the salt and tap water groups. The colony counts of S. aureus did not show significant changes after bathing. Conclusion: This pilot study shows the possibility that hot spring sea water therapy might be an efficacious and safe treatment option for treating AD. However, the precise mechanism should be elucidated through further studies. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;31:124-130)
Dexamethasone reduces infectious bursal disease mortality in chickens
Seung Yub Shin,Tae Hee Han,Hyuk Joon Kwon,Sun Joong Kim,Pan Dong Ryu 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.3
Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) causes high mortality in chickens but measures to reduce the mortality have not been explored. Chickens (8–9 weeks) were treated with 3 agents before and during vvIBDV inoculation. Dexamethasone treatment reduced the mortality of infected chickens (40.7% vs. 3.7%; p < 0.001), but treatment with aspirin or vitamin E plus selenium did not affect the mortality. The bursa of Fabricius appeared to have shrunk in both dead and surviving chickens (p < 0.01). The results indicate that dexamethasone can reduce mortality in vvIBDV-infected chickens and may provide therapeutic clues for saving individual birds infected by the virus.
Yin, Jinlong,Oh, Young Taek,Kim, Jeong-Yub,Kim, Sung Soo,Choi, Eunji,Kim, Tae Hoon,Hong, Jun Hee,Chang, Nakho,Cho, Hee Jin,Sa, Jason K.,Kim, Jeong Cheol,Kwon, Hyung Joon,Park, Saewhan,Lin, Weiwei,Naka American Association for Cancer Research 2017 Cancer research Vol.77 No.18
<P>Inhibition of a cellular enzyme that blocks the conversion from nonmesenchymal to mesenchymal forms of glioblastoma may prevent recurrence and resistance to radiation therapy, the latter of which continues to pose a major clinical challenge.</P><P>Necrosis is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) and is responsible for poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying necrotic microenvironment-induced malignancy of GBM have not been elucidated. Here, we report that transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is upregulated in the perinecrotic region of GBM and triggered mesenchymal (MES) transdifferentiation of glioma stem cells (GSC) by regulating master transcription factors (TF), such as C/EBPβ, TAZ, and STAT3. TGM2 expression was induced by macrophages/microglia-derived cytokines via NF-κB activation and further degraded DNA damage–inducible transcript 3 (GADD153) to induce C/EBPβ expression, resulting in expression of the MES transcriptome. Downregulation of TGM2 decreased sphere-forming ability, tumor size, and radioresistance and survival in a xenograft mouse model through a loss of the MES signature. A TGM2-specific inhibitor GK921 blocked MES transdifferentiation and showed significant therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of GSC. Moreover, TGM2 expression was significantly increased in recurrent MES patients and inversely correlated with patient prognosis. Collectively, our results indicate that TGM2 is a key molecular switch of necrosis-induced MES transdifferentiation and an important therapeutic target for MES GBM. <I>Cancer Res; 77(18); 4973–84. ©2017 AACR</I>.</P>