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일부 흡연 대학생의 지각된 스트레스와 흡연실태에 대한 상관관계 연구
강초록,권시내,권혜림,박수경,송인혜,오해인,이미지,한승아,황선아,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37
In spite of the seriousness of smoking harm has been developed these days. the increase of national smoking rate and that the people in the twenties are especially leading the rise of national smoking rate is an important issue of national health. Smoking of the university students can occur health problem and cause loss of manpower and expenses in their social activity period. So then the actual state for prevention of smoking and development of a program to prohibit smoking has to be seized urgently and starting with the study of the realities of university students, the effort to find a related fluent of smoking has to be studied. Related to this, the purpose of this study is to seize the general characteristics of smoking university students and to find out the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students. In addition, by collating the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students we have the purpose to furnish the basal data of stress care, the best way to cope with stress through group training and the plan for nursing implementation to decrease the smoking rate. For this study, a survey was conducted for 204 smoking university students of 13 universities in Seoul from 9th of May to 16th of May, 2003. The collected data was analyzed by t-test, Pearson Correlation and ANOVA in the statistical packages SPSS/PC. Major findings of this study are as follows; 1. Of the 204 respondents 85.4% of them were male and 14.6% of them were female. The average age of the sample was 23.19 years old and 41.8% of them were in senior, 21.4% in junior, 16.9% in sophomore, 19.9% in freshman grade. The major motivation to start smoking was 'because of curiosity'(33.8%) and the first smoking experience was at 'senior high school' (41.9%) and at 'college' (41.9%). 2 The highest scored stress factor of smoking university students were stresses about school work. 3. 72.7% had experience to quit smoking at least one or more times. Most of the reason to keep on smoking was 'short will to quit'(51.0%) and the smoking place was usually at 'school' (41.4%). Most respondents for the number ofsmoking friends were '5 people and above' (73.2%). 4. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire perceived stress, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the perceived stress in 4 categories which is 'sex distinction', 'major of study', 'residence form' and' inmate'. 5. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire smoking status, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the smoking status in 2 categories which is 'presence of hobby' and 'number of smoking friends'. 6. There was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status. Through this study we have seized the relationship between the general characteristics, perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. There was a positive relationship between some of the general characteristics with the perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. Also there was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status.
포도 ‘거봉’ 품질에 미치는 토양이화학성의 상대적 기여도
김승희(Seung-Heui Kim),최인명(In-Myung Choi),한점화(Jeom-Wha Han),조정건(Jung-Gun Cho),박서준(Seo-Jun Park),임태준(Tae-Jun Lim),윤해근(Hea-Keun Yun) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.6
Detail management standard on soil conditions in ‘Kyoho’ grapes were not yet made. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the optimum soil environmental conditions on production of high fruit quality in ‘Kyoho’ grapes. We established using correlation between fruit quality and soil condition. These results were used to develop soil management guideline with promoting efficiency and minuteness in grape vineyard. Soil conditions were analyzed at total 80 vineyards in major grape producing areas such as Ansung, and Cheonan (40 orchards an area). The soil environmental factors affected fruit weight were soil pH of 36.6%, cultivation layer depth of 23.3%, and cation of 17.8%. The soil condition factors affected sugar content were soil hardness of 24.4%, cation of 24.1% and organic matter content of 22.1%. Cultivation layer depth, soil texture, and phosphate content were low as relative contribution. Coloring was involved with organic matter content, CEC (cation exchange capacity), and saturated hydraulic conductivity. while soil pH, cultivation layer depth, and phosphate content showed low contribution. Finally, relative contribution on fruit quality related with sugar content, fruit weight, and coloring were soil hardness of 28.0%, organic matter content of 25.0%, soil pH of 12.9%.
HBV : The Fate of Chronic Hepatitis B in the Era of Antiviral Therapy
( Yoon Hea Park ),( Beom Kyung Kim ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Seung Up Kim ),( Do Young Kim ),( Ja Kyung Kim ),( Kwan Sik Lee ),( Kwang Hyub Han ),( Chae Yoon Chon ),( Sang Hoon Ahn ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), either of which can lead to a liver-related death. The progression of liver disease in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is fostered by active virus replication. Recently, antiviral therapy with minimal side effects have become available to achieve sustained suppression of HBV replication, thereby preventing cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and, ultimately, HCC. The aim of this study is to reappraise the clinical courses regarding disease progression in the era of antiviral therapy for Korean CHB patients who were potential candidates for antiviral therapy. Methods: Between 2001 and 2005, treatment-naive CHB patients without cirrhosis were enrolled and followed-up for at least 5years. During follow-up period, patients have received antiviral therapy according to the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver guideline, if indicated. Ultrasonography and laboratory assessment were performed regularly. Primary endpoints were development of cirrhosis, or hepatic decompensation, HCC, or liver-related deaths, which were examined using Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Of 360 patients, 323 (89.7%) received antiviral therapy such as lamivudine (70.6%), entecavir (8.7%), or telbivudine (6.5%). During a median follow-up period of 94 months, cirrhosis developed in 29 (8.1%) patients, hepatic decompensation in 4 (1.1%) patients, and HCC in 15 (4.2%) patients. The annual incidence of cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and HCC were 1.05%, 0.14%, and 0.53% per person-year, respectively. Age was an independent prognostic factor for developing cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR] 1.075; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.037-1.116), whereas those for developing HCC were age (HR 1.060, 95% CI 1.012-1.111) and progression to cirrhosis (HR 17.470, 95% CI 5.081-60.063). Conclusions: In the era of antiviral therapy, the overall clinical courses of patients with CHB in Korea have been much improved since the introduction of lamivudine in 1999. However, older age and cirrhosis still remain risk factors for HCC.
사과 ‘후지’ 품종의 품질에 미치는 토양이화학성의 상대적 기여도
김승희(Seung-Heui Kim),최인명(In-Myung Choi),한점화(Jeom-Wha Han),조정건(Jung-Gun Cho),손인창(In-Chang Son),임태준(Tae-Jun Lim),윤해근(Hea-Keun Yun) 韓國土壤肥料學會 2011 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.44 No.5
The management standard on soil conditions in ‘Fuji’ apple to produce high quality fruit were not yet made. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the optimum soil environmental conditions of ten contents on production of high quality fruit in ‘Fuji’ apple. The soil and fruit characteristics were analyzed at total 60 orchards in major apple producing areas such as Chungju, Moonkyeung, yeongju, andong, yeosan and yeongcheon (10 orchards an area). The soil environmental factors affected fruit weight was highest relative contribution in saturated hydraulic conductivity of 36.5%. The bulk density and soil pH were low as relative contribution. The fruit weight was influenced by soil physical properties more than soil chemical properties. The soil environmental factors affected sugar content were hydraulic conductivity of 28.3% and organic matter content of 18.2%. The cultivation layer depth and soil pH were low as relative contribution. The fruit coloring was highest relative contribution in saturated hydraulic conductivity 55.9%. while soil pH, cation and soil texture were low. Fruit coloring was high influenced over 70% by soil physical properties. Finally, relative contribution on fruit quality related with sugar content, fruit weight, and coloring were high influenced by saturated hydraulic conductivity of 21.% and organic matter content of 18.7% but bulk density and cultivation layer depth were low relative contribution. The fruit growth and saturated hydraulic conductivity in ‘Fuji’ apple were very closely related. Therefore, orchard soil management to produce high quality fruit was very importance drainage management and organic matter application. We concluded that scientific soil management is possible by qualifiable of soil management factors.
Ji Hea Bang,Jin Hyong Kang,Seung Han Kim,Jong-Jae Park,Beom Jae Lee,Moon Kyung Joo,Tae Sung Jeon 대한상부위장관ㆍ헬리코박터학회 2023 Korean Journal of Helicobacter Upper Gastrointesti Vol.23 No.3
The gastrointestinal tract is the most common extranodal site for lymphomas, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is the second most common histological lymphoma subtype. However, primary esophageal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas are extremely rare. Few such cases are documented, and the reports demonstrate inconsistent diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Herein, a 54-year-old man was referred to our hospital for treatment of dysphagia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a large, horseshoe-shaped subepithelial mass in the upper esophagus. Endoscopic ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed that the mass was well-demarcated and confined to the muscularis mucosa, with no abnormalities in other organs or lymph nodes. The mass was presumptively diagnosed as benign, and the patient underwent endoscopic mucosal dissection for pathological confirmation and symptom relief. Pathological examination of the dissection specimen revealed that it was a primary esophageal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. As the patient had an elevated immunoglobulin G level and Helicobacter pylori infection, we administered adjuvant eradication therapy. The patient remains under surveillance and is free of lymphoma recurrence 36 months postoperatively. This case report demonstrates that endoscopic resection and H. pylori eradication are effective treatment strategies for early-stage esophageal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.
조혜숙(Hea-suk Jo),전웅렬(Woong-ryul Jeon),정한재(Han-jae Jeong),이성진(Sung-jin Lee),유연정(Yeon-jung Yu),김승주(Seung-joo Kim),원동호(Dong-ho Won) 한국정보보호학회 2007 情報保護學會誌 Vol.17 No.6
미국, 독일 등 선진국을 중심으로 개발된 공통평가기준(Common Criteria, CC) 3.1이 공식 문서로 등재되어 2009년 9월부터는 기존의 CC v2.3을 완전히 대체할 것으로 예상됨에 따라 현재 우리나라 평가 완료된 CC v2.3 기반 보호프로파일은 CC 3.1 기반 보호프로파일로 개정이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문은 CC v2.3과 v3.1에서의 보호프로파일 요구사항을 비교 및 분석하고, 보안기능 및 보증요구사항의 평가업무량 및 제출물 작성수준을 분석한다. 이러한 미국, 영국, 캐나다, 프랑스, 네덜란드 등 선진국의 주도하에 개발되고 있는 CC v3.1에 대한 분석을 통하여 국제적으로 새롭게 정립되고 있는 평가기준 및 평가방법에 대한 기술을 확보할 수 있으며, 향후 CC v3.1에 의한 평가 기반을 마련하는데 기여 할 것이다.