국내 담수퇴적물의 CODsed 분석방법 평가: CODMn법과 CODCr법의 신뢰성 및 상관성 비교

최지연 ( Ji Yeon Choi ),오상화 ( Sang Hwa Oh ),박정훈 ( Jeong Hun Park ),황인성 ( In Seong Hwang ),오정은 ( Jeong Eun Oh ),허진 ( Jin Hur ),신현상 ( Hyun Sang Shin ),허인애 ( In Ae Huh ),김영훈 ( Young Hoon Kim ),신원식 ( Won Sik 한국환경과학회 2014 한국환경과학회지 Vol.23 No.2

In Korea, the chemical oxygen demand(COD(sed)) in freshwater sediments has been measured by the potassium permanganate method used for marine sediment because of the absence of authorized analytical method. However, this method has not been fully verified for the freshwater sediment. Therefore, the use or modification of the potassium permanganate method or the development of the new COD(sed) analytical method may be necessary. In this study, two modified COD(sed) analytical methods such as the modified potassium permanganate method for COD(Mn) and the modified closed reflux method using potassium dichromate for COD(Cr) were compared. In the preliminary experiment to estimate the capability of the two oxidants for glucose oxidation, COD(Mn) and COD(Cr) were about 70% and 100% of theoretical oxygen demand(ThOD), respectively, indicating that COD(Cr) was very close to the ThOD. The effective titration ranges in COD(Mn) and COD(Cr) were 3.2 to 7.5 mL and 1.0 to 5.0 mL for glucose, 4.3 to 7.5 mL and 1.4 to 4.3 mL for lake sediment, and 2.5 to 5.8 mL and 3.6 to 4.5 mL for river sediment, respectively, within 10% errors. For estimating COD(sed) recovery(%) in glucose-spiked sediment after aging for 1 day, the mass balances of the COD(Mn) and COD(Cr) among glucose, sediments and glucose-spiked sediments were compared. The recoveries of COD(Mn) and COD(Cr) were 78% and 78% in glucose-spiked river sediments, 91% and 86% in glucose-spiked lake sediments, 97% and 104% in glucose-spiked sand, and 134% and 107% in glucose-spiked clay, respectively. In conclusion, both methods have high confidence levels in terms of analytical methodology but show significant different COD(sed) concentrations due to difference in the oxidation powers of the oxidants.

Dynamics of dissolved organic matter in riverine sediments affected by weir impoundments: Production, benthic flux, and environmental implications

Chen, Meilian,Kim, Sung-Han,Jung, Heon-Jae,Hyun, Jung-Ho,Choi, Jung Hyun,Lee, Hyo-Jin,Huh, In-Ae,Hur, Jin Elsevier 2017 Water research Vol.121 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In order to understand the characteristics and dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the sediment of rivers affected by impoundments, we examined the vertical profiles and the benthic fluxes of DOM in four different core sediments located at upstream sites of weirs in major rivers of South Korea. In three out of four sites, exponential accumulation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) with depth was observed with the signature of seasonal variability. Except for the site displaying a below-detection limit of Fe(II), the general accumulation trends of DOC with depth was concurrent with the increases of Fe(II) and NH<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP> and the decrease of PO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>3-</SUP>, signifying a close linkage of the DOM dynamics with anaerobic respiration via iron reduction, an important early diagenesis pathway. The estimated benthic fluxes from the cores revealed that the sediments likely serve as DOC, chromophoric DOM (CDOM), and fluorescent DOM (FDOM) sources to the overlying water. The benthic effluxes based on DOC were comparable to the ranges previously reported in lake and coastal areas, and those of CDOM and FDOM showed even higher levels. These findings imply that impoundment-affected river systems would change the DOM composition of the overlying water, ultimately influencing the subsequent water treatment processes such as disinfection byproducts production and membrane fouling. A simple mass balance model indicated that the impoundment-affected river sediments may operate as a net carbon sink in the environments due to a greater extent of sedimentation compared to the estimated benthic efflux and sediment biological respiration.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> DOC is exponentially accumulated with depth in most impoundment-affected sites. </LI> <LI> Positive correlation of DOC with Fe(II) reveals DOM production via iron reduction. </LI> <LI> Sediments serve as sources of DOC, CDOM, and FDOM to overlying water. </LI> </UL> </P>

낙동강 하천 및 호소 퇴적물에서의 PAHS, OCPS, Co-PCBs 농도 분포와 발생원 펑가

강희형(Hee Hyung Kang),이인석(In Seok Lee),허인애(In Ae Huh),신원식(Won Sik Shin),황인성(In Sung Hwang),김영훈(Young Hoon Kim),허진(Jin Hur),신현상(Hyun Sang Shin),김준하(Joon Ha Kim),오정은(Jeong Eun Oh) 大韓環境工學會 2010 대한환경공학회지 Vol.32 No.7

본 연구에서는 낙동강 수계 내 하천 및 호소의 퇴적물을 대상으로 16종의 다환방향족탄화수소(PAHs), 다염화바이페닐(PCBs), 유기염소계 농약(OCPs)류를 분석하였다. 하천 퇴적물에 존재하는 16종의 PAHs와 12종의 Co-PCBs 농도 수준은 각각 N.D.~969.3ng/g-dry, 4.2~7716.5pg/g-dry(0.0~10.1 pg-TEQ/g-dry)이었다. 호소 퇴적물에 존재하는 16종의 PAHs류는 5.8∼2987.2ng/g-dry, 12종의 co-PCBs는 4.3~461.1 Pg/g-dry(0.0~0.6 pg-TEQ/g-dry), OCPs의 농도 수준은 N.D.~1.5ng/g-dry이었으며, OCPs 중 DDT류만 검출되었다. 이는 환경질 평가를 위한 가이드 라인보다 훨씬 낮은 수준이었다. 낙동강 수계 내 하천 퇴적물에 존재하는 16종의 PAHs 중 저분자 PAHs의 비율이 높은 반면, 호소에서는 중·고분자 PAHs의 비율이 높았다. 그리고 PCBs는 모든 퇴적물 시료에서 PCB-118과 PCB-105의 비율이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 이는 이전의 연구와도 일치하는 결과이다. 검출 된 PAHs와 Co-PCBs의 배출원 추정 결과,PAHs의 경우 일부 지점들을 제외한 대부분의 지점들이 석탄 및 바이오패스의 연소 와 관련 있었으며, Co-PCBs의 경우 상업적인 PCBs와 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. We investigated the levels and distribution patterns of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 12 Coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the surface sediments from the Nakdong river basin, Korea. The levels of 16 PAHs and 12 Co-PCBs in the river sediment samples ranged from not detected (N.D.)~969.3ng/g-dry, 4.2~7716.5pg/g-dry (0.0~10.1pg-TEQ/g-dry), respectively. Also, the levels of 16 PAHs were from 5.8~2987.2ng/g-dry and 4.3~461.1pg/g-dry (0.0~0.6 pg-TEQ/g-dry) for 12 Co-PCBs in the lake sediment samples. Only dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) were detected among target OCPs and the concentration ranged from N.D.~1.5ng/g-dry in the river sediment samples. These contamination levels were far below the guideline values suggested for environmental quality assessment. Low molecular weight PAHs were dominant in the river sediment samples, while middle and high molecular weight PAHs were dominant among 16 PAHs in the lake sediment samples. PCB-118 and PCB-105 were predominant congeners in the sediment, which were similar to the results obtained from previous studies. With these results, the assessment of potential sources of PAHs and Co-PCBs contamination in the sediments of the Nakdong river basin was performed. The pyrogenic-PAHs originated from combustion of fossil fuel and biomass were related with the PAHs contribution in most of the sediment samples, and Co-PCBs in the sediment samples were related with commercial PCB products.

완전분해와 전분해 방법에 의한 영산강,섬진강수계 퇴적물의 중금속농도 상관관계

오다연(Da Yeon Oh),최경균(Kyoung Kyoon Choi),허인애(In Ae Huh),황인성(In Seong Hwang),김영훈(Young Hoon Kim),허진(Jin Hur),신현상(Hyun Sang Shin),오정은(Jeong Eun Oh),신원식(Won Sik Shin),박정훈(Jeong Hun Park) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구에서는 완전분해와 전분해 전처리 방법에 따른 중금속 농도 사이에 대한 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 영산강·섬진강 수계 하천 및 호소에서 총 43점의 퇴적물 시료를 채취하여, 두 방법으로 전처리하고 5성분의 금속(Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn)을 분석하였다. 전체적인 중금속의 평균농도는 Zn>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cd 순으로 나타났으며, 전분해 값은 완전분해 값의 35.0% (Cd), 53.8% (Cr), 66.2% (Ni), 64.4% (Pb), 76.4% (Zn)로 완전분해시 중금속 농도가 높게 나타났다. 호소의 중금속 농도가 하천의 농도보다 높게 나타났다. 완전분해와 전분해 농도 사이의 상관관계식을 구하였으며, 강한 상관관계를 가지는 것을 나타난 Zn 및 Ni의 경우 완전분해 농도가 증가할 경우 왕수에 의한 용출농도도 같이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 나머지 중금속들에서도 두 분해법에 의한 퇴적물의 중금속농도 사이에 보통이상의 선형상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 퇴적물의 불균질성으로 인해 제한적으로 응용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. In this study, the correlations of concentrations in sediment heavy metals between two pretreatment methods, total digestion and aqua regia digestion, have been investigated. Total 43 samples had been collected from streams and lakes in Yeongsan and Seomjin watersheds. They were decomposed in two pretreatment methods and five metal components (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn) were analyzed. Overall average concentrations of heavy metals were Zn>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cd in the order. The concentrations of aqua regia digestion were 35.0% (Cd), 53.8% (Cr), 66.2% (Ni), 64.4% (Pb) and 76.4% (Zn) of the concentrations of total digestion and heavy metal concentrations of total digestion were higher. Heavy metal concentrations in sediments from lakes were higher than those from streams. The correlation equations between the concentrations of total digestion and aqua regia digestion were obtained. The concentrations of Zn and Ni, which showed strong linear correlations, increased in aqua regia digestion as the concentration in total digestion increased. The linear correlation coefficients between two digestion methods for most analyzed metals were above the average correlation. However, these results can be applied with limitations due to heterogeneity of sediments.

Potential linkage between sediment oxygen demand and pore water chemistry in weir-impounded rivers

Lee, Mi-Hee,Jung, Heon-Jae,Kim, Sung-Han,An, Sung-Uk,Choi, Jung Hyun,Lee, Hyo-Jin,Huh, In-Ae,Hur, Jin Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.619 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Due to recent weir construction on four major rivers in South Korea, sediment has accumulated in the river bottom near the weirs, which has in turn raised concerns over the quality of overlying water. In this study, the seasonal and spatial variations of sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and the influencing factors were explored using pore water chemistry for the weir-impounded rivers. Muddy and sandy sediment samples were taken from 24 different sites along the four major rivers in summer and autumn, 2016. The SOD was measured in a laboratory based on 10-hour incubation at in situ temperature. The measured pore water chemistry included the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), inorganic nitrogen (NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N, NO<SUB>3</SUB>-N, NO<SUB>2</SUB>-N), and phosphate phosphorous (PO<SUB>4</SUB>-P), and the optical properties from UV absorption spectra and fluorescence excitation-emission matrixes coupled with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC). Significant differences in SOD values between muddy and sandy sediments were found only in summer (<I>p</I> =0.047). The higher SOD in summer versus autumn (<I>p</I> =0.015) was attributed to seasonal temperature differences. The higher NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N and the lower NO<SUB>3</SUB>-N of the pore water samples in summer versus autumn suggested that organic nitrogen decomposition via an ammonification and nitrification process could operate as an important factor for the SOD variations in summer and autumn, respectively. Principal component analysis revealed the mutual contributions of nitrogen-associated processes and the organic composition in pore water to increasing SOD levels. NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N in sediment pore water alone could be a good predictor for SOD. However, multiple regression analysis using NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N, fluorescence index and terrestrial humic-like components improved the estimation capability for SOD variations.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Seasonal differences were found in SOD with the higher values in summer vs. autumn. </LI> <LI> Linkage between SOD and pore water chemistry was more pronounced in summer. </LI> <LI> Organic matter decomposition and nitrification contributed to SOD in each season. </LI> <LI> Ammonia and fluorescent DOM in pore water explained ~59% of SOD variations. </LI> <LI> Applying EEM-PARAFAC improved the prediction of SOD using pore water chemistry. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

철(Ⅱ)에 의해 유도되는 지질과산화에 대한 Diphenyl-dimethyl-dicarboxylate의 억제효과

허인회,이애경,홍순각,염윤기 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1992 약학 논총 Vol.6 No.-

Inhibitory effect of diphenyl-dimethyl-dicarboxylate(PMC) on ferrous ion-dependent lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes was studied to elucidate the chelating action for iron and the scavenging action for oxygen radicals produced during oxidation of iron. PMC was observed as a significant inhibitor of iron iondependent lipid peroxidation system. Lipid peroxidation by ascorbate in the presence of Fe^2+ was inhibited by PMC. PMC inhibited oxi-dation of Fe^2+ and it showed a significant initial chelating effect. PMC effectively inhibited lipid peroxidation by H_2O_2 and decomposed H_2O_2 OH·production in the presence of Fe^2+ was inhibited by PMC. Inhibitory effect of PMC on the peroxidative action of Fe^2+ in the presence or absence of ascorbate may be scavenging action on reactive oxygen species and chelating action on iron.

공공수계 퇴적물 조사 및 현황

허인애 ( In Ae Huh ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2018 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2018 No.-

변비 치료에 관한 임상진료지침

박무인 ( Moo In Park ),신정은 ( Jeong Eun Shin ),명승재 ( Seung Jae Myung ),허규찬 ( Kyu Chan Huh ),최창환 ( Chang Hwan Choi ),정성애 ( Sung Ae Jung ),최석채 ( Suck Chei Choi ),손정일 ( Chong Il Sohn ),최명규 ( Myung Gyu Choi ) 대한소화기학회 2011 대한소화기학회지 Vol.57 No.2

While constipation is a common symptom in Korea, there are no existing treatment guidelines. Although constipation may occur as a result of organic cause, there is no obstructive mucosal or structural cause in the vast majority of patients with constipation. The present paper deals with only the management of functional constipation: lifestyle changes; bulking agents and stool softeners; osmotic agents; stimulant laxatives; prokinetics; biofeedback and surgical treatments. Exercise and dietary fiber are helpful in some patients with constipation. Laxatives including bulking agents, stool softeners, osmotic agents, and stimulant laxatives have been found to be more effective than placebo at relieving symptoms of constipation. New enterokinetic agents that affect peristalsis through selective interaction with 5-hydroxytryptamine-4 receptors can be effective in patients with constipation who cannot get adequate relief from current laxatives. Biofeedback can relieve symptoms in selected patients with pelvic floor dyssynergia. Surgical treatments can be helpful in some patients with refractory constipation. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2011;57:100-114)

위배출 지연이 동반된 만성 서행성 변비증 환자에서 대장절제술 치험 2예

이상인,박효진,이창규,손승국,박인서,최소래,허애정 대한소화기학회 1999 대한소화기학회지 Vol.34 No.5

Two patients with slow transit constipation were reviewed focusing on delayed gastric emptying and its relation to surgical treatment. These patients were identified by barium enema, colonic transit time, gastric emptying time and electogastrography. Colonic transit time and gastric emptying time were delayed in two cases and all cases were managed surgically. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms as well as constipation were improved after surgery, but gastric emptying time was still delayed in postoperative study. Another possible mechanism except $quot;cologastric brake$quot; may affect upper gastrointesitnal dysmotility in chronic constipation. Previous studies has identified two distinct types of colonic dysmotility (colonic inertia and generalized gastrointestinal dysmotility) and demonstrated the long-term success of total abdominal colectomy for colonic inertia. These results suggest that surgical treatment may be considered in the case of intractable generalized gastrointestinal dysmotility.

영산강 퇴적물 인의 존재형태에 대한 실험실 연구

오해성(Hae Seong Oh),허인애(In Ae Huh),최정현(Jung Hyun Choi) 대한환경공학회 2017 대한환경공학회지 Vol.39 No.9

본 연구는 영산강 죽산보 상류 퇴적물을 대상으로 퇴적물에 존재하는 무기인의 존재형태를 파악하고 수체에 미치는 잠재적인 가능성을 예측해보고자 실험실 실험을 진행하였다. 이를 위해 현장 퇴적물을 채취하여 7일 동안 배양실험을 진행하였고, 배양 후 퇴적물의 존재형태별 인 및 수층의 총인을 측정하였다. 무기인의 총량은 YS1 지점보다 YS2 지점에서 더 많았으며, 존재형태별 인 중 Al-P와 Fe-P의 비율이 높았다. 두 지점 퇴적물 모두 배양 초기에 비해 배양 7일 후 Al-P, Fe-P 그리고 Ca-P는 증가하였으며, Red-P는 시간에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 수층의 총인 농도는 YS1 지점에서 배양시간에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였고, YS2 지점에서는 배양 7일 후 초기에 비해 총인의 농도가 감소하였다. 퇴적물 입자가 조밀한 YS1 지점이 YS2 지점에 비해 수층 총인 농도가 높은 결과로부터 수층의 총인 농도 변화는 퇴적물의 입도에 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다. 존재형태별 인 중 Fe-P는 수층의 총인 농도와 음의 상관관계를, Red-P는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과로부터, 수층의 총인 농도를 관리하기 위해서는 퇴적물 인의 존재형태별 특성을 지속적으로 모니터링 하는 것의 필요성을 확인할 수 있다. This study investigated the effect of phosphorus fractionation on the phosphorus release from the sediments of Juksan reservoir in Yeongsan River. The field sediments were collected, incubated, and analyzed with respect to phosphorus fractionation of sediments and total phosphorus (TP) of overlying water after 7 days. The total amount of inorganic phosphorus of YS2 site was higher than YS1 site. Al-P and Fe-P were major constituents of inorganic phosphorus. During the incubation, Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P were increased and Red-P was decreased at both sites. YS1 site showed increased TP concentration of overlying water, however, YS2 had opposite trend during the incubation. Counting on the particle size distribution of YS1 and YS2, particle size distribution is major factor to control the TP concentration of overlying water. There were positive relationship between Fe-P and TP and negative relationship between Red-P. From the results, it is essential to continuously monitor the sediment phosphorus fraction in order to control the TP concentration of the water.