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Mantha, Kameswara Bharadwaj,McIntosh, Daniel H,Brennan, Ryan,Ferguson, Henry C,Kodra, Dritan,Newman, Jeffrey A,Rafelski, Marc,Somerville, Rachel S,Conselice, Christopher J,Cook, Joshua S,Hathi, Nimish Oxford University Press 2018 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.475 No.2
<P>The rate of major galaxy-galaxy merging is theoretically predicted to steadily increase with redshift during the peak epoch of massive galaxy development (1 <= z <= 3). We use close-pair statistics to objectively study the incidence of massive galaxies (stellar M1 > 2 x 10(10)M(circle dot)) hosting major companions (1 <= M-1/M-2 <= 4; i.e. <4: 1) at six epochs spanning 0 < z < 3. We select companions from a nearly complete, mass-limited (>= 5 x 10(9)M(circle dot)) sample of 23 696 galaxies in the five Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey fields and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Using 5-50 kpc projected separation and close redshift proximity criteria, we find that the major companion fraction f(mc)(z) based on stellar mass-ratio (MR) selection increases from 6 per cent (z similar to 0) to 16 per cent (z similar to 0.8), then turns over at z similar to 1 and decreases to 7 per cent (z similar to 3). Instead, if we use a major F160W flux-ratio (FR) selection, we find that f(mc)(z) increases steadily until z similar to 3 owing to increasing contamination from minor (MR > 4: 1) companions at z > 1. We show that these evolutionary trends are statistically robust to changes in companion proximity. We find disagreements between published results are resolved when selection criteria are closely matched. If we compute merger rates using constant fraction-to-rate conversion factors (C-merg,C-pair = 0.6 and T-obs,T-pair = 0.65 Gyr), we find that MR rates disagree with theoretical predictions at z > 1.5. Instead, if we use an evolving T-obs,T-pair(z) alpha (1 + z)- 2 from Snyder et al., our MR-based rates agree with theory at 0 < z < 3. Our analysis underscores the need for detailed calibration of C-merg,C-pair and T-obs,T-pair as a function of redshift, mass, and companion selection criteria to better constrain the empirical major merger history.</P>
Choi, M.Y.,Mochizuki, A.,Henry, C.S. 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.2
Chrysoperla nipponensis s. lat. were collected as eggs or adults at five sites in Korea, and larvae were purchased from a Korean insectary (Osang-Kinsect Co.). A minimum of five complete courtship songs (= shortest repeated units or SRUs, the phrase exchanged between partners while duetting) of each specimen of C. nipponensis s. lat. were digitally recorded and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was analyzed, confirming that both cryptic species, types A and B, live in Korea. Within a population of C. nipponensis s. lat. sold by a commercial insectary in Korea, individuals whose larval head markings are type A, but whose mitochondrial sequence is type B were found. We also demonstrated that although most individuals derived from the commercial insectary had type A songs, several produced songs exhibiting key elements from type B, suggesting that mixture of the two species at the time the colony was established, or possibly later.
Transforming Representations of Intangible Heritage at Iziko (National) Museums, South Africa
Henry C. Jatti Bredekamp 국립민속박물관 2006 International Journal of Intangible Heritage Vol.1 No.-
The article is about the dilemma of transforming fiveformer national museums in South Africa into oneamalgamated heritage institution subscribing to a postapartheidnational agenda and UNESCO’s broad definitionof intangible heritage. By way of introduction it situates theintangible heritage discourse in the country against thebackdrop of a transformation process initiated after 1994,which led, inter alia, to the formation of Iziko Museums byan Act of Parliament. The larger part of the paper isdevoted to the question of the extent to which IzikoMuseums can regard its inherited collections (from 1825)in the Social History, Natural History and Art Collectionsfunctional units - representing the various domains ofexpressions of living cultural heritage - as genuinerepresentations of intangible heritage from the Cape toCairo and beyond.
Hilary C. Umeokeke,Henry N. Amaeze,Friday O. Ehiguese,Olusola O. Ogunfeitimi,Evelyn T. Soriwei,Suuru A. Labinjo 환경독성보건학회 2022 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.37 No.2
Pesticides notwithstanding their benefits in agriculture pose threats to non-target fauna such as amphibians. This study examined the avoidance responses of tadpoles of the African common toad, Amietophrynus regularis, exposed to Dichlorvos and Paraquat under a non-forced multi-compartmented exposure system (NFS) and estimated the Population Immediate Decline (PID) by integrating avoidance and lethal responses. The NFS was designed to allow the free movement of tadpoles across six compartments in order to elucidate the ability of aquatic organisms to detect and potentially avoid contaminated environments at will. The tadpoles (n=3 per compartment/concentration; 18 per system) were exposed to gradients of Dichlorvos (0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L) and Paraquat (0, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0 mg/L) in quadruplicates with their distribution recorded every 20 mins for 3 h. 48 h acute toxicity tests under forced exposure system (FS) was performed using the same range of concentrations. Acute toxicity (48 h) response in the FS tests was dose dependent with LC50 values of 0.79 mg/L and 6.46 mg/L recorded for Dichlorvos and Paraquat, respectively. The mean percentage distribution of tadpoles recorded for Dichlorvos and Paraquat was about 11% and 0% in the highest concentrations (2.0 and 20.0 mg/L) to 58% and 69% in compartments with no contaminants (control), respectively. PID was primarily driven by avoidance responses rather than mortality. These findings are of conservation interest as it elucidates the potential of both pesticides to impair local distribution of amphibians and cause biodiversity loss.
Fadamiro, Henry Y.,Cosse, Allard A.,Baker, Thomas C. Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1999 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.2 No.2
We investigated the potential of disrupting pheromone-mediated mating communication in European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis(Hubner). The female sex pheromone, a blend of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and (E)-11-tetraecenyl acetate and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate in a ratio of~97:3 was released from two dispenser types and in two deployment patterns, a Shin-Etsu rope of formulation spaced 2m apart and a widely-spaced(35m) pattern using a controlled release system called the Metered Semiochemical Timed Release System (${MSTRS}^{TM}$). Both dispensers were situated in grassy sites that constitute aggregation areas for O. nubilalis mating activity within and around cornfields at three different locations in Iowa. Pheromone-emission rate (after 7 days in the field) from the ${MSTRS}^{TM}$(6.09$\mu\textrm{g}$/min) was ca. 26 times greater than from the rope formulation (0.23 $\mu\textrm{g}$/min). Both dispensers during both first and second flights achieved a significant level of disruption of pheromone-source location(averaging 97%). More importantly, a significant level of mating disruption was achieved, as measured by the frequency of mating by free-flying feral females. The mean number of matings, as measured by spermatophores, per first generation female was 1.33 in the $MSTRS^{TM}$ plots and 1.58 in the rope plots, compared with 1.88 in untreated check plots. During the second flight, the number of matings per female averaged 1.63 in the $MSTRS^{TM}$ plots, 1.56 in the rope plots and 2.17 in untreated check plots. There was also a significant reduction in the proportion of females that mated at least once during both flights in $MSTRS^{TM}$ plots. During the first flight, 17 and 10% fewer females mated in the $MSTRS^{TM}$-treated and rope-treated fields, respectively. A similar level of disruption was also achieved during the second flight.