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( Jaehwa Choi ),( Bonil Park ),( Bumjoon Kim ),( Keun Bae Jeong ),( Seok Jeong Lee ),( Sang-ha Kim ),( Won-yeon Lee ),( Suk Joong Yong ),( Myoung Kyu Lee ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.1
Introduction: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are important causes of hospital admission and mortality. We investigated the clinical features of hospitalized patients with severe AECOPD and evaluated prognostic factors associated the readmission or mortality due to re-exacerbation of COPD within 6 months. Methods: The prospective study was enrolled 314 patients who hospitalized with severe AECOPD. And we collected demographic, clinical and laboratory findings at admission. Lung function was evaluated using the COPD assessment test (CAT) questionnaire, the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, and spirometry in the stable state. Results: The mean age was 72.2±9.4 years (76.4% of male), and the rate of readmission within 6 months was 45.2% and mortality rate was 16.6%. When multivariate analysis was performed by using the significant variables, age (p<0.001), CAT score (p<0.001), initial PaO2 (p=0.026), hemoglobin (p=0.009), albumin (p=0.005) and CRP at discharge (p<0.001) were significantly associated with mortality. And also CAT score (p<0.001) and CRP at discharge (p=0.004) were significantly associated with readmission. In receiver operating characteristic curves, CRP at discharge than CAT score showed a good accuracy to predict the mortality. But CAT score showed good accuracy to predict readmission due to severe AECOPD. Conclusions: CRP at discharge as well as CAT score was significantly associated with both mortality and readmission due to AECOPD.
연료전지 하이브리드 자동차의 부하추종 방식 운전전략에 관한 연구
정재화(Jaehwa Jeong),이동율(Dong-ryul Lee),배중면(Joongmyeon Bae) 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Fuel cell hybrid vehicle with auxiliary energy storage devices has several advantages such as fuel cell stack down sizing, down cost, use regenerative braking, and flexible operating strategy. Fuel cell hybrid vehicle is divided into non plug-in type and plug-in type. Driving range of plug-in type fuel cell hybrid vehicle is limited by hydrogen consumption and battery state of charge(SOC). Therefore, plug-in type hybrid fuel cell vehicle needs the operating strategies to effective use of hydrogen and battery SOC. In this research, load follow type operating strategies of fuel cell and lead-acid battery plug-in type hybrid vehicle were proposed in terms of power distributed ratio of fuel cell and battery, change control current, battery SOC, battery discharge limit, and stable operation of fuel cell. A vehicle loaded fuel cell and lead-acid battery hybrid system was operated in field and simulated by MATLAB/Simulink™. Established load follow type operating strategies are as follows : ⅰ) fuel cell is operated by load following mode ⅱ) On/Off time of Battery discharge for power distributed ratio change of fuel cell and battery is changed by control current ⅲ) Fuel cell and battery share load after battery discharge start ⅳ) Driving range is changed by hydrogen consumption and battery SOC according to power distributed ratio change. Selection of control current is maximum value as much as possible at ideal state if fuel cell stack operation is stable.
친 사회적 거짓말에 대한 아동의 도덕적 평가와 정서 추론과의 관계
이재화(Jaehwa Lee),정윤경(Yoonkyung Jeong) 인지발달중재학회 2019 인지발달중재학회지 Vol.10 No.4
본 연구는 6, 7세 아동의 도덕적 평가와 정서 추론을 중심으로 친사회적 거짓말에 대한 이해의 발달을 살펴보고자 한 것이다. 이를 위하여 서울, 경기 지역의 6세, 7세 총 65명의 아동을 대상으로 거짓말 상황이 포함된 담화를 들려주고, 주인공의 행동을 도덕적으로 평가해보게 하거나 기분을 추론해보도록 한 후, 그 관계를 조사하였다. 그 결과, 아동들은 연령과 상관없이 규범 위반적 거짓말 상황에서는 도덕적 평가에 어려움을 보이지 않았으나 친 사회적 거짓말 상황에서는 주인공이 거짓말을 하였을 때 부정적으로 평가하는 비율이 높아져 6, 7세 아동 모두 친 사회적 거짓말에 대한 도덕적 평가 능력이 발달적으로 미숙함을 보였다. 또한 친 사회적인 거짓말 상황에서 도덕적 평가보다 정서 추론을 더 잘 한 것으로 나타나, 도덕적 평가 능력보다 기분을 추론하는 능력이 먼저 발달함을 보여주었다. 한편 정서 추론에서 높은 점수를 얻은 아동과 그렇지 않았던 아동들의 도덕적 평가 점수를 비교하였을 때, 높은 정서 추론 점수를 얻은 아동이 도덕적 평가에서도 높은 점수를 얻어 정서 추론과 도덕적 평가 간 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 선행 연구들에서 일관되지 않았던 아동의 친 사회적 거짓말 이해의 발달적 차이를 다시 한 번 검토해보는 동시에, 도덕적인 평가 능력의 발달이 타인의 정서를 추론하는 능력의 발달과 관련성이 있음을 보여준다. The purpose of this study is to explore developmental differences of understanding prosocial lies focused on moral judgement and emotional understanding among 6 and 7-year-old children. The study was conducted on 65 pre-school children (aged between 6 to 7), who attended kindergarten in Seoul and Gyeonggido. The participants were shown an illustrated story having six situations; the preschoolers had to comment on the story. They were asked to make moral judgements and emotional reasoning in antisocial and prosocial situations. The study also determined the relationship between the results of two factors. First, the results revealed that the children could determine the “wrongs” in an antisocial lie situation; however, they also made similar judgements in a prosocial lie situation. This demonstrates that aged between 6 to 7 children, are too immature to make moral judgements in a prosocial lie situation. Second, six and seven year old children, had a better emotional reasoning than moral evaluation in prosocial lie situations. This means that the development of empathetic skills precede the development of moral values. Moreover, as children grow, their reasoning ability improves; a case in point would be, a seven-year-old girl who predicted emotions in a prosocial lie situation much better than younger children did. Finally, the children who scored the highest in emotional reasoning also displayed good moral judgement. This implies that as the prediction ability of emotional reaction develops, the child acquires ability to discern right from wrong in a prosocial lie situation.
S-372 Characteristics of the patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia
( Bonil Park ),( Jaehwa Choi ),( Bumjoon Kim ),( Keun Bae Jeong ),( Seok Jeong Lee ),( Sang-ha Kim ),( Won-yeon Lee ),( Suk Joong Yong ),( Myoung Kyu Lee ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.1
Introduction: To evaluate clinical and microbiological features in patients with healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: Demographic, clinical and microbiological data were retrospectively reviewed from patients with HCAP admitted to a respiratory ICU. Patients were categorized into four HCAP groups: (A) residence in a long-term nursing-home setting or healthcare home; (B) discharge from hospital in the preceding 90 days; (C) elderly or physically disabled patients who stay at home but require healthcare; (D) continuously receiving outpatient endovascular therapy including chronic dialysis, anticancer drugs, and immunosuppressants. Pneumonia severity index (PSI), CURB-65, duration of ICU stay and 30-day mortality were evaluated. Results: Out of 428 patients reviewed (male, 67.1%; mean age, 71.2±11.9 years), 30-day mortality was 25.5%, and duration of ICU stay was 13.8±13.3days. Mortality rate was not significantly different between the four HCAP groups; duration of ICU stay was significantly longer in groups C and D. PSI score, serum HCO3- level, duration of ICU stay, extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii were significantly associated with 30-day mortality. Conclusions: ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, MDR A. baumannii and PSI score should be considered in ICU patients with HCAP.