여대생의 인유두종 바이러스 및 인유두종 바이러스 백신 관련 지식과 예방접종 실태와의 상관관계

Xu, Meiling,김현지,이희수,이윤지,한동연,박소영,엄효윤,최정민,홍서진,홍예림,이경은,이혜림 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2017 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.51

Purpose: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is readily available, but immunization rate is minimal. Lack of knowledge concerning the HPV infection and vaccine is expected as the primary reason. The correlation between knowledge levels and vaccination will provide applicable guidelines for successful interventions. Method: 309 female university students have completed surveys September 2016, reporting of HPV infection knowledge, HPV vaccine knowledge, source of knowledge, and attitudes concerning vaccination. Result: HPV infection and vaccine knowledge levels were both suboptimal(9.57±1.84, 7.59±1.58), and the Internet(16.2%) was recognized as the most generally used means of obtaining information on the HPV vaccine. However, vaccination rates were reported to be low(28.2%), with lack of information(46.6%) hindering immunization. Correlations were found between HPV infection knowledge and cervical cancer insight, but the correlations between knowledge levels and vaccination rates were insignificant. Conclusion: Prior information on cervical cancer had an effect on the knowledge levels of HPV infection, but other factors were insignificant. Lack of information on the HPV vaccine was speculated, thus programs should focus on accessibility and effectiveness.

Constraints on kinematic models from the latest observational data

Lu, J.,Xu, L.,Liu, M. North-Holland Pub. Co 2011 Physics letters: B Vol.699 No.4

Kinematical models are constrained by the latest observational data from geometry-distance measurements, which include 557 type Ia supernovae (SNIa) Union2 data and 15 observational Hubble data. Considering two parameterized deceleration parameter, the values of current deceleration parameter q<SUB>0</SUB>, jerk parameter j<SUB>0</SUB> and transition redshift z<SUB>T</SUB>, are obtained. Furthermore, we show the departures for two parameterized kinematical models from ΛCDM model according to the evolutions of jerk parameter j(z). Also, it is shown that the constraint on jerk parameter j(z) is weak by the current geometrical observed data.

Understanding of the capacity contribution of carbon in phosphorus-carbon composites for high-performance anodes in lithium ion batteries

Xu, J.,Jeon, I. Y.,Ma, J.,Dou, Y.,Kim, S. J.,Seo, J. M.,Liu, H.,Dou, S.,Baek, J. B.,Dai, L. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Nano research Vol.10 No.4

<P>Phosphorus has recently received extensive attention as a promising anode for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity of 2,596 mAh.g(-1). To develop high-performance phosphorus anodes for LIBs, carbon materials have been hybridized with phosphorus (P-C) to improve dispersion and conductivity. However, the specific capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability of P-C anodes are still less than satisfactory for practical applications. Furthermore, the exact effects of the carbon support on the electrochemical performance of the P-C anodes are not fully understood. Herein, a series of xP-yC anode materials for LIBs were prepared by a simple and efficient ball-milling method. 6P-4C and 3P-7C were found to be optimum mass ratios of x/ y, and delivered initial discharge capacities of 1,803.5 and 1,585.3.mAh.g(-1), respectively, at 0.1 C in the voltage range 0.02-2 V, with an initial capacity retention of 68.3% over 200 cycles (more than 4 months cycling life) and 40.8% over 450 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the 6P-4C and 3P-7C samples was attributed to a synergistic effect from both the adsorbed P and carbon.</P>

Impact of low dose atorvastatin on development of new-onset diabetes mellitus in Asian population: Three-year clinical outcomes

Park, J.Y.,Rha, S.W.,Choi, B.,Choi, J.W.,Ryu, S.K.,Kim, S.,Noh, Y.K.,Choi, S.Y.,Akkala, R.G.,Li, H.,Ali, J.,Xu, S.,Ngow, H.A.,Lee, J.J.,Lee, G.N.,Kim, J.,Lee, S.,Na, J.O.,Choi, C.U.,Lim, H.E.,Kim, J.W Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.184 No.-

Background: High dose atorvastatin is known to be associated with new onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in patients with high risk for developing diabetes mellitus (DM). However, low dose atorvastatin is more commonly used as compared with high dose atorvastatin. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of low dose atorvastatin (LDA, 10mg or 20mg) on the development of NODM up to three years in Asian patients. Methods: From January 2004 to September 2009, we investigated a total of 3566 patients who did not have DM. To adjust for potential confounders, a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed using the logistic regression model. After PSM (C-statistics: 0.851), a total of 818 patients (LDA group, n=409 patients and control group, n=409 patients) were enrolled for analysis. Results: Before PSM, the cumulative incidence of NODM (5.8% vs. 2.1%, p<0.001), myocardial infarction (0.5% vs. 0.1%, p-value=0.007), and major adverse cardio-cerebral event (MACCE, 1.8% vs. 0.7%, p-value=0.012) at three-years were higher in the LAD group. However, after PSM, there was a trend toward higher incidence of NODM (5.9% vs. 3.2%, p=0.064) in the LDA group, but the incidence of MACCE (1.2% vs. 1.5%, p-value=1.000) was similar between the two groups. In multivariable analysis, the LDA administration was tended to be an independent predictor of NODM (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.00-3.98, p-value 0.050). Conclusions: In this study, the use of LDA tended to be a risk factor for NODM in Asian patients and reduced clinical events similar to the control group. However, large-scale randomized controlled trials will be needed to get the final conclusion.

Five-year clinical outcomes in patients with significant coronary artery spasm: A propensity score-matched analysis

Choi, B.G.,Park, S.H.,Rha, S.W.,Park, J.Y.,Choi, S.Y.,Park, Y.,Xu, S.,Ngow, H.A.,Ali, J.,Li, H.,Kim, J.B.,Lee, S.,Na, J.O.,Choi, C.U.,Lim, H.E.,Kim, J.W.,Kim, E.J.,Park, C.G.,Seo, H.S.,Oh, D.J. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.184 No.-

Background: Coronary artery spasm (CAS) is known to be a risk factor of acute coronary syndrome and angina pectoris. However, there is no currently available data with larger study population regarding long-term clinical outcomes of CAS in real world clinical practice. Objectives: We evaluated the prevalence of CAS and the impact of CAS on 5-year clinical outcomes in a series of Asian CAS patients documented by intracoronary acetylcholine (Ach) provocation test. Methods: A total of 1413 consecutive patients without significant coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent Ach provocation test between Nov. 2004 and Oct. 2008 were enrolled. Significant CAS was defined as >70% of narrowing by incremental intracoronary injection of 20, 50 and 100μg. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of significant CAS (the non-CAS group: n=640, the CAS group; n=773). To adjust potential confounders, a propensity score matched (PSM) analysis was performed using the logistic regression model. Results: A total of 54.7% (773/1413) patients were diagnosed as CAS documented by Ach provocation test. After PSM analysis, 2 propensity-matched groups (451 pairs, n=902, C-statistic=0.677) were generated. Despite of similar incidence of individual hard endpoints including mortality, myocardial infarction and revascularization, the CAS group showed the higher trend of recurrent angina requiring follow up angiography than the non-CAS group up to 5years (HR; 1.56, 95% C.I.; 0.99-2.46, p=0.054). Conclusions: The prevalence of CAS was 54.7%. Although the cumulative incidence of recurrent angina requiring follow up coronary angiography seems to be increased up to 5years in CAS patients, CAS patients was not associated with major individual and composite clinical outcomes such as mortality, MI, PCI, CVA with optimal medical therapy as compared with patients without CAS.

A computational integrating kinetic study on the flexible active site of human acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1

Xu, Y.,Lee, J.,Yang, H.S.,Lu, Z.R.,Mu, H.,Yang, J.M.,Zhang, Q.,Park, Y.D. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2016 PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY Vol.51 No.6

In order to gain more insight into the relation between the structure of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and its catalytic and regional active site properties, the denaturant guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl) was employed in this study. The effects of GdnHCl on ALDH1 conformational and functional changes were evaluated by kinetic analysis and by performing computational molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We found that direct binding of GdnHCl to ALDH1 induced complete inactivation prior to conspicuous changes in its tertiary structure or hydrophobic exposure, indicating that the active site is flexible compared to the overall structure. Kinetic experimental results and computational simulations indicated that there are specific sites on ALDH1 to which guanidine binds, resulting in blocking of catalytic function without a large degree of structural disruption. These sites may lay specifically in a cofactor-binding region, which was suggested by the observation of mixed-type inhibition. Our study provides insight into the flexibility of the ALDH1 active site through the use of GdnHCl denaturant and computational simulations to suggest possible binding mechanisms of inhibitors for the clinical applications.

Suboptimal control strategy in structural control implementation

Xu, J.Y.,Li, Q.S.,Li, G.Q.,Wu, J.R.,Tang, J. Techno-Press 2005 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.19 No.1

The suboptimal control rule is introduced in structural control implementation as an alternative over the optimal control because the optimal control may require large amount of processing time when applied to complex structural control problems. It is well known that any time delay in structural control implementation will cause un-synchronized application of the control forces, which not only reduce the effectiveness of an active control system, but also cause instability of the control system. The effect of time delay on the displacement and acceleration responses of building structures is studied when the suboptimal control rule is adopted. Two examples are given to show the effectiveness of the suboptimal control rule. It is shown through the examples that the present method is easy in implementation and high in efficiency and it can significantly reduce the time delay in structural control implementation without significant loss of performance.

Dynamics of kinetic geodesic-acoustic modes and the radial electric field in tokamak neoclassical plasmas

Xu, X.Q.,Belli, E.,Bodi, K.,Candy, J.,Chang, C.S.,Cohen, R.H.,Colella, P.,Dimits, A.M.,Dorr, M.R.,Gao, Z.,Hittinger, J.A.,Ko, S.,Krasheninnikov, S.,McKee, G.R.,Nevins, W.M.,Rognlien, T.D.,Snyder, P.B. International Atomic Energy Agency 2009 Nuclear fusion Vol.49 No.6

<P>We present edge gyrokinetic simulations of tokamak plasmas using the fully non-linear (full-<I>f</I>) continuum code TEMPEST. A non-linear Boltzmann model is used for the electrons. The electric field is obtained by solving the 2D gyrokinetic Poisson equation. We demonstrate the following. (1) High harmonic resonances (<I>n</I> > 2) significantly enhance geodesic-acoustic mode (GAM) damping at high <I>q</I> (tokamak safety factor), and are necessary to explain the damping observed in our TEMPEST <I>q</I>-scans and consistent with the experimental measurements of the scaling of the GAM amplitude with edge <I>q</I><SUB>95</SUB> in the absence of obvious evidence that there is a strong <I>q</I>-dependence of the turbulent drive and damping of the GAM. (2) The kinetic GAM exists in the edge for steep density and temperature gradients in the form of outgoing waves, its radial scale is set by the ion temperature profile, and ion temperature inhomogeneity is necessary for GAM radial propagation. (3) The development of the neoclassical electric field evolves through different phases of relaxation, including GAMs, their radial propagation and their long-time collisional decay. (4) Natural consequences of orbits in the pedestal and scrape-off layer region in divertor geometry are substantial non-Maxwellian ion distributions and parallel flow characteristics qualitatively like those observed in experiments.</P>

Hymenobacter daecheongensis sp. nov., isolated from stream sediment

Xu, J.-L.,Liu, Q.-M.,Yu, H.-S.,Jin, F.-X.,Lee, S.-T.,Im, W.-T. Microbiology Society 2009 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.59 No.5

<P>A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, red-pink bacterium, designated strain Dae14(T), was isolated from stream sediment collected near Daecheong Dam, South Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Dae14(T) belonged to the genus Hymenobacter. Sequence similarities between strain Dae14(T) and the type strains of Hymenobacter species with validly published names ranged from 91.3 to 94.3 %. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain Dae14(T) were iso-C(15 : 0), C(16 : 1)omega5c, summed feature 5 (iso-C(17 : 1) I and/or anteiso-C(17 : 1) B) and iso-C(16 : 0). The DNA G+C content was 62.2 mol%. Results of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characterization indicated that strain Dae14(T) can be distinguished from all known Hymenobacter species and represents a novel species, for which the name Hymenobacter daecheongensis sp. nov. is proposed, with Dae14(T) (=KCTC 22258(T)=LMG 24498(T)) as the type strain.</P>

NEUTRON-INDUCED CAVITATION TENSION METASTABLE PRESSURE THRESHOLDS OF LIQUID MIXTURES

Xu, Y.,Webster, J.A.,Lapinskas, J.,Taleyarkhan, R.P. Korean Nuclear Society 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.7

Tensioned metastable fluids provide a powerful means for low-cost, efficient detection of a wide range of nuclear particles with spectroscopic capabilities. Past work in this field has relied on one-component liquids. Pure liquids may provide very good detection capability in some aspects, such as low thresholds or large radiation interaction cross sections, but it is rare to find a liquid that is a perfect candidate on both counts. It was hypothesized that liquid mixtures could offer optimal benefits and present more options for advancement. However, not much is known about radiation-induced thermal-hydraulics involving destabilization of mixtures of tensioned metastable fluids. This paper presents results of experiments that assess key thermophysical properties of liquid mixtures governing fast neutron radiation-induced cavitation in liquid mixtures. Experiments were conducted by placing liquid mixtures of various proportions in tension metastable states using Purdue's centrifugally-tensioned metastable fluid detector (CTMFD) apparatus. Liquids chosen for this study covered a good representation of both thermal and fast neutron interaction cross sections, a range of cavitation onset thresholds and a range of thermophysical properties. Experiments were devised to measure the effective liquid mixture viscosity and surface tension. Neutron-induced tension metastability thresholds were found to vary non-linearly with mixture concentration; these thresholds varied linearly with surface tension and inversely with mixture vapor pressure (on a semi-log scale), and no visible trend with mixture viscosity nor with latent heat of vaporization.