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Shon, Jong Cheol,Shin, Hwa-Soo,Seo, Yong Ki,Yoon, Young-Ran,Shin, Heungsop,Liu, Kwang-Hyeon American Chemical Society 2015 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.63 No.11
<P>The serum lipid metabolites of lean and obese mice fed normal or high-fat diets were analyzed via direct infusion nanoelectrospray–ion trap mass spectrometry followed by multivariate analysis. In addition, lipidomic biomarkers responsible for the pharmacological effects of compound K-reinforced ginsenosides (CK), thus the CK fraction, were evaluated in mice fed high-fat diets. The obese and lean groups were clearly discriminated upon principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) score plot, and the major metabolites contributing to such discrimination were triglycerides (TGs), cholesteryl esters (CEs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs), and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs). TGs with high total carbon number (>50) and low total carbon number (<50) were negatively and positively associated with high-fat diet induced obesity in mice, respectively. When the CK fraction was fed to obese mice that consumed a high-fat diet, the levels of certain lipids including LPCs and CEs became similar to those of mice fed a normal diet. Such metabolic markers can be used to better understand obesity and related diseases induced by a hyperlipidic diet. Furthermore, changes in the levels of such metabolites can be employed to assess the risk of obesity and the therapeutic effects of obesity management.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2015/jafcau.2015.63.issue-11/jf506216p/production/images/medium/jf-2014-06216p_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jf506216p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Generation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody to Ginsenoside Rg3
Joo, Eun Ji,Ha, Young Wan,Shin, Heungsop,Son, Sung Ho,Kim, Yeong Shik Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2009 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.32 No.4
<P>While studying the mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 (G-Rg3) on tumor inhibition, we produced monoclonal antibody to G-Rg3 for more specific investigation. We immunized Balb/c mice to G-Rg3 conjugated bovine serum albumin (BSA) by intraperitoneal injection and hybridized splenocytes from those immunized mice and myeloma cells. From those fusion cell lines, we selected productive monoclonal clones and obtained culture media containing monoclonal antibody to G-Rg3. After purification, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to verify the sensitivity and specificity of the antibody. When compared with G-Rh2 having a very similar structure as a metabolite of G-Rg3, the antibody worked only with G-Rg3 in a concentration-dependent manner. We confirmed that the monoclonal antibody to G-Rg3 can be applied to immunocytochemistry for detection of the treated G-Rg3 inside A549 human lung adenocarcinomas. Thus, the monoclonal antibody to G-Rg3 would be a useful tool for measuring the bioactivity of G-Rg3 in various fields.</P>
Lee, Bombi,Sur, Bongjun,Park, Jinhee,Shin, Heungsop,Kwon, Sunoh,Yeom, Mijung,Kim, Seok Joong,Kim, Kyungsoo,Shim, Insop,Yin, Chang Shik,Lee, Hyejung,Hahm, Dae-Hyun The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.6
Effect of fucoidan (FCN) treatment on improving memory defects caused by administration of scopolamine (SCO) to the rats was examined. The effects of FCN on the acetylcholinergic system as well as the expression of cAMP-response elementbinding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNAs in the hippocampus were also investigated. Male rats were administered daily doses for 14 days of FCN (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before scopolamine injection (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Daily administration of FCN improved memory impairment as measured by the passive avoidance test (PAT) and reduced the escape latency for finding the platform in the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Administration of FCN significantly alleviated memory-associated decreases in cholinergic immunoreactivity and restored the expression level of BDNF and CREB mRNAs in the hippocampus. Additionally, FCN significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$) and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) mRNAs in the hippocampus. These results demonstrated that FCN has significant neuroprotective effects against neuronal impairment and memory dysfunction caused by scopolamine in rats. Thus, these findings suggest that FCN is useful as a therapeutic agent for improving cognitive functioning via stimulation of cholinergic enzyme activities and regulation of CREB and BDNF expressions in the brain.
이봄비,서봉준,Jin-Hee Park,Heungsop Shin,권선오,염미정,김석중,김경수,In-SopShim,인창식,이혜정,함대현 한국응용생명화학회 2012 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.55 No.6
Effect of fucoidan (FCN) treatment on improving memory defects caused by administration of scopolamine (SCO)to the rats was examined. The effects of FCN on the acetylcholinergic system as well as the expression of cAMP-response elementbinding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNAs in the hippocampus were also investigated. Male rats were administered daily doses for 14 days of FCN (10,20, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before scopolamine injection (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Daily administration of FCN improved memory impairment as measured by the passive avoidance test (PAT) and reduced the escape latency for finding the platform in the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Administration of FCN significantly alleviated memory-associated decreases in cholinergic immunoreactivity and restored the expression level of BDNF and CREB mRNAs in the hippocampus. Additionally, FCN significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)mRNAs in the hippocampus. These results demonstrated that FCN has significant neuroprotective effects against neuronal impairment and memory dysfunction caused by scopolamine in rats. Thus, these findings suggest that FCN is useful as a therapeutic agent for improving cognitive functioning via stimulation of cholinergic enzyme activities and regulation of CREB and BDNF expressions in the brain.
Kim, Ki Rim,Chung, Tae Yong,Shin, Heungsop,Son, Sung Ho,Park, Kwang-Kyun,Choi, Jong-Hoon,Chung, Won-Yoon Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2010 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.33 No.4
<P>Ginseng, the root of <I>Panax ginseng</I> C. A. M<SMALL>EYER</SMALL>, has been used as a food product and medicinal ingredient. In this study, we assessed the anti-arthritic effects of red ginseng saponin extract (RGSE), including ginsenosides Rg3, Rk1 and Rg5 as major components, on a murine type II collagen (CII)-induced arthritis (CIA), which is a valid animal model of human arthritis. Oral administration of RGSE at 10 mg/kg reduced the clinical arthritis score and paw swelling in the CIA mice, and inhibited joint space narrowing and histological arthritis, illustrating the severity of synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, pannus formation, and erosion of cartilage. RGSE inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and nitrotyrosine formation, and recovered the expression of superoxide dismutase in the joints of the CIA mice. Orally administered RGSE also reduced the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in the CIA mice. CII- or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cytokine production, in addition to CII-specific proliferation, was reduced in the spleen cells of the RGSE-treated CIA mice, as compared with those from vehicle-treated CIA mice. Furthermore, RGSE administration protected against CIA-induced oxidative tissue damage by restoring the increased malondialdehyde levels and the decreased glutathione levels and catalase activities almost to control levels. Therefore, RGSE may be a beneficial supplement which can improve human arthritis.</P>
Hairy Root Cultures of Taxus cuspidata for Enhanced Production of Paclitaxel
Jung A Kim,백광현,Young Mi Son,Sung Ho Son,Heungsop Shin 한국응용생명화학회 2009 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.52 No.2
Hairy root cultures were established by transforming seedlings of Taxus cuspidata Sieb. Et Zucc (Korean yew) using Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Initially, 107 lines of hairy roots were induced by infection with 3 strains of Agrobacterium (R1000, A4, and 15384), however, only three lines generated from the R1000 strain were stably grown on hormone-free media over 10 months of successive cultures. These lines were designated as RC11104, RC11105 and RC11106. The hairy root line RC 11106 was selected for further experiments for taxol production based on its growth properties. Upon methyl jasmonate treatment, the RC11106 line accumulated 52.5 mg/L of taxol over 2 weeks of incubation at a 20-L culture scale.