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Son, Hyeong-Hoon,Min, Sung-Hun,Yeon, Ji-Yeong,Kim, Jin-Woo,Park, Soo-Yong,Lee, Yong-Hee,Jeong, Pil-Soo,Koo, Deog-Bon The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2013 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.37 No.4
Cathepsin B is abundantly expressed peptidase of the papain family in the lysosomes, and closely related to the cell degradation system such as apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Abnormal degradation of organelles often occurs due to release of cathepsin B into the cytoplasm. Many studies have been reported that relationship between cathepsin B and intracellular mechanisms in various cell types, but porcine embryos has not yet been reported. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of cathepsin B inhibitor (E-64) on preimplantation developmental competence and quality of porcine embryos focusing on apoptosis and oxidative stress. The expression of cathepsin B mRNA in porcine embryos was gradually decreased in inverse proportion to E-64 concentration by using real-time RT-PCR. When putative zygotes were cultured with E-64 for 24 h, the rates of early cleavage and blastocyst development were decreased by increasing E-64 concentration. However, the rate of blastocyst development in $5{\mu}M$ treated group was similar to the control. On the other hand, both the index of apoptotic and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of blastocysts were significantly decreased in the $5{\mu}M$ E-64 treated group compared with control. We also examined the mRNA expression levels of apoptosis related genes in the blastocysts derived from $5{\mu}M$ E-64 treated and non-treated groups. Expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax gene was shown to be decreased in the E-64 treated blastocyst group, whereas expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL gene was increased. Taken together, these results suggest that proper inhibition of cathepsin B at early development stage embryos improves the quality of blastocysts, which may be related to not only the apoptosis reduction but also the oxidative stress reduction in porcine embryos.
Son, Donghee,Koo, Ja Hoon,Song, Jun-Kyul,Kim, Jaemin,Lee, Mincheol,Shim, Hyung Joon,Park, Minjoon,Lee, Minbaek,Kim, Ji Hoon,Kim, Dae-Hyeong American Chemical Society 2015 ACS NANO Vol.9 No.5
<P>Electronics for wearable applications require soft, flexible, and stretchable materials and designs to overcome the mechanical mismatch between the human body and devices. A key requirement for such wearable electronics is reliable operation with high performance and robustness during various deformations induced by motions. Here, we present materials and device design strategies for the core elements of wearable electronics, such as transistors, charge-trap floating-gate memory units, and various logic gates, with stretchable form factors. The use of semiconducting carbon nanotube networks designed for integration with charge traps and ultrathin dielectric layers meets the performance requirements as well as reliability, proven by detailed material and electrical characterizations using statistics. Serpentine interconnections and neutral mechanical plane layouts further enhance the deformability required for skin-based systems. Repetitive stretching tests and studies in mechanics corroborate the validity of the current approaches.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2015/ancac3.2015.9.issue-5/acsnano.5b01848/production/images/medium/nn-2015-01848z_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn5b01848'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Micro cell array on silicon substrate using graphene sheet
Son, Hyeong-Guk,Oh, Hong-Gi,Park, Young-Sang,Kim, Dae-Hoon,Lee, Da-Som,Park, Woo-Hwan,Kim, Hyung Jin,Cho, Seung-Min,Lim, Ki Moo,Song, Kwang Soup Elsevier 2017 Materials letters Vol.196 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To fabricate micro-patterns for bioengineering applications, we used graphene sheet, metal mask, and plasma treatment rather than the commonly used photolithography process. Two types of micro-patterns were fabricated (line, and circle) on SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si (100, p-typed) substrate. In the line and circle micro-patterns, graphene etched areas were 100 and 150μm, respectively, with fluorinated graphene spacing. The efficiencies of early cell adhesion, which is necessary for the growth and proliferation of cells, were 62, 17, and 65% on the pristine, fluorinated, and etched graphene surface, respectively, for 6h of cell culture. After seeding the neuron cells on the patterned substrate, neuron cells proliferated and differentiated along the graphene etched regions. The graphene sheet was used as a passivation layer for micro-array of the neuron cell on SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Graphene sheet has been used in the miniaturization process. </LI> <LI> Graphene sheet was partially etched by plasma treatment in O<SUB>2</SUB> gas environment. </LI> <LI> Graphene sheet was fluorinated by plasma treatment in C<SUB>3</SUB>F<SUB>8</SUB> gas environment. </LI> <LI> Fluorinated graphene sheet artificially control the adhesion of cell. </LI> <LI> Fluorinated graphene sheet was used as a passivation layer for micro-cell array. </LI> </UL> </P>
Son, Hyeonwi,Baek, Ji Hyeong,Go, Bok Soon,Jung, Doo-hyuk,Sontakke, Sneha B.,Chung, Hye Jin,Lee, Dong Hoon,Roh, Gu Seob,Kang, Sang Soo,Cho, Gyeong Jae,Choi, Wan Sung,Lee, Dong Kun,Kim, Hyun Joon Elsevier 2018 NEUROPHARMACOLOGY - Vol.143 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Emerging evidence has shown the low levels of glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) and the hypoactivity in the cortex of patients with depression. The hypoactivity is closely related with low frequency of glutamatergic signaling that is affected by the levels of Glu and Gln. Thus, we hypothesized that there might be a causality among low levels of Glu and Gln, hypoactive glutamatergic neurotransmissions, and depressive behaviors. Here, we found low Glu and Gln levels and low frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) of glutamatergic neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of chronic immobilization stress (CIS)-induced depressed mice. The depressed mice also showed hypoactive Gln synthetase (GS). Inhibition of GS by methionine sulfoximine (MSO) decreased Glu and Gln levels and increased depressive behaviors with low frequency of sEPSC in the mPFC, indicating that Glu and Gln decrements cause hypoactive glutamatergic neurotransmissions and depressive behaviors. Both Glu and Gln could increase sEPSC of glutamatergic neurons in the mPFC on slice patch, but only Gln overcame MSO to increase sEPSC, suggesting that exogenous Gln would recover CIS-induced low frequency of sEPSC caused by hypoactive GS and act as an antidepressant. Expectedly, Gln supplementation showed antidepressant effects against CIS; it increased glutamatergic neurotransmissions with Glu and Gln increment in the mPFC and attenuated depressive behaviors. Moreover, selective glutamatergic activation in the mPFC by optogenetics decreased depressive behavior. In conclusion, depressive behaviors evoked by chronic stress were due to hypoactive glutamatergic neurons in the mPFC caused by low levels of Glu and Gln, and exogenous Gln can be used as an alternative antidepressant to increase glutamatergic neurotransmission.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Chronic stress decreased GS activity and Glu and Gln levels in the mPFC. </LI> <LI> Chronic stress reduced glutamatergic sEPSCs but not sIPSCs in the mPFC. </LI> <LI> GS activity inhibition resulted in the similar phenotype of chronic stress. </LI> <LI> Gln increased glutamatergic sEPSCs regardless of GS inhibition on a slice. </LI> <LI> Gln increased Glu and Gln levels and sEPSCs in the mPFC against chronic stress. </LI> </UL> </P>
강훈,손숙자,홍석진,전형진 대한피부과학회 1999 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.37 No.1
We report a case of nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn in a 31-year-old female associated with various epidermal appendage tumors, such as syringocystadenoma papilliferum, sebaceus adenoma and eccrine hidrocystoma. We supposed that the multiple lesions seem to support the concept of nevus sebaceus arising from the pluripotential primary epithelial germ.