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Xi, P.B.,Yi, G.F.,Lin, Y.C.,Zheng, C.T.,Jiang, Z.Y.,Vazquez-Anon, M.,Song, G.L.,Knight, C.D. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.6
A total of 1,200 LinNan Chinese color-feathered chicks were used to study the effects of methionine source [DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthio-butanoic acid (HMTBa) or DL-methionine (DLM)] and dietary crude protein (CP) level on growth performance, carcass traits, and whole-body nitrogen and fat retention. The trial was designed as a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement, including two CP levels (adequate and low) and two methionine sources (HMTBa and DL-methionine). Diets were formulated for three phases, starter (0-21 d), grower (21-42 d), and finisher (42-63 d). Chicks fed HMTBa had higher daily gain and improved feed efficiency than DLM during the grower phase (p<0.05). A significant two-way interaction was observed for growth performance during the finisher phase and overall (0-63 d). Growth performance was greater for chicks fed HMTBa than DLM on adequate-CP diets (p<0.05), but this was not observed at low-CP level (p>0.05). Chicks fed low-CP diets grew slower, used feed less efficiently during the grower, finisher phase and overall. On d 42, regardless of dietary CP levels, birds fed HMTBa had higher carcass weights, breast and thigh weights than DLM-fed birds (p<0.04). Birds fed low-CP diet had lighter carcass weights and less breast muscle, thigh muscle, and dressing percentage at the end of starter, grower and finisher phases (p<0.05). Whole body composition analyses found that birds fed HMTBa tended to contain more protein and less fat compared to those chicks fed DLM at the end of the starter phase (p<0.10). Low-CP diets increased CP concentration in the whole body at the end of the finisher phase (p = 0.05). HMTBa supplementation increased whole-body N retention rate during the finisher phase and overall (p<0.01), and low-CP diets reduced N intake and whole-body fat retention during the finisher phase and overall (p<0.05). In summary, HMTBa was better than DLM on an equimolar basis for growth performance, carcass traits, and N retention in Chinese color-feathered chicks. Low-CP diets lowered growth performance as well as carcass traits in color-feathered birds, probably due to imbalanced AA profiles.
Baylor, R. N.,Cassak, P. A.,Christe, S.,Hannah, I. G.,Krucker, Sä,m,Mullan, D. J.,Shay, M. A.,Hudson, H. S.,Lin, R. P. IOP Publishing 2011 The Astrophysical journal Vol.736 No.1
<P>We usemore than 4500 microflares from the RHESSI microflare data set to estimate electron densities and volumetric filling factors of microflare loops using a cooling time analysis. We show that if the filling factor is assumed to be unity, the calculated conductive cooling times are much shorter than the observed flare decay times, which in turn are much shorter than the calculated radiative cooling times. This is likely unphysical, but the contradiction can be resolved by assuming that the radiative and conductive cooling times are comparable, which is valid when the flare loop temperature is a maximum and when external heating can be ignored. We find that resultant radiative and conductive cooling times are comparable to observed decay times, which has been used as an assumption in some previous studies. The inferred electron densities have a mean value of 10(11.6) cm(-3) and filling factors have a mean of 10(-3.7). The filling factors are lower and densities are higher than previous estimates for large flares, but are similar to those found for two microflares by Moore et al.</P>
Self-energy effects and electron–phonon coupling in Fe–As superconductors
Choi, K-Y,Lemmens, P,Eremin, I,Zwicknagl, G,Berger, H,Sun, G L,Sun, D L,Lin, C T IOP Pub 2010 Journal of Physics, Condensed Matter Vol.22 No.11
<P>Doping and temperature dependent studies of optical phonon modes in Fe-122 pnictides are performed using Raman scattering experiments and compared with model calculations to elucidate the role of electron-phonon and spin-phonon interaction in this family of compounds. The frequency and linewidth of the B(1g) mode at around 210 cm(-1) is highlighted as appreciable anomalies at the superconducting and spin density wave transitions are observed that strongly depend on composition. We give estimates of the electron-phonon coupling related to this renormalization and calculate the phonon self-energy on the basis of a four-band model comparing different symmetries of the order parameters. In addition, we observe a pronounced quasi-elastic Raman response for the undoped compound, suggesting persisting magnetic fluctuations in the spin density wave state.</P>
SPECTROSCOPICALLY SELECTED<i>SPITZER</i>24<i>μm</i>ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
Choi, P. I.,Yan, Lin,Helou, G.,Storrie-Lombardi, L. J.,Fadda, D.,Im, M.,Shim, H. IOP Publishing 2011 The Astrophysical journal Vol.732 No.1
<P>We investigate the active galactic nucleus (AGN) sub-population of a 24 mu m flux-limited galaxy sample in the Spitzer Extragalactic First Look Survey. Using deep Keck optical spectroscopy and a series of emission-line diagnostics, we identify AGN-dominated systems over broad redshift 0 < z < 3.5 and luminosity 9 < log(L-TIR) < 14 ranges, with sample means of < z > = 0.85 and < log(LTIR)> = 11.5. We find that down to the flux limits of our Spitzer MIPS sample (f(24) > 200 mu Jy), 15%-20% of sources exhibit strong AGN signatures in their optical spectra. At this flux limit, the AGN population accounts for as much as 25%-30% of the integrated 24 mu m flux. This corresponds to an MIR AGN contribution approximate to 2-3x greater than that found in ISOCAM 15 mu m studies that used X-ray AGN identifications. Based on our spectroscopically selected AGN sample, we also investigate the merits of Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) color selection for AGN identification. Our comparison reveals that although there is considerable overlap, a significant fraction of spectroscopic AGNs are not identifiable based on their MIR colors alone. Both the measured completeness and reliability of the IRAC color selections are found to be strongly dependent on the MIR flux limit. Finally, our spectroscopic AGN sample implies as much as a 3x higher AGN surface density at high redshift (z > 1.2) than that of recent optical surveys at comparable optical flux limits, suggestive of a population of heavily obscured, optical/UV reddened AGNs.</P>
Closed intramedullary nailing with percutaneous cement augmentation for long bone metastases
Kim, Y-i.,Kang, H. G.,Kim, J. H.,Kim, S-k.,Lin, P. P.,Kim, H. S. The British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Su 2016 The bone & joint journal Vol.98 No.5
<P>Aims The purpose of the study was to investigate whether closed intramedullary (IM) nailing with percutaneous cement augmentation is better than conventional closed nailing at relieving pain and suppressing tumours in patients with metastases of the femur and humerus. Patients and Methods A total of 43 patients (27 men, 16 women, mean age 63.7 years, standard deviation (SD) 12.2; 21 to 84) underwent closed IM nailing with cement augmentation for long bone metastases. A further 27 patients, who underwent conventional closed IM nailing, served as controls. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) score pre-operatively (pre-operative VAS), one week post-operatively (immediate post-operative VAS), and at six weeks post-operatively (follow-up post-operative VAS). Progression of the tumour was evaluated in subgroups of patients using F-18-fludeoxyglucose (F-18-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and/or bone scintigraphy (BS), at a mean of 8.8 and 7.2 months post-operatively, respectively. Results The mean pain scores of patients who underwent closed nailing with cement augmentation were significantly lower than those of the control patients post-operatively (immediate post-operative VAS: 3.8, SD 0.9 versus 6.0, SD 0.9; follow-up post-operative VAS: 3.3, SD 2.5 versus 6.6, SD 2.2; all p < 0.001). The progression of the metastasis was suppressed in 50% (10/20) of patients who underwent closed nailing with augmentation, but in only 8% (1/13) of those in the control group. Conclusion Percutaneous cement augmentation of closed IM nailing improves the relief of pain and limits the progression of the tumour in patients with metastases to the long bones.</P>
TRANSPORT OF SOLAR WIND H <sup>+</sup> AND He <sup>++</sup> IONS ACROSS EARTH’S BOW SHOCK
Parks, G. K.,Lee, E.,Fu, S. Y.,Kim, H. E.,Ma, Y. Q.,Yang, Z. W.,Liu, Y.,Lin, N.,Hong, J.,Canu, P.,Dandouras, I.,Rè,me, H.,Goldstein, M. L. American Astronomical Society 2016 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.825 No.2
<P>We have investigated the dependence of mass, energy, and charge of solar wind ( SW) transport across Earth's bow shock. An examination of 111 crossings during quiet SW in both quasi-perpendicular and quasi-parallel shock regions shows that 64 crossings had various degrees of heating and thermalization of SW. We found 22 crossings where the SW speed was <400 km s(-1). The shock potential of a typical supercritical quasi-perpendicular shock estimated from deceleration of the SW and cutoff energy of electron flat top distribution is similar to 50 Volts. We find that the temperatures of H+ and He++ beams that penetrate the shock can sometimes be nearly the same in the upstream and downstream regions, indicating little or no heating had occurred crossing the bow shock. None of the models predict that the SW can cross the bow shock without heating. Our observations are important constraints for new models of collisionless shocks.</P>
White, H,Deprez, L,Corbisier, P,Hall, V,Lin, F,Mazoua, S,Trapmann, S,Aggerholm, A,Andrikovics, H,Akiki, S,Barbany, G,Boeckx, N,Bench, A,Catherwood, M,Cayuela, J-M,Chudleigh, S,Clench, T,Colomer, D,Dar Nature Publishing Group 2015 Leukemia Vol.29 No.2
<P>Serial quantification of <I>BCR–ABL1</I> mRNA is an important therapeutic indicator in chronic myeloid leukaemia, but there is a substantial variation in results reported by different laboratories. To improve comparability, an internationally accepted plasmid certified reference material (CRM) was developed according to ISO Guide 34:2009. Fragments of <I>BCR–ABL1</I> (e14a2 mRNA fusion)<I>, BCR</I> and <I>GUSB</I> transcripts were amplified and cloned into pUC18 to yield plasmid pIRMM0099. Six different linearised plasmid solutions were produced with the following copy number concentrations, assigned by digital PCR, and expanded uncertainties: 1.08±0.13 × 10<SUP>6</SUP>, 1.08±0.11 × 10<SUP>5</SUP>, 1.03±0.10 × 10<SUP>4</SUP>, 1.02±0.09 × 10<SUP>3</SUP>, 1.04±0.10 × 10<SUP>2</SUP> and 10.0±1.5 copies/μl. The certification of the material for the number of specific DNA fragments per plasmid, copy number concentration of the plasmid solutions and the assessment of inter-unit heterogeneity and stability were performed according to ISO Guide 35:2006. Two suitability studies performed by 63 <I>BCR–ABL1</I> testing laboratories demonstrated that this set of 6 plasmid CRMs can help to standardise a number of measured transcripts of e14a2 <I>BCR–ABL1</I> and three control genes (<I>ABL1, BCR</I> and <I>GUSB</I>). The set of six plasmid CRMs is distributed worldwide by the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (Belgium) and its authorised distributors (https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/reference-materials/catalogue/; CRM code ERM-AD623a-f).</P>