Bioaccumulation of Trace Metals by Mussel (Mytilus edulis) from Korean Coast

이인숙,송준임,박경숙,최병래,노분조,Lee, I.S.,Song, J.I.,Park, K.S.,Choe, B.L.,Rho, B.J. The Ecological Society of Korea 1995 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.18 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and in seawater, sediments and Mytilus edulis at Masan Bay, Onsan Bay, Daesan industrial complex and unpolluted area for the degree of contamination on the coast of Korea. The concentrations of dissolved Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in seawater the ranges of 0.29~0.79 ${\mu}g/l$, 0.03~0.08 ${\mu}g/l$, 0.19~2.01 ${\mu}g/l$ and 0.01~0.05 ${\mu}g/l$, respectively. The concentrations of Pb(p<0.001) and Zn(p<0.01) showed the significant differences between the contaminated and unpolluted area. There were the ranges of 13~55 ${\mu}g/l$, 26~101 ${\mu}g/l$, 51~263 ${\mu}g/l$ and 0.8~2.2 ${\mu}g/l$ in the concentration of Cu, Pb, Zn and contaminated and unpolluted area. The concentration of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in the Mytilus edulis showed the ranges of 0.69~2.77 ${\mu}g/l$, 0.29~1.50 ${\mu}g/l$, 13.57~52.90 ${\mu}g/l$ and 0.09~0.85 ${\mu}g/l$ respectively. These concentrations of four trace metal in Mytilus edulis were not significantly different with sites. Trace metal contents of Mytilus edulis in the contaminated site were similar to those in the unpolluted area. This is thought that metal concentration in coastal seawater were not relatively serious.

체외수정 정도 관리를 위한 흰쥐 배아 배양에 관한 연구

송준(J Song),양남훈(NH Yang),김동석(DS Kim),박창서(CS Park),조성진(SJ Cho) 대한산부인과학회 1998 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.41 No.2

Objectives: To determine whether the mouse embryo culture system can be sensitized to provide improved differentiation of suboptimal culture media for in vitro fertilization. Design: Mouse embryo development in media prepared from one of two water sources were compared using embryos from two kinds of pretreatments, with either zona removal or intact. Results: embryos with intact zona pellucida were able to develop in suboptimal culture conditions, even when cultured in tap water without protein sources. Conclusion: The mouse embryo culture system has deficiencies as an assay of culture medium quality, but the sensitivity of the assa.

Retinoblastoma 종양억제 유전자의 유방암 계대세포에서 Steroid 수용체 활성억제에 관한 연구

송준(J Song),조성진(SJ Cho),이경일(KI Lee),김선행(SH Kim),강재성(JS Kang),이규완(KW Lee),이진용(JY Lee),구병삼(BS Koo) 대한산부인과학회 1997 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.40 No.10

Cancer results from mutations that disrupt the harmonious checks and balances that regulate normal cellular growth and development. These mutations arise in two classes of interacting genes:those that facilitate cell growth and tumor formation(oncogenes), in which mutation or overexpression is oncogenic, and those that inhibit these processes(tumor supp-ressor genes) whose loss is oncogenic. The human retinoblastoma(Rb) protein, a tumor suppressor, acts as transcription factor or/and cell cycle regulator. Heterogenous expression of the Rb gene product contributes to the genesis of a diverse group of human neoplasma such as breast, prostate, small cell lu- ng, bladder carcinoma and leukemia. Its structural aberrations were observed in 25% of br- east tumor cell lines studied and 7% of the primary tumors, such as homozygous internal deletions and total deletion. These observations suggest that Rb protein is involved in bre- ast cancer development. Here we report that Rb protein represses steroid receptor function and its involvement of cell cycle process in human breast cancer cell line, MCF7 cells. 1. The overexpression of Rb protein repressed the steroid receptor function in breast cancer cell line, MCF 7. 2. When we introduced the mutant type Rb expression vector(deletion of exon 22), such repression was not observed. 3. By introducing E2F expression vector, the action of Rb protein was repressed. 4. Rb protein modulated the binding patterns of proteins to Kil-GRE site. 5. Flow cytometry analysis showed that Rb protein acts on G0/G1 stage of cell cycle process. These findings provide the molecular basis of breast cancer therapy using Rb protein.

셔더리스 등속조인트 모델링 및 주요 효율 인자 분석

송준(J. Song),조광희(G. H. Jo),김동완(D. W. Kim),주종남(C. N. Chu) 한국정밀공학회 2014 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10월

난자 채취 전 시행한 혈청 난포자극호르몬치 및 난포호르몬치와 GnRH 효능제 사용 체외수정시술 예후에 관한 연구

송준(J Song),김영호(YH Kim),이동우(DW Lee),이재수(JS Lee),정의식(ES Jung),김선행(SH Kim),조성진(SJ Cho),구병삼(BS Koo) 대한산부인과학회 1998 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.41 No.10

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of serum follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) level and serum estradiol (E2) level before ovum pick up during In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer cycle. Method: We retrospectively analyzed the 172 cycles underwent oocyte retrieval for IVF after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with GnRH and hMG/FSH. Serum hormone levels including FSH and LH and E2 on menstrual day 3 (Basal E2), E2 on hCG administraion day (Day 0 E2) were determined using radioimmunoassay. We also analyzed IVF-ET outcome (No. of oocytes, No. of metaphase Ⅱ oocytes, No. of transferable embryos, fertilization rate, index of embryo development, pregnancy rate per cycle) related to the determined serum hormone levels. Results: 1. No. of retrieved oocyte was higher in the low FSH group (<15 mIU/mL) than in the high FSH group (≥15 mIU/mL) (9.7±8.3, 7.0±1.7; P =0.001). 2. Pregnancy rate was significantly different between two groups (13.0 %/cycle in FSH<15 mIU/mL, 0 %/cycle in FSH>15 mIU/mL; P<0.001). 3. Pregnancy rate was higher in the high responder group (E2>2000 pg/ml) than in low responder group (E2<2000 pg/ml) (25.0, 3.7 %/cycle; P<0.001). 4. Pregnancy rate was higher in high E2/Ovum group (>200 pg/ml) than in low E2/Ovum group (<200 pg/ml) (16.0, 5.3 %/cycle; P<0.001). 5. There was a positive correlation between index of embryo development and E2/Ovum(γ=0.265; P<0.05). Conclusion; Day 3 serum FSH is the best single predictor of ovarian reserve and high serum estradiol level of the hCG administration day is an useful predictive parameter for favorable outcome of the IVF cycle treated with GnRH agonist.

셔더리스 트라이포드 등속조인트 축력 모델링 및 주요 인자 분석

송준(J. Song),주종남(C. N. Chu),조광희(G. H. Jo),김동완(D.W. Kim) 한국정밀공학회 2015 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.12월

난포호르몬 및 황체호르몬치와 GnRH agonist 사용 체외수정시술의 예후

이낙우(NW Lee),송준(J Song),김탁(T Kim),김선행(SH Kim),구병삼(BS Koo) 대한산부인과학회 1998 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.41 No.2

Although significant progress has been realized in the induction of follicular develpment,oocyte recovery,and the laboratory aspects of human in vitro fertilization(IVF),implantation rate and pregnancy rate after embryo transfer(ET) remain low. Among many variable factors related with implantation and early pregnancy maintenance, hormonal factor is thought to be important. Empirical hormonal therapy during periimplantation period was performed, but there is little information about the optimal hormonal environment during periimplantation period. To assess the prognostic importance of estradiol(E2) and progesterone(P4) levels on the day of hCG administration in IVF cycles treated with adjunctive GnRH agonist, we reviewed the 79 cycles underwent oocyte retieval for IVF after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) with GnRH-agonist and hMG/FSH exclusive of male factor and over 38 years old, from january 1995 to december 1995. Serum E2 and P4 levels were determined using radioimmunoassay(RIA) on the day of hCG administration(day 0). We analized IVF-ET outcome(number of oocytes,number of embryos transferable,fertilization rate,implantation rate and pregnancy rate/cycle) related to the serum E2 and P4 levels. The serum E2,P4 levels on the day 12 were measured to compare the luteal phase pattern of serum E2,P4 in conception and nonconception cycles. The followings are summarized results. 1. Absolute P4 level on the day 0 was related to the size of recruited follicular mass(FM) and number of embryos transferable(P < 0.0001, < 0.05) but not related to the fertilization rate(FR) and pregnancy rate(PR). 2. In lower corrected P4 level(day 0 P4/oocyte), FM was increased(P < 0.01). 3. Absolute E2 level on the day 0 was related to the size of FM and number of embryos transferable(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)and not related to the FR and PR, but implantation rate(IR) was increased in lower E2 group(P < 0.05). 4. Corrected E2 level(day 0 E2/oocyte) was not related to the FM and FR but IR and PR were increased in lower corrected E2 group(P < 0.05). 5. There was no significant differences in the absolute levels of P4 and E2 during the late luteal phase between the pregnant and nonpregnant cycles, but E2/P4 ratio in pregnant group was higher than that of nonpregnant group(P < 0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that absolute level of steroids during late follicular phase has no impact on the PR in IVF cycles and high E2 level per oocyte may have adverse effects on the embyronic development as well as endometrial receptivity.

체외수정시술 후 발생된 병합임신 1 례

이동우(DW Lee),송준(J Song),김동석(DS Kim),이재수(JS Lee),임병도(BD Lim),조성진(SJ Cho) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.5

Heterotopic[combined] pregnancy, simultaneous intra- and extrauterine gestation, is a relatively rare condition with an estimated incidence of 1 in 30000 pregnancies. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancies increased in recent years because of the escalating use of new reproductive technologies in infertile patients and has stabilized at approximately 1 : 100 pregnancies with these procedures. The main reasons for development of such a condition in these patients are past tubal or pelvic disease and multiple ovulations or multiple ET. It is very difficult to diagnose a heterotopic pregnancy during the last two decades, mainly because of development of ultrasonographic techniques, especially transvaginal utrasonography. Treatment of heterotropic pregnacy should be prompt to avoid maternal morbidity and mortality from extensive intraperitoneal bleeding. The authors experienced one case of the combined pregnancy following IVF-ET and this case is presented with a brief review of literatures.

자궁내막암의 임상병리학적 고찰

한병수(BS Han),이학희(HH Lee),송준(J Song),박찬용(CY Park) 대한산부인과학회 1992 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.35 No.4

Significant advance in our knowledge of endometrial cancer have occured in the past decade. The incidence of the disease has risen in most western, industrial countries, and better understanding of the pathologic subtypes has evolved the relationship between exogenous estrogen use and endometrial cancer has been well documented. We have studied clinico-pathologic subtypes has evolved the relationship between exogenous estrogen use and endometrial cancer has been well documented. We have studied clinico-pathological correlation of endometrial carcinoma in 20 patients from July, 1975 to June, 1989 at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in National Medical Center. The mean age of endometrial cancer was 52 and mean parity was 2.3 Fifteen cases (75%) were postmenopausal, 4 cases (20%) were menopausal and 1 case (5%) was premenopausal. Pathologic subtypes were adenocarcinoma (60%), adenoacanthoma (20%), papillary adenocarcinoma (10%) and adenosquamous cell carcinoma (10%) in order of frequency. Abnormal vaginal bleeding was encountered in 90%, commonly postmenopausal, 75% lower abdominal pain in 15% and vaginal discharge in 10%, respectively. Risk factors were hypertension (20%), infertility (20%), obesity (15%), estrogen use (10%), diabetes millitus (5%) and hyperlipidemia (5%). Associated pelvic pathologies were myoma uteri (25%), adenomyosis (20%), endometrial hyperplasia (15%) and ovarian cyst(10%), respectively. A great number of patient (90%) was stage Ib. Concordance rate between clinical and surgical stage was 80%. Thirteen cases (65%) were treated by TAH and BSO, 4 cases (20%) by TAH, BSO with selective lymphadenectomy, 3 cases (15%) by TAH, BSO with radiation.

복강경을 이용한 부인과 수술 중 우발적 충수절제술에 관한 연구

김동석(DS Kim),이동우(DW Lee),고민석(MS Ko),송준(J Song),조성진(SJ Cho) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.6

Objective: To evaluate the safety of incidental appendectomy during gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. Methods: Thirty incidental appendectomies were performed in patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery at National Medical Center from October 1997 to October 1998. Operations were performed consequently by same operator. Appendix and mesoappendix was separated by bipolar electrocoagulator, and 2 endoloops were applicated at base of appendix with cauterization and milking of content, 1 endoloop was applicated at 1-1.5cm above base, and then cauterized site was cut with hook scissors. We analyzed operation times, appendical pathology, intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results: Operating times were 6 min to 12 min. Appendical histologic finding included normal in 16 cases[53%], fecal material of appendical lumen in 8 cases[27%], periappendical adhesion in 4 cases[13%], endometriosis in 1 case[3%], and mucocele in 1 case[3%]. Except for transient fever[>37.5°] in 4 cases[13%] and epigastric & shoulder pain in 3 cases[10%], there were no intraoperative and postoperative complications. Conclusion: We conclude that in the hands of experienced endoscopists risk are minimal, and incidental appendectomy during gynecologic laparoscopic surgery can be performed safely.