새로운 언어교수법

Fries, Charles C. 이화여자대학교 외국어교육과 1968 Foreign language teaching Vol.1968 No.2

제2차 바티칸 공의회와 가톨릭 교회의 교회론

하인리히 프리즈(Heinrich Fries),김태균(역) 광주가톨릭대학교 신학연구소 2017 神學展望 Vol.- No.199

세례식에서 예비 신자는 ‘여러분은 교회에 무엇을 청합니까?’라는 사제의 질문에 ‘세례를 청합니다’라고 하지 않고 ‘신앙을 청합니다’라고 대답한다. 이 문답은 우리에게 다음의 두 가지 사실을 전해준다. 첫째, 그리스도교에 입문하는 목적이 ‘신앙’을 구하는 것이라는 사실과 둘째, 이 신앙이 ‘교회’를 통해서 예비 신자에게 전해진다는 사실이다. 이는 교회가 신앙을 가능케 하는 전제 조건이라는 사실을 시사하고 있다. 신앙은 하느님과 성령의 선물로서 교회를 통하여 보호되어 시대를 뛰어 넘어 그것을 얻고자 하는 이들에게 주어지는 것이다. 그러므로 신앙과 교회는 결코 분리되어 생각할 수 없는 불가분의 관계를 맺고 있다. 따라서 교회에 관한 가르침인 교회론이 신학의 중심 주제 가운데 하나로 다루어지는 것은 당연한 일이다. 교회론이 신학사 안에서 본격적으로 다루어지게 된 것은 근래에 들어와서이다. 최근까지 신학은 교회를 단순히 ‘교계제도’(hierarchia), ‘제도’(institution)로서만 이해하였으며 이는 아무런 문제없이 당연한 것으로 인식 되었다. 이런 교회론에 새로운 전기가 마련된 것은 20세기에 들어와서이다. 이때부터 교회의 권위가 도전을 받게 되자 신학자들은 교회는 누구이며 예수가 원하는 교회는 어떤 모습이었는지에 대해 본격적으로 성찰하기 시작하였다. 이런 교회에 대한 신학적 성찰은 제2차 바티칸 공의회가 교회를 더 이상 구조와 제도가 아닌 ‘하느님 백성’으로 바라보게 된 배경이 되었으며, 이는 교회론에서 새로운 전환점이 되었다. 본고에서 하인리히 프리즈는 공의회 이전인 1950년대부터 공의회가 끝난 후 1985년까지의 교회론의 발전 과정에 대해서 여러 신학자들의 저서를 중심으로 다양한 관점에서 간략하게 설명하려고 시도하고 있다.

The Role of BDNF as a Mediator of Neuroplasticity in Bipolar Disorder

Iria Grande,Gabriel Rodrigo Fries,Mauricio Kunz,Flavio Kapczinski 대한신경정신의학회 2010 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.7 No.4

The cognitive impairment and neuroanatomical changes that takes place among patients with bipolar disorder (BD) patients has been well described. Recent data suggest that changes in neuroplasticity, cell resilience and connectivity are the main neuropathological findings in BD. Data from differential lines of research converges to the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as an important contributor to the neuroplasticity changes described among BD patients. BDNF serum levels have been shown to be decreased in depressive and manic episodes,returning to normal levels in euthymia. BDNF has also been shown to decrease as the disorder progresses. Moreover, factors that negatively influence the course of BD, such as life stress and trauma have been shown to be associated with a decrease in BDNF serum levels. These findings suggest that BDNF plays a central role in the progression of BD. The present review discusses the role of BDNF as a mediator of the neuroplastic changes that occur in portion with mood episodes and the potential use of serum BDNF as a biomarker in BD.

Translational techniques from cleft to cosmetic rhinoplasty

Stark, Helen L,Fries, Charles A,Mercer, Nigel S Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2020 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.47 No.1

COVID-19: challenges and opportunities

Adam J. Singer,Bettina C Fries 대한응급의학회 2020 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.7 No.3

A paper in this Journal by Choi et al. demonstrates how the technologically advanced Korean healthcare system has responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by creation of novel drive through and walk through facilities that allow rapid and safe viral testing helping to identify and isolate patients with the disease as well a track contacts to help reduce the pandemic spread. Another paper in this issue by Rola et al.4 highlights how much the traditional approach to hypoxemic respiratory failure has changed with COVID-19. While invasive mechanical ventilation has generally been used early in refractory hypoxemia, we now recognize that many patients present with profound hypoxemia (even with oxygen levels previously thought to be incompatible with life) with little distress. This phenotype has been called the L phenotype or the so-called “happy hypoxemic” patient.5 In these cases, use of oxygen by high flow nasal cannula or noninvasive ventilation together with proning may help avoid invasive mechanical ventilation or delay the need for, and duration of, subsequent invasive ventilation thus helping to preserve scarce and vital resources.

A preliminary simulation for the development of an implantable pulsatile blood pump

Di Paolo, Jose,Insfran, Jordan F.,Fries, Exequiel R.,Campana, Diego M.,Berli, Marcelo E.,Ubal, Sebastian Techno-Press 2014 Advances in biomechanics & applications Vol.1 No.2

A preliminary study of a new pulsatile pump that will work to a frequency greater than 1 Hz, is presented. The fluid-structure interaction between a Newtonian blood flow and a piston drive that moves with periodic speed is simulated. The mechanism is of double effect and has four valves, two at the input flow and two at the output flow; the valves are simulated with specified velocity of closing and reopening. The simulation is made with finite elements software named COMSOL Multiphysics 3.3 to resolve the flow in a preliminary planar configuration. The geometry is 2D to determine areas of high speeds and high shear stresses that can cause hemolysis and platelet aggregation. The opening and closing valves are modelled by solid structure interacting with flow, the rhythmic opening and closing are synchronized with the piston harmonic movement. The boundary conditions at the input and output areas are only normal traction with reference pressure. On the other hand, the fluid structure interactions are manifested due to the non-slip boundary conditions over the piston moving surfaces, moving valve contours and fix pump walls. The non-physiologic frequency pulsatile pump, from the viewpoint of fluid flow analysis, is predicted feasible and with characteristic of low hemolysis and low thrombogenesis, because the stress tension and resident time are smaller than the limit and the vortices are destroyed for the periodic flow.

Depression and Mania Induce Pro-inflammatory Activation of Macrophages Following Application of Serum from Individuals with Bipolar Disorder

Pamela Ferrari,Mariana Migliorini Parisi,Rafael Colombo,Matheus Becker,Gabriel Fries,Bruna Maria Ascoli,Luiza Paul Géa,Márcia Kauer-Sant’anna,Flávio Kapczinski,Fábio Klamt,Fátima T.C.R. Guma,Adriane R 대한정신약물학회 2018 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.16 No.1

Objective: Evidence has suggested that immune imbalance is involved with bipolar disorder (BD); however, its precise mechanism is poorly understood. This study investigated whether biochemical changes in the serum from BD patients could modulate the phenotype of cultured macrophages. Methods: Eighteen subjects with BD and five healthy individuals were included in this study. The human monocyte cell line U-937 was activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and polarization was induced with RPMI-1640 media supplemented with 10% serum from each patient for 24 hours. Gene expression of selected M1 and M2 markers was assessed by quantitative PCR. Results: Macrophages exposed to serum of manic and depressive BD patients displayed an increase of interleukin-1 (6.40±3.47 and 9.04±5.84 vs. 0.23±0.11; p<0.05) and tumor necrosis factor- (2.23±0.91 and 2.03±0.45 vs. 0.62±0.24; p=0.002 and p=0.004, respectively) compared to euthymic group (there was no difference between euthymic and controls). In parallel, U-937 macrophages treated with serum of patients in acute episode displayed a down-regulation of CXCL9 (0.29±0.20 vs. 1.86±1.61; p=0.006) and CXCL10 expression (0.36±0.15 and 0.86±0.24 vs. 1.83±0.88; p<0.000 and p=0.04) compared to the euthymia group. Conclusion: Our results are consistent with previous studies showing that changes in peripheral blood markers could modulate M1/M2 polarization in BD. The evidence of macrophages as source of inflammatory cytokines might be helpful to unravel how the mononuclear phagocyte system is involved in the etiology of BD.

TAIWAN'S CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS : INCIPIENT DUTCH DISEASE ?

FRY, MAXWELL J. 한국국제경제학회 1990 International Economic Journal Vol.4 No.3

My small-scale macroeconomic model of the Taiwanese economy contains behavioral equations to explain saving. investment, the rate of economic growth, export demand, export supply, and import demand. Exploiting the two definitions of the current account (national saving - domestic investment and exports - net factor income from abroad - imports), the in-sample dynamic simulation tracks the current account remarkably well. If the Taiwanese government pursued deliberate policies to reduce the current account surplus, this model indicates that the effects on the economy would depend critically on whether the current account surplus was eliminated by reducing national saving or by raising domestic investment.

Risk Assessment in Anaesthesia

Fry, R.A. Medical Publications Korea 1996 Medical Progress Vol.18 No.1

SRI LANKA'S 1977 BALANCE - OF - PAYMENTS AND FINANCIAL REFORMS : PLUS CA CHANGE ?

FRY, MAXWELL J. 한국국제경제학회 1990 International Economic Journal Vol.4 No.1

A new Sri Lankan government came to power in 1977 with a sweeping program of financial liberalization and balance-of-payments reforms. This paper tests econometrically whether or not there were significant regime changes in capital inflow and monetary policy behavior. A logistic switching function indicates that structural shifts did occur between 1977 and 1978. However, it is difficult to detect any coherent changes in policy objectives or changes in behavior that one might expect to have accompanied reforms of this kind. Specifically, neither Sri Lanka's offset nor its sterilization coefficient increased in the post-1977 period.