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ZO-1 and -2 Are Required for TRPV1-Modulated Paracellular Permeability
Li, J.,Cong, X.,Zhang, Y.,Xiang, R.L.,Mei, M.,Yang, N.Y.,Su, Y.C.,Choi, S.,Park, K.,Zhang, L.W.,Wu, L.L.,Yu, G.Y. SAGE Publications 2015 Journal of dental research Vol.94 No.12
<P>The tight junction based paracellular pathway plays an important role in saliva secretion. Zonula occludens (ZO) proteins are submembranous proteins of tight junction complex; however, their function in salivary epithelium is poorly understood. Here, we found that activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV I) by capsaicin increased rat saliva secretion both in vivo and ex vivo. Meanwhile, TRPV I activation enlarged the width of tight junctions between neighboring acinar cells, increased the paracellular flux of 4-kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran in submandibular gland (SMG) tissues, and decreased transepithelial electric resistance (TER) in SMG-C6 cells. ZO-1, -2, and -3 were distributed principally to the apical lateral region of acinar cells in SMG tissues and continuously encircled the peripheries of SMG-C6 cells in the untreated condition. TRPV I activation obviously diminished ZO-1 and -2 staining, but not ZO-3 or f3-catenin, at the cell-cell contacts ex vivo and in vitro. Moreover, in untreated SMG-C6 cells, ZO-1 and -2 single or double knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) increased the paracellular flux of 4-kDa FITC-dextran. In capsaicintreated cells, ZO-1 and -2 single or double knockdown abolished, whereas their re-expression restored, the capsaicin-induced increase in paracellular permeability. Furthermore, TRPV I activation increased RhoA activity, and inhibition of either RhoA or Rho kinase (ROCK) abolished the capsaicin-induced TER decrease as well as ZO-1 and -2 redistribution. These results indicate that ZO-1 and -2 play crucial roles in both basal salivary epithelial barrier function and TRPV I -modulated paracellular transport. RhoA-ROCK signaling pathway is responsible for TRPVI -modulated paracellular permeability as well as ZO-1 and -2 redistribution.</P>
박재훈,D. Xiang,고인수,J. H. Hong,황정연,S. H. Kim,박성주,X. J. Wang,Y. J. Park,Y. W. Parc 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.I
A Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) GUN-IV type photocathode rf gun has been fabricated to use in femto-second electron diffraction (FED), the femto-second far infra-red radiation (fs-FIR) facility, and the X-ray free electron laser (X-FEL) at the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL). The gun consists of a 1.6-cell cavity with a copper cathode, a solenoid magnet, beam diagnostic component and auxiliary systems. The dimensions of the cavity that provided the desired resonant frequency were determined by using the SUPERFISH code. The change in the resonant frequency due to the laser port and the wave-guide port on the cavity wall was estimated with Slater's perturbation theorem. The size of the ports was finalized by using a series of cutting and measuring processes. A method to measure the resonant frequency of the cavity during the operation was developed. Finally, the microwave and the basic beam parameters were measured carefully to confirm the successful fabrication of the photocathode RF gun system.
Chu, X.Z.,Cheng, Z.P.,Xiang, X.X.,Xu, J.M.,Zhao, Y.J.,Zhang, W.G.,Lv, J.S.,Zhou, Y.P.,Zhou, L.,Moon, D.K.,Lee, C.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.39 No.9
The separation of a hydrogen isotope mixture on porous materials was studied using equilibrium and breakthrough experiments. The adsorption equilibria of H<SUB>2</SUB> and D<SUB>2</SUB> on SBA-15 with mesopores and molecular sieves 5A, Y, and 10X with micropores were measured at 77 K using the volumetric method. The breakthrough experiments of a H<SUB>2</SUB> and D<SUB>2</SUB> mixture in each adsorbent bed were carried out at various conditions of flow rate and pressure. The equilibrium ratio of D<SUB>2</SUB> to H<SUB>2</SUB> on mesoporous molecular sieves was larger than the ratio on microporous molecular sieves (SBA-15 > 10X > Y > 5A), but the difference among the adsorbents decreased with increases in pressure. On the other hand, the order of breakthrough separation factor showed the opposite result (SBA-15 < 10X < Y < 5A). The breakthrough separation factors for zeolite 10X was approximately equal to the equilibrium ratio of D<SUB>2</SUB> to H<SUB>2</SUB> at the corresponding partial pressures, whereas zeolites 5A and Y showed higher breakthrough separation factors than their equilibrium ratios. In SBA-15, the separation factors from breakthrough results were even smaller than the corresponding equilibrium ratio. In the microporous adsorbent with a limited pore size (zeolite 5A in the study), the diffusion mechanism contributed to the separation of hydrogen isotope gases as one of key factors.
Xiang, J.,Yu, X.Y.,Paik, U. Elsevier Sequoia 2016 Journal of Power Sources Vol.329 No.-
Hollow nanostructured mixed metal oxides have recently been intensively investigated as electrode materials for energy storage and conversion due to their remarkable electrochemical properties. Although great efforts have been made, the synthesis of hollow nanostructured vanadium-based mixed metal oxides especially those with one dimensional structure is rarely reported. Vanadium-based mixed metal oxides are promising electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries with high capacity and good rate capability. Here, we develop a facile and general method for the synthesis of one dimensional M<SUB>x</SUB>V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> (M = Co, Ni, Fe) tubular structure through a simple single-spinneret electrospinning technique followed by a calcination process. As a demonstration, Co<SUB>3</SUB>V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> hollow nanofibers are evaluated as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. As expected, benefiting from their unique one dimensional tubular structure, the as-synthesized Co<SUB>3</SUB>V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>8</SUB> exhibits excellent electrochemical properties for lithium storage. To be specific, it can deliver a high specific capacity of 900 mAh g<SUP>-1</SUP> at 5 A g<SUP>-1</SUP>, and long cycling stability up to 2000 cycles. The present work makes a significant contribution to the design and synthesis of mixed metal oxides with one dimensional tubular structure, as well as their potential applications in electrochemical energy storage.
T.J. Lou,Y.Q. Xiang 국제구조공학회 2008 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.28 No.5
In this study, a numerical procedure based on the finite element method for materially and geometrically nonlinear analysis of reinforced and prestressed concrete slender columns with arbitrary section subjected to combined biaxial bending and axial load is developed. In order to overcome the low computer efficiency of the conventional section integration method in which the reinforced concrete section is divided into a large number of small areas, an efficient section integration method is used to determine the section tangent stiffness. In this method, the arbitrary shaped cross section is divided into several concrete trapezoids according to boundary vertices, and the contribution of each trapezoid to section stiffness is determined by integrating directly the trapezoid. The space frame flexural theory is utilized to derive the element tangent stiffness matrix. The nonlinear full-range member response is traced by an updated normal plane arc-length solution method. The analytical results agree well with the experimental ones.
ITER vacuum vessel structural analysis completion during manufacturing phase
Martinez, J.M.,Alekseev, A.,Sborchia, C.,Choi, C.H.,Utin, Y.,Jun, C.H.,Terasawa, A.,Popova, E.,Xiang, B.,Sannazaro, G.,Lee, A.,Martin, A.,Teissier, P.,Sabourin, F.,Caixas, J.,Fernandez, E.,Zarzalejos, North-Holland 2016 Fusion engineering and design Vol.109 No.1
Some years ago, analyses were performed by ITER Organization Central Team (IO-CT) to verify the structural integrity of the ITER vacuum vessel baseline design fixed in 2010 and classified as a Protection Important Component (PIC). The manufacturing phase leads the ITER Organization domestic agencies (IO-DA) and their contracted manufacturers to propose detailed design improvements to optimize the manufacturing or inspection process. These design and quality inspection changes can affect the structural margins with regards to the Codes&Standards and thus oblige to evaluate one more time the modified areas. This paper proposes an overview of the additional analyses already performed to guarantee the structural integrity of the manufacturing designs. In this way, CT and DAs have been strongly involved to keep the considerable margins obtained previously which were used to fix reasonable compensatory measures for the lack of In Service Inspections of a Nuclear Pressure Equipment (NPE).