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Nor-eddine Chouikh,Patrick Gillet,Mohamed Cheggour,Abdelmalek Maarouf,Youssef El Hachimi,Abdelaziz Mounir,Hassan Alahyane,Abdelfattah Mouabad 한국해양과학기술원 2022 Ocean science journal Vol.57 No.2
This study assessed, for the first time, the bioaccumulation of trace metals in the tissues of Sabellaria alveolata (Annelida: Polychaeta) collected from the Essaouira protected coastal area (Atlantic coast of Morocco), and examined the relationships between metal contents and some physico-chemical parameters of seawater. The biogenic reefs of S. alveolata were seasonally collected from April 2017 to February 2018, and physico-chemical parameters of seawater were measured. In the laboratory, dried and mineralized samples of S. alveolata were analysed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The physico-chemical parameters of seawater are within acceptable limits for survival, growth and metabolic activity of aquatic organisms, and metal concentrations in the tissues of S. alveolata showed decreasing levels in the order Fe > Al > Zn > Cu > Cd > Cr > Pb > Ag. Concentrations were lower than levels reported in other species of polychaetes in other Moroccan and world regions except for Al and Fe. Spatial and seasonal variations of metals were highly significant, with two essential periods of high concentrations: winter and summer. Cluster analysis showed that the studied sites, urbanized and non-urbanized, were similar except for one site (SK) that differs slightly from the others, probably due to the absence of real industrial activity coupled with the dilution of metals under the influence of hydrodynamic factors in this area. The analysis also showed that Al and Fe are derived from the same source, most likely related to continental inputs, and that Cd, Cr and Cu are derived from another source which is more urban than continental while Zn maintains a dual origin, both continental and urban. Assessment of the pollution gradient, via calculation of metal contamination index (IcSx), revealed that the Essaouira protected coastal area is less polluted compared with other coastal areas of Morocco.
Horcajada, Patricia,Chalati, Tamim,Serre, Christian,Gillet, Brigitte,Sebrie, Catherine,Baati, Tarek,Eubank, Jarrod F.,Heurtaux, Daniela,Clayette, Pascal,Kreuz, Christine,Chang, Jong-San,Hwang, Young K Nature Publishing Group 2010 NATURE MATERIALS Vol.9 No.2
In the domain of health, one important challenge is the efficient delivery of drugs in the body using non-toxic nanocarriers. Most of the existing carrier materials show poor drug loading (usually less than 5 wt% of the transported drug versus the carrier material) and/or rapid release of the proportion of the drug that is simply adsorbed (or anchored) at the external surface of the nanocarrier. In this context, porous hybrid solids, with the ability to tune their structures and porosities for better drug interactions and high loadings, are well suited to serve as nanocarriers for delivery and imaging applications. Here we show that specific non-toxic porous iron(III)-based metal–organic frameworks with engineered cores and surfaces, as well as imaging properties, function as superior nanocarriers for efficient controlled delivery of challenging antitumoural and retroviral drugs (that is, busulfan, azidothymidine triphosphate, doxorubicin or cidofovir) against cancer and AIDS. In addition to their high loadings, they also potentially associate therapeutics and diagnostics, thus opening the way for theranostics, or personalized patient treatments.
Ciregia Federica,Deroyer Céline,Cobraiville Gaël,Plener Zelda,Malaise Olivier,Gillet Philippe,Fillet Marianne,Malaise Michel G.,de Seny Dominique 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-
Osteoarthritis is characterized by structural alteration of joints. Fibrosis of the synovial tissue is often detected and considered one of the main causes of joint stiffness and pain. In our earlier proteomic study, increased levels of vitronectin (VTN) fragment (amino acids 381–397) were observed in the serum of osteoarthritis patients. In this work, the affinity of this fragment for integrins and its putative role in TGF-β1 activation were investigated. A competition study determined the interaction of VTN (381–397 a.a.) with α V β 6 integrin. Subsequently, the presence of α V β 6 integrin was substantiated on primary human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) by western blot and flow cytometry. By immunohistochemistry, β 6 was detected in synovial membranes, and its expression showed a correlation with tissue fibrosis. Moreover, β 6 expression was increased under TGF-β1 stimulation; hence, a TGF-β bioassay was applied. We observed that α V β 6 could mediate TGF-β1 bioavailability and that VTN (381–397 a.a.) could prevent TGF-β1 activation by interacting with α V β 6 in human FLSs and increased α-SMA. Finally, we analyzed serum samples from healthy controls and patients with osteoarthritis and other rheumatic diseases by nano-LC/Chip MS–MS, confirming the increased expression of VTN (381–397 a.a.) in osteoarthritis as well as in lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. These findings corroborate our previous observations concerning the overexpression of VTN (381–397 a.a.) in osteoarthritis but also in other rheumatic diseases. This fragment interacts with α V β 6 integrin, a receptor whose expression is increased in FLSs from the osteoarthritic synovial membrane and that can mediate the activation of the TGF-β1 precursor in human FLSs.
Antiviral Effect of Retro-2.1 against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 In Vitro
( Wenwen Dai ),( Yu Wu ),( Jinpeng Bi ),( Jingyu Wang ),( Shuai Wang ),( Wei Kong ),( Julien Barbier ),( Jean-christophe Cintrat ),( Feng Gao ),( Zhengran Jiang ),( Daniel Gillet ),( Weiheng Su ),( Ch 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.6
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection has been a public health concern worldwide. It is the leading cause of genital herpes and a contributing factor to cervical cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. No vaccine is available yet for the treatment of HSV-2 infection, and routinely used synthetic nucleoside analogs have led to the emergence of drug resistance. The small molecule Retro-2<sup>cycl</sup> has been reported to be active against several pathogens by acting on intracellular vesicle transport, which also participates in the HSV-2 lifecycle. Here, we showed that Retro-2.1, which is an optimized, more potent derivative of Retro-2<sup>cycl</sup>, could inhibit HSV-2 infection, with 50% inhibitory concentrations of 5.58 μM and 6.35 μM in cytopathic effect inhibition and plaque reduction assays, respectively. The cytotoxicity of Retro-2.1 was relatively low, with a 50% cytotoxicity concentration of 116.5 μM. We also preliminarily identified that Retro-2.1 exerted the antiviral effect against HSV-2 by a dual mechanism of action on virus entry and late stages of infection. Therefore, our study for the first time demonstrated Retro-2.1 as an effective antiviral agent against HSV-2 in vitro with targets distinct from those of nucleoside analogs.