신소설 <빈상설(鬢上雪)>에 나타난 윤리가치 혼재 양상

이혜숙(Lee, Hyesook) 돈암어문학회 2014 돈암어문학 Vol.27 No.-

이 논의는 동농 이해조의 신소설 <빈상설(?上雪)>을 대상으로 근대계몽기 윤리의 가치혼재 양상 및 당대 윤리관과 현실 사이의 불일치를 구체화하였다. <빈상설>은 구소설의 권선징악적 모티프를 갖고 있지만 선인과 악인의 모습은 구시대의 전형성에서 벗어난다. 선한 인물들은 고난을 의지와 선택으로 타개하는 적극성을 보여준다. 악인들은 당면한 조건을 날카롭게 분석하고 이를 처세에 이용하는 근대적 특성을 갖고 있다. 이해조가 인물의 표현을 위해 중시한 점은 바로 ‘윤리학’이었다. 특히 그가 『기호흥학회월보(畿湖興學會月報)』에 발표한 논설 <윤리학(倫理學)>은 명분과 실익의 괴리가 극심했던 당시 가치의 간극을 조율하고 해소하려는 고민의 결과였다. 윤리학의 핵심인 실천성은 근대적 학교 교육과 <빈상설>을 필두로 한 초기 소설을 통해 구체화된다. <빈상설>은 기존의 가치관이 붕괴되고 새로운 가치관이 미처 성립되지 못한 시기를 살아가는 사람들을 내세워 보수적 삶의 무기력과 이익만을 추구하는 삶의 패배를 동시에 비판한다. ‘구’와 ‘신’은 혼돈의 상태이며 양자의 관계는 결국 동전의 양면이다. <빈상설>을 통해 작가는 새롭게 유입된 가치들이 기존의 논리를 보완할 가능성과 근대적 가치들이 현실화되며 벌어진 폐해를 봉합할 가능성을 동시에 찾는다. 이해조는 권선징악의 도식을 재생산하는 대신 변모하는 시대와 변화하는 인간관계를 위해 새로운 윤리 기준을 모색하였다. This study maternalized the mixture of ethical values during the modern enlightenment period and the contradiction between the ethical view of the time and reality based on Binsangseol, Lee Hae-jo"s "Sinsosul," or new novel. Practice, the ethical value to which he attached importance, was emphasized in modern school education and his early novels, starting with Binsangseol. In Binsangseol, both the helplessness of traditional ethics and the failing of life seeking only benefits are described through characters at the time when modern values were not formly established. Furthermore, the novel does not follow an old typical way in expressing good people and bad people, though it has the age old, typical theme of the good triumphing over the evil. The characters face hardships, but carve out their destiny with strong will. Evil characters sharply analyze objective situations based on rationality and use them to make their life best. The active embrace of ethics is the effort to alleviate the difficulty of conventional values facing the contradiction between rationale and practical interest. Through Binsangseol, Lee Hae-jo explores the possibility of supplementing modern values and the possibility of resolving harmful effects detected during the settlement of modern ethics. He fundamentally examines such possibilities instead of accepting and reproducing the theme of the good triumphing over the evil. Such examination was an experiment on new social ethics created by changing human relations under the under the periodical change rather than the clear conflict like confrontation between old and new.

Frontal Dysfunction Underlies Depression in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A FDG-PET Study

HyeSook Lee,IlHan Choo,DongYoung Lee,JeeWook Kim,EunHyun Seo,ShinGyeom Kim,ShinYoung Park,JiHye Shin,KiWoong Kim,JongInn Woo 대한신경정신의학회 2010 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.7 No.3

Objective-Depression is a very common symptom in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a preclinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and in those with clinically evident AD. Moreover, MCI individuals with depression show a higher conversion rate to clinical AD than those without depression. This study aimed to elucidate the functional neuroanatomical substrate of depression in MCI. Methods-Thirty-six patients were recruited from a University Hospital-based cohort; 18 of these subjects had MCI with depression (MCI_D); the remaining 18 subjects were age- and gender-matched, and had MCI with no depression (MCI_ND). For comparison, 16 cognitively normal (CN) elderly individuals were also included. All subjects underwent Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) scanning and regional cerebral glucose metabolism was compared among the three groups by a voxel-based method. The relationship between severity of depression, as measured by Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) scores, and glucose metabolism was also investigated. Results-MCI_D showed lower glucose metabolism in the right superior frontal gyrus than MCI_ND. There was a significant negative correlation between HRSD score and glucose metabolism at the same frontal region for overall MCI subjects. When compared with CN, both MCI_D and MCI_ND showed decreased glucose metabolism in the precuneus, while MCI_D had, in addition, reduced metabolism in other diffuse brain regions. Conclusion-Given previous observations on depression in AD, our results suggest that functional disruption of the frontal region, known to be associated with primary or other secondary depression, underlies depression in preclinical AD as well as clinically evident AD.

Magnetohydrodynamic Marginally-Supersonic Turbulence

Hyesook Lee,Dongsu Ryu,Jongsoo Kim 한국천문학회 1999 天文學會報 Vol.24 No.1

Ameliorative effects of Tagetes erecta Linn. flower against desiccation stress-induced dry eye symptoms in the mice model

Lee, Hyesook,Hwangbo, Hyun,Hyun, Jin-Won,Shim, Jung-Hyun,Leem, Sun-Hee,Kim, Gi-Young,Choi, Yung Hyun 한국한의학연구원 2024 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.13 No.2

Background: Tagetes erecta Linn, popularly known as Marigold, has various pharmacological effects. It is used as a dietary supplement, especially for the posterior segment of the eye. However, the effect of T. erecta Linn on ocular disorders is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral administration of ethanol extract of T. erecta Linn flower (TE) for dry eye syndrome (DED) in a murine model. Methods: Twenty-four mice were subjected to desiccation stress (DS) to induce DED and subcutaneous injection of scopolamine hydrobromide was administered 4 times a day for 21 days. TE and cyclosporine A (CsA) were administered for an additional 14 days under DS conditions. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, TE200, TE400, and CsA. Changes in tear production and corneal fluorescein staining were measured at baseline, after 7 days of DS, and after treatment for 7 and 14 days. Results: DS significantly decreased tear production and increased corneal fluorescein score; the parameters were significantly reversed in the TE400 (oral administration of 400 mg TE/kg body weight) group. TE markedly improved DS-induced changes including corneal epithelial detachment and lacrimal gland inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effect of TE 400 supplementation was similar to that of CsA. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that oral administration of TE may protect against DS-induced DED via stabilization of the tear film and suppression of inflammation. This study provides an experimental basis for further studies on the potential clinical use of TE in preventing DED.

Quercetin Mitigates Inflammatory Responses Induced by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Mouse Retinal Photoreceptor Cells through Suppression of Nuclear Factor Kappa B

Lee, Minsup,Yun, Seohyeon,Lee, Hyesook,Yang, Jaewook MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.12

<P>Retinal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increased by neovascularization is well known as a pathogenic factor in ocular neovascular diseases. However, it is still unclear how retinal neurons are damaged by VEGF. The aims of this study are to demonstrate the inflammatory protein expression regulated by VEGF using mouse photoreceptor-derived cells and the protective effect of quercetin against VEGF-induced inflammatory response. Expression and phosphorylation of protein and expression of mRNA were detected by immunoblot and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. VEGF-induced degradation of limiting membrane and translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were analyzed by immunocytochemistry. VEGF treatment activated angiogenic signaling pathway in photoreceptor cells. In addition, adhesion molecules and matrix metalloproteinases were increased in VEGF-treated photoreceptor cells. All these events were reversed by quercetin. Zona occludins-1 and β-catenin decreased by VEGF were recovered by quercetin. NF-κB signaling pathway regulated by VEGF through phosphorylations of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and protein kinase B (Akt) was suppressed by quercetin. These results suggest that quercetin suppressed VEGF-induced excessive inflammatory response in retinal photoreceptor cells by inactivation of NF-κB signals through inhibition of MAPKs and Akt. These data may provide a basic information for development of pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals for treatment of retinal diseases caused by excessive VEGF.</P>

Transonic Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence

LEE HYESOOK,RYU DONGSU,KIM JONGSOO,JONES T. W. The Korean Astronomical Society 2001 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.34 No.4

Compressible, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in two dimension is studied through high-resolution, numerical simulations with the isothermal equation of state. First, hydrodynamic turbulence with Mach number $(M)_{rms}\;\~$1 is generated by enforcing a random force. Next, initial, uniform magnetic field of various strengths with Alfvenic Mach number Ma $\gg$ 1 is added. Then, the simulations are followed until MHD turbulence is fully developed. Such turbulence is expected to exist in a variety of astrophysical environments including clusters of galaxies. Although no dissipation is included explicitly in our simulations, truncation errors produce dissipation which induces numerical resistivity. It mimics a hyper-resistivity in our second-order accurate code. After saturation, the resulting flows are categorized as SF (strong field), WF (weak field), and VWF (very weak field) classes respectively, depending on the average magnetic field strength described with Alfvenic Mach number, $(Ma)_{rms}{\ge}1$, $(Ma)_{rms}{\~}1$, and $(Ma)_{rms}{\gg}1$. The characteristics of each class are discussed.

How AI/ML interpenetrate into Weather Forecast: AlphaWeather Content Portfolio with Two Prime Results

Lee, Hyesook 한국기상학회 2022 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.4

STATE FORMATION AND CIVIL SOCIETY UNDER AMERICAN OCCUPATION : THE CASE OF SOUTH KOREA

LEE, HYESOOK Institute for Social Development and Policy Resear 1997 Korea Journal of Population and Development Vol.26 No.2

It is basic to examine the historical background in order to understand the social and political changes of contemporary Korea in connection zoith the origin of Korea's strong state, focusing on tfie specific role of the US military government,the main purpose of this paper is to examine the social and political changes of South Korea under American occupation after the end of World WarII. What were the characteristics of state formation under American occupation? Wliat could account for this particular pattern and evolvement? For which direction was the civil society of Korea heading? What was responsible for the demobilization or reshaping of t lie civil society? How was the relationship between the state and civil society shaped? What kind of impact did it have on later Korean society? Answering these questions,this paper relates these issues with the historical origin of the strong or authoritarian state in Korea.

Multi-match Packet Classification Scheme Combining TCAM with an Algorithmic Approach

Hyesook Lim,Nara Lee,Jungwon Lee 대한전자공학회 2017 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.6 No.1

Packet classification is one of the essential functionalities of Internet routers in providing quality of service. Since the arrival rate of input packets can be tens-of-millions per second, wirespeed packet classification has become one of the most challenging tasks. While traditional packet classification only reports a single matching result, new network applications require multiple matching results. Ternary content-addressable memory (TCAM) has been adopted to solve the multi-match classification problem due to its ability to perform fast parallel matching. However, TCAM has a fundamental issue: high power dissipation. Since TCAM is designed for a single match, the applicability of TCAM to multi-match classification is limited. In this paper, we propose a cost- and energy-efficient multi-match classification architecture that combines TCAM with a tuple space search algorithm. The proposed solution uses two small TCAM modules and requires a single-cycle TCAM lookup, two SRAM accesses, and several Bloom filter query cycles for multimatch classifications.

Recombinant human KAI1/CD82 attenuates M1 macrophage polarization on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via blocking TLR4/JNK/NF-κB signal pathway

Hyesook Lee,Jung-Hwa Han,Kangbin An,Yun Jeong Kang,Hyun Hwangbo,Ji Hye Heo,Byung Hyun Choi,Jae-Joon Kim,Seo Rin Kim,Soo Yong Lee,Jin Hur 생화학분자생물학회 2023 BMB Reports Vol.56 No.6

KAI1/CD82, a membrane tetraspanin protein, can prevent variouscancers and retinal disorders through its anti-angiogenicand anti-metastatic capacity. However, little is known about itsanti-inflammatory effect and molecular mechanism. Therefore,the present study aimed to inLPSvestigate effect of a recombinantprotein of the large extracellular domain of human KAI1(Gly 111-Leu 228, rhKAI1) on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulatedRAW264.7 macrophage-like cells and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and to identify its underlyingmechanism. Our data showed that rhKAI1 suppressedexpression levels of classically macrophages (M1) phenotyperelatedsurface markers F4/80+CD86+ in LPS-stimulated BMDMand RAW264.7 cells. In addition, LPS markedly increased mRNAexpression and release levels of pro-inflammatory cytokinesand mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosisfactor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2,whereas these increases were substantially down-regulated byrhKAI1. Furthermore, LPS strongly increased expression of NF-κBp65 in the nuclei and phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38MAPK. However, nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and phosphorylationof JNK were greatly reversed in the presence ofrhKAI1. Especially, rhKAI1 markedly suppressed expression oftoll-like receptor (TLR4) and prevented binding of LPS withTLR4 through molecular docking predict analysis. Importantly,Glu 214 of rhKAI1 residue strongly interacted with Lys 360 ofTLR4 residue, with a binding distance of 2.9 Å. Taken together,these findings suggest that rhKAI1 has an anti-inflammatoryeffect on LPS-polarized macrophages by interacting withTLR4 and down-regulating the JNK/NF-κB signaling pathway.