Terpenoid 함유 식물 추출물의 첨가가 반추위 발효와 메탄 발생에 미치는 영향

황희순,하동욱,이수경,이일동,이신자,이성실,Hwang, Hee-Soon,Ha, Dong-Uk,Lee, Su-Kyoung,Lee, Il-Dong,Lee, Shin-Ja,Lee, Sung-Sill 한국유기농업학회 2013 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.21 No.4

본 연구는 Terpenoid 함유 식물 추출물을 이용하여 in vitro 반추위 발효성상 및 메탄생성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 반추위액은 티머시(timothy)와 농후사료를 6:4의 비율로 급여한 반추위 cannula가 시술된 한우 암소에서 채취하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 식물추출물은 박하(Mint), 소나무(Pine), 삼나무(Japan cedar), 초피나무(Sichuan pepper), 편백(Hinoki cypress) 그리고 해송(Japanese black pine)을 사용하였으며, 반추위액과 McDougall buffer를 1:2의 비율로 혼합한 배양액을 0.3g 티머시와 식물 추출물(기질의 5%)이 담긴 50ml serum bottle에 혐기상태로 15ml를 분주하였다. Serum bottle은 $39^{\circ}C$, 150rpm으로 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 및 72시간 동안 배양하였다. 실험 결과 pH 값은 점점 감소하였으며, 전 배양시간에 걸쳐 대조구보다 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았다. 건물 소화율은 배양 3시간대는 Mint 처리구만 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았으나, 이후 24시간까지 모든 처리구에서 유의성이 없었다. 총 가스발생량은 전 처리구에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮았으며, 이산화탄소 발생량은 배양 12시간대까지 감소하였으나, 그 이후는 유의적 차이가 없었다. 메탄 발생량의 경우 24시간대에 대조구에 비해 모든 첨가구에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 감소하였다. 미생물 성장량은 첨가구에 따라 각각 다른 양상을 나타냈으나 24시간대는 모든 처리구에서 유의적(p<0.05)으로 성장량이 감소하였다. 암모니아 측정량은 배양 12시간부터 첨가구에서 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 72시간대는 감소하였다. acetic acid 및 propionic acid도 대조구보다 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 본 실험에 사용한 Terpenoid 함유 식물 추출물 6종 모두 소화율에 영향을 미치지 않으며 메탄저감 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 Mint 및 Pine 추출물은 총 VFA, acetic acid 및 propionic acid의 생성을 증가시켰으며 상기의 결과를 종합하였을 때, 반추위 발효성상에 악영향을 미치지 않으며 메탄 발생을 저감하는 식물 추출물로는 Mint 및 Pine이 적합하다고 생각된다. This study was conducted to investigate effects of terpenoids-rich plant extracts (TRPE) on the in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane production. The ruminal fluid was collected from a cannulated Hanwoo cow fed concentrate and timothy in the ratio of 6 to 4. The TRPE as Mint (Mentha arvensis var. piperascens), Pine (Pinus densiflora), Japan cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum), Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtuse) and Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii) were used in this study. The 15 mL of mixture, contains McDougall buffer and rumen fluid in the ratio of 2 to 1. The mixture was dispensed anaerobically 50 mL serum bottles and it is contained 0.3 g timothy substrate and 5% TRPE. The bottles were incubated at $39^{\circ}C$ for 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The pH value decrease by increased incubation times and the pH values at all times were significantly (p<0.05) higher in treatments than in control. The digestibility of dry matter at 3 hours was significantly (p<0.05) higher in mint treatment than in control. Productions of total gas and carbon dioxide at before 12 hours was significantly lower (p<0.05) in treatments than in control. The methane production at 24 hours was significantly (p<0.05) lower in treatments than in control. The concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid at 24 hours were significantly higher (p<0.05) in mint and pine treatments than in control. In conclusion, the terpenoid-rich plant extracts were shown to decreased methane emission and without adversely affected ruminal fermentation. Therefore, the terpenoid-rich plant extracts as mint and pine were shown to decreased methane production and it has potential possibility for ruminal fermentations.

조선초기 원조(元朝) 인식과 화이론

황희순 ( Hwang Hee-soon ) 수선사학회 2018 史林 Vol.0 No.66

This study aims at figuring out changes in Sino-barbarianism (華夷論, The theory that distinguishes China and Barbarian) through analyzing the changes in recognition of the Yuan Dynasty in the Early Joseon Dynasty. After foundation of Joseon, intellectuals still maintained Sino-barbarianism of the late Goryeo dynasty that focused on the situation and the culture. King Sejong(世宗, 1418-1450) emphasized Yonghabyeoni(用夏變夷) characteristics of former foreign dynasties to establish position of Joseon second to China. Therefore the Yuan dynasty could maintain legitimacy during the reign of King Sejong. During the reign of King Sejo(世祖, 1455-1468), race-oriented Sino-barbarianism was magnified based on intensified study of Zhu Xi(朱熹, 1130-1200) and Master Hu’s tradition of the Spring and Autumn Annals(春秋胡氏傳). Therefore race-oriented Sino-barbarianism and former Sino-barbarianism existed together during the reign of King Sejo. During the reign of King Seongjong(成宗, 1469-1494), race-oriented Sinobarbarianism was streng Confucian scholars led by Kim Jong-jik(金宗直, 1431-1492) despised the Yuan Dynasty as a foreign dynasty and denied its legitimacy with calling it barbarian Yuan(胡元). Therefore the changes in recognition of the Yuan dynasty in the Early Joseon dynasty shows how ideological trends of the late Goryeo dynasty were changing in Joseon.

Effects of Halogenated Compounds on in vitro Fermentation Characteristics in the Rumen and Methane Emissions

Hee Soon Hwang(황희순),Ji Un Ok(옥지운),Shin Ja Lee(이신자),Gyo Moon Chu(추교문),kyoung Hoon Kim(김경훈),Young Kyoon Oh(오영균),Sang Suk Lee(이상석),Sung Sill Lee(이성실) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.9

본 연구는 할로겐 화합물의 첨가가 in vitro 상의 반추위 발효성상과 메탄생성에 미치는 영향에 대한 효과를 규명하고자 실시하였다. Italian rye grass 및 배합사료를 6:4의 비율로 급여한 반추위 cannula가 시술된 홀스타인에서 반추위액을 채취하여 사용하였고, 채취된 반추위액은 분쇄된 timothy (대조구; C)에 bromochloromethane (BCM구), 2-Bromoethanesulfonic acid (BES구), 3-Bromopropanesulfonic acid (BPS구), chloroform (CLF구) 및 Pyromellitic diimide (PMDI구)의 5가지 할로겐 화합물을 각각 1 ppm씩 첨가하여 in vitro 배양하였다. pH는 6.72 에서 6.25 정도로 배양시간이 경과함에 따라 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었고, 배양 48시간에는 처리구간 차이가 없었다. 배양 48시간 후의 총 가스 발생량은 처리구간 유의적인(p<0.05) 차이는 없었고, BPS구를 제외한 모든 처리구 에서의 메탄 발생량은 대조구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 감소하였다. 배양 12시간에서의 총 휘발성 지방산 및 propionic acid의 발생량은 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았다. 본 실험의 결과, 할로겐 화합물의 첨가는 반추위 내의 pH, 건물 소화율, 미생물 수 및 총 가스 발생량의 발효 성상에는 영향을 주지 않으면서 메탄의 발생량이 감소 되었다. 실험 결과를 종합해 보면, 할로겐 화합물 첨가는 반추위 내 pH, 가스 발생량, 반추위 미생물 성장량 및 propionic acid 모두 증가하였으며, 반추위내 메탄생성을 억제하였다. 앞으로 할로겐화합물과 다른 메탄억제 물질과 혼합하여 반추위 내 메탄생성 억제에 관한 구체적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of halogenated compounds on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and methane emissions. A fistulated Holstein cow of 650 kg body weight was used as a donor of rumen fluid. Five kinds of halogenated compounds (bromochloromethane (BCM), 2-bromoethane sulfonic acid (BES), 3-bromopropanesulfonic acid (BPS), chloroform (CLF), and pyromellitic diimide (PMDI) known to inhibit methyl-coenzyme M reductase activity were added to an in vitro fermentation incubated with rumen fluid. The microbial population including bacteria, protozoa, and fungi were enumerated, and gas production including methane and fermentation characteristics were observed in vitro. The pH values ranged from 6.25 to 6.72 in all the treatments, and these showed a similar level at 48 hr. The total gas production in the treatments showed a similar pattern with C at 48 hr, whereas methane production in the treatments was lower (p <0.05) than C. Concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and propionic acid were higher (p <0.05) in the treatments than in C at 12 hr. Therefore, halogenated compounds (BCM, BES, BPS, CLF, and PMDI) inhibited in vitro methane emissions by inhibiting methanogens in the rumen. Further studies on safety are needed.

지역이미지가 지역축제 성과와 방문객 만족에 미치는 영향 -2012한류드림페스티벌을 중심으로-

조태영 ( Tae Young Cho ),황희순 ( Hee Soon Hwang ) 대한관광경영학회 2014 觀光硏究 Vol.29 No.4

본 연구는 2012 한류드림페스티벌을 방문하는 방문객을 대상으로 하여 지역이미지와 축제성과, 방문객 만족을 통합적으로 파악하여 살펴봄으로써 보다 차별화된 지역축제를 개최하여 지역축제의 성과를 향상시키고 방문객 만족을 높이는데 기여할 수 있는 시사점을 제공하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 연구결과 첫째, 지역이미지 요인 중 사회자본 요인과 지역민 요인은 지역축제 성과 4개의 구성요인 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 야간요인과 자연요인, 문화이미지 요인은 부분적으로 유의하게 나타났다. 따라서 가설1은 부분 채택되었다. 둘째, 모든 지역이미지 요인은 방문객 만족에 통계적으로 유의하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 가설 2는 기각되었다. 셋째, 지역축제 성과 중 경제요인과 사회요인은 방문객 만족에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 문화요인과 관광요인은 통계적으로 유의하지 않게 나타났다. 따라서 가설3은 부분 채택되었다. 위와 같은 연구 결과를 토대로 지역축제를 개최하고자 하는 지방자치단체 및 기관 등에 지역이미지와 지역축제 성과, 방문객 만족을 통합적으로 고려한 전략적 시사점을 제시하고, 또한 향후 이루어질 지역이미지, 지역축제에 관한 연구를 위한 선행연구가 될 것이다. This study shows the integrative results of the regional image, festival performance, and visitors satisfaction to the 2012 Hallyu Dream Festival. It will, therefore, suggest the implications which contribute for making the regional festival differentiated, improving the festival performance and enhancing the visitors satisfaction. According to the study, First, Social capital and regional residents factors of the regional image which affect meaningfully all of the four festival performance factors. Night, nature, cultural image of the regional image factors partially have meaningful impact. Therefore, Hypothesis 1 is partially adopted. Second, all of the regional image factors don``t have significant causal impact on the festival performance statically. Therefore, Hypothesis 2 is rejected. Third, the economic and social factors of the festival performance have significant causal impact on the visitors satisfaction, but cultural and tour factors don``t have significant causal impact on statically. Therefore, Hypothesis 3 is adopted partially.

고등학교 가정교과에 대한 교사와 학생의 인식 및 요구도

황기아,황희순 동아대학교 생활과학연구소 2001 생활과학연구 논문집 Vol.9 No.-

The aims of this study are to present an efficient learning and a new direction of home economics by analysing the perception and the demand of home economics education in high school home economics teachers and students. For this purpose, data were collected from home economics teachers, girl students and boy students that finished of unfinished home economics in high school have given answers to classified questionnaire. The statistics of perception in home economics are given in frequency, percentage, X2 verification and that of demand are given in T-test and ANOVA. The major finding were as follows: Teacher's satisfaction of the 6th home economics curriculum is low and there is a meaningful difference(p<.01) in according to teacher's career because of their unsatisfaction of 6th home economics curriculum in itself, the unpractical educational contents in home economics curriculum in itself, the unpractical educational contents in home economics and the huge learning contents resulted from the decrease of school hours and there is a meaningful difference(p<.05) in according to teacher's career. Teacher's perception of the practical exercises is high and there is a meaningful difference(p<.01) in according to teacher's career. The measure of test standard is also reasonable by teacher's debares. But teachers are difficulty in performing the practical exercise and evaluation because of a lot of students. The difficulty in the practical exercise and running subject is the lack of understanding of educational administer and other subject is the lack of understanding of educational administer and other subject is the lack of understanding of educational administer and other subject teachers and there is a meaningful difference(p<.05) in according to teacher's career. As the students have the traditional perception with stress on the technical side for the education of home economics is useful for their practical life. But the degrees of their thoughts are low and there is a meaningful difference of perception(p<.05) between teacher and student. The perception towards the necessity of home economics education for boy student is high to students and teacher. Especially the perception towards the necessity of home economics education for boy student is high to teachers and girl students. Among boy students, finished boy student's perceptions are higher than unfinished boy students's one. So there is a meaningful difference(p<.001) among the group. In the field demand of home economic, the field demand of children's development is first and the field demand of clothing is the lowest. There is a meaningful difference(p<.05) in the field of food life according to teacher's career. we can find the meaningful difference(p<.01) in the field of housing. In the demand of home economics content, teacher's demand is family health and nutrition, the demand of girl student and finished boy student is pregnancy and birth, demand of unfinished boy student is the form of family and the planning of life.