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Seong, Giyong,Lee, Jin-Sol,Lee, Kyung-Hyun,Choi, Kyoung-Seong Springer-Verlag 2016 Archives of virology Vol.161 No.2
<P>Here, we infected mice with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (cp BVDV1) by oral inoculation and investigated the effects of infection by histopathological, immunohistochemical (IHC), hematological methods. Twelve mice were infected, and samples were obtained at day 2, 5, and 9 postinfection (pi). Most of the infected mice exhibited clinical signs of illness such as reduced movement, crouching, loose feces, loss of appetite, and reduced water intake. Blood samples from six mice were positive for BVDV based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Blood analysis also revealed thrombocytopenia and lymphopenia. Viral antigens were detected in the spleen (12/12), bone marrow (12/12), and/or mesenteric lymph nodes (4/12) of all infected mice by IHC analysis. The spleens showed significant histopathological changes including (i) substantially increased numbers of megakaryocytes, (ii) lymphocyte depletion, and (iii) hemorrhages. The bone marrow also had an increased number of megakaryocytes, although this increase was not as strong as it was in the spleen. Severe lymphoid depletion was observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Viral infections were present in the lymphocytes but not detected in megakaryocytes of the spleen, bone marrow, or mesenteric lymph nodes. These results suggest that the increased numbers of megakaryocytes may be a direct result of BVDV infection. BVDV infection in mice following oral inoculation of cp BVDV1 leads to megakaryopoiesis in the spleen and bone marrow to replenish the platelets.</P>
고분자 전해질형 연료전지(PEFC) 가스확산층의 이방성이 열 및 물관리에 미치는 영향에 대한 수치적 연구
이기용(Giyong Lee),최용준(Yongjun Choi),주현철(Hyunchul Ju) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2009 No.11
The goal of this paper is to numerically investigate the effects of gas-diffusion layer(GDL) anisotropy and the spatial variation of contact resistance between GDLs and catalyst layers(CLs) on water and heat transfer in polymer electrolyte fuel cells(PEFCs). A three-dimensional, two-phase, numerical PEFC model is employed to capture the transport phenomena inside the cell. The model is applied to a two-dimensional cross-sectional PEFC geometry with regard to the in-plane and through-plane directions. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of various key parameters. The parameters include through-plane and in-plane GDL thermal conductivities, operating current densities, electronics and thermal contact resistance. The simulation results clearly demonstrate that GDL anisotropy and the spatial variation of GDL/CL contact resistance have a strong impact on thermal and two-phase transport characteristics in a PEFC by significantly altering the temperature, water and membrane current density distributes to the identification of optimum water and thermal management strategies of a PEFC based on realistic anisotropic GDL and contact resistance variation inside a cell.
실험동물 랫드를 이용한 미세먼지 기도노출에 따른 호흡기계 독성에 대한 마늘의 예방효과 탐색
이윤범(YoonBum Lee),김근우(GeunWoo Kim),송영민(YoungMin Song),한영훈(YoungHoon Han),하창수(ChangSu Ha),이지선(JiSun Lee),김민희(MinHee Kim),손혜영(HyeYoung Son),이기용(GiYong Lee),허 용(Yong Heo),김창열(ChangYul Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2020 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.46 No.6
Objectives: Exposure to fine dust (PM10) could contribute to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease or respiratory abnormalities. Since garlic is known to possess an anti-oxidative stress effect, the present study was performed to evaluate the effect of garlic intake on fine dust-mediated pulmonary toxicity. Methods: Rats were intratracheally instilled with fine dust at 15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day for five days following five-day intragastric intubation of garlic at 0.7 or 1.4 g/kgBW/day, or 13.1 mg/kgBW/day S-allyl-cysteine (SAC) as a reference component in garlic. Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. Results: Deposit of fine dust was visually and histopathologically observed in the lungs. Body weight gain during the instillation period was significantly lowered in all the groups instilled with fine dust. Neutrophil numbers in blood were significantly elevated in the fine dust alone group, but this alteration was diminished in the groups administered with garlic. Levels of serum glutathione were lower in the rats instilled with fine dust alone, and this decrease in the glutathione level seems dose-dependently compensated among the groups administered with garlic. Similar findings were observed in the BALF with statistical significance. Typical pulmonary histopathological observation related with inflammation was demonstrated in the lungs of the rats exposed to fine dust alone, whereas such histopathologic findings were not improved in the groups administered with garlic. Conclusion: The present study suggests that garlic intake could alleviate fine dust-mediated pulmonary or systemic toxicities. Further investigation is necessary to delineate the mechanism of garlic-mediated effects on pulmonary function.
Jung Hae Rim,Oh Yumi,Jang Dongjun,Shin Seungjae,Lee Soojin,Kim Jiwon,Lee Sang Eun,Oh Jaeik,Jang Giyong,Kwon Obin,Lee Yeonmi,Lee Hui-Young,Cho Sung-Yup 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.1
Background Gut microbiota provide numerous types of metabolites that humans cannot produce and have a huge influence on the host metabolism. Accordingly, gut bacteria-derived metabolites can be employed as a resource to develop anti-obesity and metabolism-modulating drugs. Objective This study aimed to examine the anti-adipogenic effect of 3-phenylpropionylglycine (PPG), which is a glycine conjugate of bacteria-derived 3-phenylpropionic acid (PPA). Methods The effect of PPG on preadipocyte-to-adipocyte differentiation was evaluated in 3T3-L1 differentiation models and the degree of the differentiation was estimated by Oil red O staining. The molecular mechanisms of the PPG effect were investigated with transcriptome analyses using RNA-sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR. Results PPG suppressed lipid droplet accumulation during the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, which is attributed to down-regulation of lipogenic genes such as acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 (Acc1) and fatty acid synthase (Fasn). However, other chemicals with chemical structures similar to PPG, including cinnamoylglycine and hippuric acid, had little effect on the lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells. In transcriptomic analysis, PPG suppressed the expression of adipogenesis and metabolism-related gene sets, which is highly associated with downregulation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Protein-protein association network analysis suggested adiponectin as a hub gene in the network of genes that were differentially expressed genes in response to PPG treatment. Conclusion PPG inhibits preadipocyte-to-adipocyte differentiation by suppressing the adiponectin-PPAR pathway. These data provide a potential candidate from bacteria-derived metabolites with anti-adipogenic effects.
Detection of Anaplasma sp. in Korean Native Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) on Jeju Island, Korea
Giyong Seong,Yu-Jung Han,Jeong- Byoung Chae,Joon-Seok Chae,Do-Hyeon Yu,Young-Sung Lee,Jinho Park,Bae-Keun Park,Jae-Gyu Yoo,Kyoung-Seong Choi 대한기생충학열대의학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.53 No.6
Anaplasma species are obligate intracellular pathogens that can cause tick-borne diseases in mammalian hosts. To date, very few studies of their occurrence in Korean native goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) have been reported. In the present study, we investigated Anaplasma infection of Korean native goats on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, and performed phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Our results showed that Anaplasma infection was found mostly in adult female goats. The phylogenetic tree revealed that the 7 sequences identified in Korean native goats could belong to Anaplasma sp. and were distinct from A. marginale, A. centrale, and A. ovis. The results indicated that the sequences identified to belong to Anaplasma were closely related to sequences isolated from goats in China and were clustered within the same group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to detect Anaplasma sp. infection in Korean native goats.