카드뮴의 중추신경계 독성유발 기전

이종화,장봉기,박종안,박종영,김완종,우기민 한국환경독성학회 2004 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.19 No.3

Although numerous studies have shown that cadmium disturbs the normal biological processes in central nervous system the mechanism of toxicity is not well understood The present study has investigated the effect of cadmium on oxidative stress, Na+/K- ATPase activity and the aggregation of amyloid beta peptide(β-amylotd) in neuronal cell Ime, HT22 cell LC_(5) and LC_(50) of cadmium for HT22 cell resulted from MTT assay was 4 1 μM and 9 5 μM, respectively Cadmium(2 to 8 μM) dose-dependently increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased the content of glutathione Cadmium 4 μM showed a significant decrease in Na^(-)/K^(+) ATPase activity as compared with control group The aggregation of P-amyloid was accelerated in a dose-dependent manner by the treatment with 2 to 8 μM cadmium These results suggest that the neurotoxicity of cadmium can be mediated by the increase in oxidative stress and decrease in Na^(-)/K^(+) ATPase activity.

상수 원수에 따른 용존 유기물의 특성 평가

허준무,박종안,손부순,장봉기,이종화 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.3

This study was carried out to evaluate the characteristics of dissolved organics based on their origins, which were divided into two categories. The first group consisted of river, lake and secondary sewage treatment effluent, which were chosen as representative of their origins. The second group were artificial samples which were made of AHA(Aldrich humic acids) and WHA(Wako humic acids). Physicochemical characteristics, biological degradability and THMFP(trihalomethane formation potential) of the samples were analysed based on the AMWD(apparent molecular weight distribution). Large portion of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in the river and lake samples was comprised of LMW(low molecular weight), while that of AHA and WHA was HMW(high molecular weight). The DOC of the lake was evenly distributed in the all range of molecular weight. The river, lake and secondary treated effluent have lower ultraviolet(UV) absorbance at 254nm, and have a higher amount of humic acids. Higher absorbance of humic acids means that aliphatic bond and benzenoid type components that absorb UV light were contained in these kind of humic acids. It was expected that lake sample was the most biodegradable in the different samples investigated, and in order of secondary sewage treatment effluent, river, WHA and AHA based on the result of determination of specific ultraviolet absorbance(SUVA). Biodegradability showed similar result except for ABA, while dissolved organics in the range of LMW decreased during the biodegradability test, and on the contrary those of HMW increased. Production of the SMPs(soluble microbial products) was observed during humicification of dissolved organics and the SMPs were in the range of 0.7∼5.5% of DOC which was the lowest value. Sample had a higher portion of HMW showed a higher production of the SMPs. THM formation was high in the samples containing HMW and similar tendency was shown in the THMFP(trihalomethane formation potential), except for WHA.

카드뮴이 마우스 뇌에서 아연의 항상성에 관여하는 유전자발현에 미치는 영향

박종안,여은영,남상훈,장봉기,이종화,김완종 한국환경독성학회 2004 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Metallothionein (MT), a small protein molecule which can bind of release metal tons, is involved in the regulation of cellular metal homeostasis This study was investigated the accumulation of cadmium in blood, tissue (liver, kidney and brain), and the effect of cadmium on several key genes (MT-Ⅰ, MT-Ⅱ, ZnT-1) in zinc metabolism m the mouse Mouses weighing 20-25g were randomly assigned to control and cadmium treated group (Cd group) Cd group was intraperitoneally injected with cadmium 2, 4, 8 mg/kg and control group was administerd with saline Mouses of each group were sacrificed by decapitation 4 hours after the administration of cadmium Cadmium contents in blood, fiver, kidney and brain were increased by a dose-dependent manner Accumulation of cadmium was mainly occurred in liver and kidney Induction of MT-I and MT-11 protein was increased, but ZnT-1 expression was decreased to a dose-dependent manner by the treatment of 2~8mg/kg cadmium These results suggested that cadmium can be transported to brain and alter the expression of several key genes in zinc homeostasis.

여자국가대표 배구선수들의 각근력과 점프력 향상을 위한 트레이닝의 효과

박종성,류화석,유영규 명지대학교 예체능연구소 2002 藝體能論集 Vol.13 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects in Leg muscular strength. Training for Jumping ability increase Woman's national athletes. Research subjects were some of 12 Woman's national athletes who play volleyball. They were divided into three group ; two types of experimental groups and a control group. The changes of the leg muscle' strength and vertical jump were compared and analyzed. Results found from such a comparative analysis study were as follows ; 1) The change of leg muscle's strength according to training periods. ① The plyometric training with weight training group. It appeared that in the effect of the leg muscle's strength in the showed from 1150.88㎏ to 175.50㎏ as 24.62㎏ improvement. And the effect of the leg muscle's strength according to training period showed a statistically significant difference (p<5). ② The weight training group. It appeared that in the effect of the leg muscle's strength in the showed from 138.25㎏ to 158.50㎏ as 20.25㎏ improvement. And the effect of the leg muscle's strength according to training period showed a statistically significant difference (p<5). 2) The change of vertical jump according to training periods. ① The plyometric training with weight training group. It appeared that in the effect of the leg muscle's strength in the showed from 57.00㎝ to 61.00㎝ as 4.00㎝ improvement. And the effect of the leg muscle's strength according to training period showed a statistically significant difference (p<1). ② The weight training group. It appeared that in the effect of the leg muscle's strength in the showed from 57.25㎝ to 58.00㎝ as 0.75㎝ improvement. And the effect of the leg muscle's strength according to training period showed a statistically significant difference (p<1). 3) The change of three group according to training periods. ① The leg muscle's strength in changes of among the group according to a training period. It appeared that in the effect of the leg muscle's strength, the plyometric training with weight training group showed more improvement than the weight training group, no training group, but it isn't statistically significant difference. And the effect of the leg muscle's strength according to training period showed a statistically significant difference (p<5). ② The vertical jump in changes of among the group according to a training period. It appeared that in the analysis of the vertical jump in the experimental groups and training period, the plyometric training with weight training group showed more improvement than the weight training group, no training group, and it showed a statistically significant difference (p<1).

진단적 복강 세척법

박상문,박준석,류명곤,김갑득,송화식,김종완 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Diagnostic peritoneal lavage is a accurate and safe method confirming the intraabdominal injury with head trauma, unstable multiple injuried patients. But the development of imaging technique and the trend in noninvasive diagnostic value is decreasing now. In the emergency room, the emergency physicians are required the rapidity and accuracy in intial assessment and the decisions for the operation or not. So emergency physicians have been investigating the diagnostic method for intraabdomial injury that is more rapid, safe and accurate. Many diagnostic tools are developed and now accepted and used widely, among them the diagnostic peritoneal lavage is still the best method for unsatble or head injuried patients. But the positive diagnostic criterias are variable by many authors and still remain imperfectly. So our study was reviewed by medical record of patients who were undertaken the diagnostic peritoneal lavage for the diagnosis intraabdominal injury and statistical analysis was done compared with many criteria of red blood cell and white blood cell for the more accurate way. A retrospective study of diagnostic peritoneal lavage was done of 90 patients with blunt abdominal trauma during 2 years from January, 1996 to December, 1997 and summerized our experience. The results were as follows; 1) There are 73 males and 17 females in sex. The most common type of injury was the traffic accident. 2) With many variable criteria of RBC and WBC, the accuracy and the false positive and false negative were not different in statistical results. The average accurracy was 80.1%. 3) The operations were done in 30(33.3%) cases, and the most frequent injuried organ was the small bowel, 20 cases(66.7%).

우리나라 화학물질 분류 및 표시체계 분석

박종안,장봉기,이종화,김은화,김춘득,여은영,남상훈 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2004 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

Classification and Labelling system of Chemicals is a very important element for management of chemical safety. Classification and labelling system of Chemicals is very different among countries. This becomes a barrier for transportation of chemicals across counties. Recently, several international organizations (OECD,UNEP,ILO etc.) endeavor to harmonize classification and labelling of chemicals. In this study, we analyze classification and labelling system of chemical described in several regulations of our country, and examine acivities of IOMC(Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals)for harmonization of classification and labelling of chemicals. The Toxic Chemical Control Law, the Fire Services Law and the Industrial Safety and Health Law are the major regulation of management of chemical safety. Classification and labelling systems of chemical vary among several regulations. Particularly, labelling system of chemicals in transport vehicles are not appropriate in response to chemical accident. We suggest that task force team consisted with inter-administrative branches is needed to harmonize classification and labelling of chemicals, and recommend the introduction of UN number in labelling systems of chemicals in transport vehicles.

아산시 폐기물 처리현황

박종안,한성현,손부순,이종화,장봉기 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

This study was performed to investigates problem understanding correctly about all sorts present condition connected with current Asan city municipal solid wastes, and it wished to present way that can cope actively about predicted waste problem because establishing reasonable plan of wastes administration. The summarize result that examine from June, 1999 to May, 2000, is as following. 1.Until end of 1998 Asan city's number of total population being 180,224 people, is being low, but recently look sudden increase trend than our country average population increase rate 1.1% of 1994 years by yearly mean population increase rate 0.954% of past 21 years. Population size per generation was 5.4 people in 1978 but dropped to 3.0 people in 1998 because becoming low gradually. 2.Is high by 1998 years house self-support rate(93.95%) of Asan city, house form singleness house about 50% occupy, and the next time was 40.1% into apartment. 3.The average purity life wastes amount per 1 day including recycling is 164 tonnage in 1999, and more daytime expressed the occurrence amount than 0.963kg that life wastes amount of materials that 1 person comes forward in succession 1 day is national average of 1998 by 0.902kg in 1999. 4.The amount of Asan city's life wastes were higher than 59.3% that combustibility is national average by 64.8% in 1999, and was lower ratio than national average 28.7% by 26.5%. 5.The compositional weight fraction of food garbage, 42.3%, papers, 20%, in Asan city's wastes. 6.Occurrence amount of incombustibility ingredient appeared by thing which home which use briquet in heating yet because used briquet among them is higher than national average 17.2% by 27.2% being 14.7 ton/day is higher than national average. 7.Occurrence amount of recycling ingredient of Asan city life waste expressed the highest ratio by scrap iron kind 54.4% among two being 45.8 ton, and next many things occupied about 22% by paper kind. 8.The amount of landfill wastes except recycling in Asan city is 76.4 ton/day. 9.The purity landfill wastes amount that use volume-rate garbage disposal system envelope sale present condition (data 1997) is come to 66.6% of 76.4 ton that is normal that is carried to landfill 1 day and remainder 25.5 ton (33.4%) can presume that it occupies that unuse large size waste and partial volume-rate garbage disposal system envelope because whole Asan city gets into 50.9 ton/day by 0.280kg/day/person.

호소 저질층의 총질소 및 총인 함량분석에 있어 Microwave와 Autoclave 분해법 비교

박종안,장봉기,민준호,이종화 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

In order to search an efficient analytical method for analyzing the contents of nutrient salts [total nitrogen(T-N) and total phosphorus(T-P)] in sediments of reservoir, we compared microwave digestion method with autoclave method in sample preparation. The content of T-N obtained by microwave digestion method was lower(approximately 30%) than that obtained by autoclave method. But the content of T-P obtained by microwave digestion method was twice as much as that obtained by autoclave method. The desorption efficiency of T-N and T-P in both methods were good. The reproducibility of measurement results in microwave digestion method was better than that in autoclave method. A considerable amount of both nutrient salts was adsorpted on the sediment of Song-ak reservoir. Depending on the depth of sediment, differences in the contents of T-N were significant. The content of T-N in surface layer was highest. From these results, we recommend the microwave digestion method in sample preparation for analysis of T-N and T-P, because that method shows a higher reproducibility and provides a condition in which both nutrient salts can be simultaneously analyzed. We also suggest that in order to control water quality of reservoir a proper control measurement for nutrient salts adsorpted on sediments was needed.

주파수 선택적 페이딩 채널상에서 시공간 블록 코드 설계

朴鍾和,安弘榮 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 2003 産業技術 Vol.13 No.-

Space-time coding is based on introducing joint correlation in transmitted signals in both the space and time domains. Through this approach, simultaneous diversity and coding gains can be obtained as well as high spectral efficiency. Space-time block codes(STBC) can be designed by requiring pairwise orthogonality between the sequences generated by transmit antennas. STBC can achieve the full transmit diversity specified by the number of transmit antennas, while allowing a very simple maximum likelihood decoding algorithm, based only on linear processing of the received signal. We verified the superior performance of STBC compared to traditional coding scheme through computer simulation. Specifically, 2×2 STBC has better performance up to SNR=16dB compared to 16-QAM.

관광호텔의 서비스풍토와 직무성과에 관한 연구 : 리더십 유형을 중심으로

박인규 ; 이종화 김천대학교 2004 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.25 No.-

The purpose of this study is to find out hotel service climate and job performance of the hotel employee. Expecially this study showed differ-ent job performance according to manager's leader type. Recenting hotel firms are competing against each other in the market. Competitive advantage cannot be achieved unless businesses correspond with caring service climate, leadership and employee s job performance. In order to hotel best service. The service climate and leadership type for the best service hotel are pretty much important in the study. The hotel managers have to take care service climate and leadership type to achieve employee s good job performance.