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- 저자 : Francis Kim (검색결과 99 건)
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Kim, Yu-Bin,Lee, Ho-Saeng,Francis, Lijo,Kim, Young-Deuk Elsevier 2019 Journal of membrane science Vol.588 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, we proposed a novel air-assisted swirling flow-type microbubble generator (MBG) to improve the downstream transmembrane flux of a multistage direct contact membrane distillation (MDCMD) based seawater desalination system, and experimentally demonstrated its performance under various operating conditions. To simulate the downstream operating conditions of the MDCMD system, low temperature and high concentration conditions were implemented on the feed side in the experiments. It was observed that the formation of a gas–liquid two-phase flow in the feed stream demonstrated a positive influence on the performance of the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process; particularly, microbubbles less than 100 μm performed an important role in improving the heat and mass transfer. The DCMD performance using MBG was demonstrated to be more pronounced at lower feed temperatures and higher feed flow rates, where the enhancement in permeation flux was as high as 37%. The optimal air flow rate to achieve maximum DCMD performance was determined to be 50 cc/min at a given feed flow rate, while a further increase in air flow rate incurred a slug flow in the feed channel, which resulted in a decrease in the number of microbubbles and hence a decrease in the DCMD performance. In addition, the process performance was evaluated using highly concentrated brine as the feed solution, and the results demonstrated the feasibility of applying MBG to practical desalination processes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A novel MBG is proposed to enhance the downstream permeation flux of MDCMD. </LI> <LI> Microbubbles in the feed stream significantly improved heat and mass transfer in DCMD. </LI> <LI> The permeation flux improvement in MBG-assisted DCMD is more pronounced at low temperature and high flow rate. </LI> <LI> The optimum air flow rate using the MBG is demonstrated by flow characteristics and bubble size distributions. </LI> <LI> The proposed MBG provides an attractive concept for improving the performance of MDCMD. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Survey on the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia in Korea; Multicenter Study of 1,414 Patients
( Francis Sahngun Nahm ),( Sang Hun Kim ),( Hong Soon Kim ),( Jin Woo Shin ),( Sie Hyeon Yoo ),( Myung Ha Yoon ),( Doo Ik Lee ),( Youn Woo Lee ),( Jun Hak Lee ),( Young Hoon Jeon ),( Dae Hyun Jo ) 대한통증학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.26 No.1
Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a serious complication resulting from herpes zoster infections, and it can impair the quality of life. In order to relieve pain from PHN, various treatments, including pharmacological and interventional methods have been used. However, little information on the recommendations for the interventional treatment of PHN, along with a lack of nation-wide surveys on the current status of PHN treatment exists. This multicenter study is the first survey on the treatment status of PHN in Korea. Methods: Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on the entire patients who visited the pain clinics of 11 teaching hospitals from January to December of 2011. Co-morbid disease, affected site of PHN, routes to pain clinic visits, parenteral/topical medications for treatment, drugs used for nerve block, types and frequency of nerve blocks were investigated. Results: A total of 1,414 patients` medical records were reviewed. The most commonly affected site was the thoracic area. The anticonvulsants and interlaminar epidural blocks were the most frequently used pharmacological and interventional methods for PHN treatment. For the interval of epidural block, intervals of 5 or more-weeks were the most popular. The proportion of PHN patients who get information from the mass media or the internet was only 0.8%.The incidence of suspected zoster sine herpete was only 0.1%. Conclusions: The treatment methods for PHN vary among hospitals. The establishment of treatment recommendation for PHN treatment is necessary. In addition, public relations activities are required in order to inform the patients of PHN treatments by pain clinicians. (Korean J Pain 2013; 26: 21-26)
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Horizon Effects on Dependence Structure between Hedge Funds and the Equity Market
Francis In,Byoung Uk Kang,Gunky Kim,Tong Suk Kim 한국재무학회 2007 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.04
This paper investigates the investment horizon effects on dependence structure between hedge fund returns and market returns. The key question is whether the nonlinearity (i.e., asymmetry) in the dependence structure, observed by several previous studies using monthly frequency data, continues to exist between longer horizon returns. In the context of hedge funds, this question is particularly important because investing in a hedge fund often involves liquidity restrictions such as lock-up periods and redemption notice periods. Two main results emerge. First, the asymmetry in their dependence relationship is more short-term in nature. Second, the lower tail dependence decreases along with the increasing investment time horizon, which suggest the possibility that the tail risk of hedge funds can be diversified through time. Our finding of diminishing asymmetry in dependence structure along with lengthening investment horizon implies that the value of knowing such asymmetries may not be as substantial for long-term investors as the previous studies suggest.
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Erratum to: Charge transfer in graphene/polymer interfaces for CO2 detection
Kim, Kihyeun,Son, Myungwoo,Pak, Yusin,Chee, Sang-Soo,Auxilia, Francis Malar,Lee, Byung-Kee,Lee, Sungeun,Kang, Sun Kil,Lee, Chaedeok,Lee, Jeong Soo,Kim, Ki Kang,Jang, Yun Hee,Lee, Byoung Hun,Jung, Gun- Springer-Verlag 2018 NANO RESEARCH Vol.11 No.7
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Survey on the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia in Korea: Multicenter Study of 1,414 Patients
Nahm, Francis Sahngun,Kim, Sang Hun,Kim, Hong Soon,Shin, Jin Woo,Yoo, Sie Hyeon,Yoon, Myung Ha,Lee, Doo Ik,Lee, Youn Woo,Lee, Jun Hak,Jeon, Young Hoon,Jo, Dae Hyun The Korean Pain Society 2013 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.26 No.1
Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a serious complication resulting from herpes zoster infections, and it can impair the quality of life. In order to relieve pain from PHN, various treatments, including pharmacological and interventional methods have been used. However, little information on the recommendations for the interventional treatment of PHN, along with a lack of nation-wide surveys on the current status of PHN treatment exists. This multicenter study is the first survey on the treatment status of PHN in Korea. Methods: Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on the entire patients who visited the pain clinics of 11 teaching hospitals from January to December of 2011. Co-morbid disease, affected site of PHN, routes to pain clinic visits, parenteral/topical medications for treatment, drugs used for nerve block, types and frequency of nerve blocks were investigated. Results: A total of 1,414 patients' medical records were reviewed. The most commonly affected site was the thoracic area. The anticonvulsants and interlaminar epidural blocks were the most frequently used pharmacological and interventional methods for PHN treatment. For the interval of epidural block, intervals of 5 or more-weeks were the most popular. The proportion of PHN patients who get information from the mass media or the internet was only 0.8%.The incidence of suspected zoster sine herpete was only 0.1%. Conclusions: The treatment methods for PHN vary among hospitals. The establishment of treatment recommendation for PHN treatment is necessary. In addition, public relations activities are required in order to inform the patients of PHN treatments by pain clinicians.
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Nahm, Francis Sahn-Gun,Lee, Pyung-Bok,Kim, Tae-Hun,Kim, Yong-Chul,Lee, Chul-Joong The Korean Pain Society 2010 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.23 No.1
Background: An independent medical examination (IME) is a critical process for awarding reparation for injury. However, conducting an IME in pain medicine is very difficult, not only because pain is a subjective symptom, but also because there are no proper objective methods to demonstrate it. This study was conducted to compare IME reports and the court decisions on the disability status of the patients. Methods: We analyzed 79 IME reports and 25 corresponding court decisions on the disability status of patients. The diagnoses, causal relationships between the patients' status and the trauma, McBride's degree of disability, the American Medical Association's impairment ratings, the estimated annual cost for future treatment, and the necessity of care-giving were compared and analyzed. Results: The diagnoses in the 79 cases were complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type I (58 cases), CRPS type II (7 cases), peripheral neuropathy (5 cases), myofascial pain syndrome (4 cases), herniated intervertebral disc (2 cases), and fibromyalgia (1 case). The types of accidents were road traffic accidents (50 cases), military injuries (14 cases), industrial accidents (11 cases), and others (4 cases). The IME reports and the court decisions stated considerably different McBride's degrees of disability (P = 0.014). However, there was no significant difference in the estimated cost for future treatment between the IME reports and the court decisions (P = 0.912). Conclusions: IME reports should be accurate, fair, and based on objective findings. Feedback on IMEs from the court decisions is helpful for reference use.
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Obiweluozor, Francis O.,Tiwari, Arjun Prasad,Lee, Jun Hee,Batgerel, Tumurbaatar,Kim, Ju Yeon,Lee, Dohee,Park, Chan Hee,Kim, Cheol Sang Elsevier 2019 Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for Vol.99 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Here we developed a semi-interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel obtained by free radical polymerization to fabricate a coated stent with the aim of incorporating a natural topography present in the human body to improve biological activity. The method involves sandwiching a bare metal stent in the semi-IPN hydrogel via solution cast molding. The bio-functionality of the membrane could be tuned by incorporating Polydopamine into the matrix, and also the mechanical property was optimized by choosing an adequate concentration of acrylamide. The coating containing polydopamine hydrogel showed good mechanical stability under continuous flow condition, as demonstrated by crimping and deployment into a catheter without damage. Stent polymer bonding was enhanced via polydopamine incorporation in the matrix. The non-thrombogenicity of the coating containing hydrogel was confirmed through dynamic hemocompatibility studies in vitro. Vascular simulations, including other biomechanical performance, like durability testing, radial strength, and recoil, were demonstrated. The dopamine containing hydrogel membrane (DCHM) was found to promote cell material interaction due to the ability of the catechol to bind protein and induce HUVECs cytoplasmic spreading, proliferation, and migration, with reduced smooth muscle cell (SMCs) activity. SMCs inhibition correlated well with the amount of incorporated catechol in the matrix. Our results show that this material used as coated stent could be more effective in suppressing platelet aggregation with improved haemocompatibility/biocompatibility for faster re-endothelialization than bare metal stent (BMS).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 2D modeling of hydrogel coated stent for improved hemodynamics in contrast to bare metal stent was proposed. </LI> <LI> Incorporating PU as a second network in the IPN hydrogel greatly improve the mechanical property. </LI> <LI> The fabricated membrane creates a stable coating that enable delivery via non-invasive approach (catheter). </LI> <LI> Incorporation of Polydopamine in the matrix enhance HUVECs viability/ proliferation and suppresses SMCs viability. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Obiweluozor, Francis O,Emechebe, Gladys A,Tiwari, Arjun Prasad,Kim, Ju Yeon,Park, Chan Hee,Kim, Cheol Sang Dove Medical Press 2018 International journal of nanomedicine Vol.13 No.-
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a combination of Photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemotherapy in a single nano-fiber platform containing lethal polydopamine nanopheres (PD NPs) for annihilation of CT 26 cancer cells.</P><P><B>Method</B></P><P>Polydioxanone (PDO) nanofiber containing PD and bortezomib (BTZ) was fabricated via electrospinning method. The content of BTZ and PD after optimization was 7% and 2.5% respectively with respect to PDO weight. PD NPs have absorption band in near-infrared (NIR) with resultant rapid heating capable of inducing cancer cell death. The samples was divided into three groups – PDO, PDO+PD, and PDO+PD-BTZ for analysis.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>In combined treatment, PDO nanofiber alone could not inhibit cancer cell growth as it neither contain PD or BTZ. However, PDO+PD fiber showed a cell viability of approximately 20% after 72 hr of treatment indicating minimal killing via hyperthermia. In the case of PDO composite fiber containing BTZ, the effect of NIR irradiation reduced the viability of cancer cells down to around 5% after 72 h showing the efficiency of combination therapy on cancer cells elimination. However, due to higher photothermal conversion that may negatively affect normal cells above 46°C, we have employed 1 s “OFF” and 2 s “ON” after initial 9 s continuous irradiation to maintain the temperature between 42 and 46°C over 3 mins of treatment using 2 W/cm<SUP>2</SUP>; 808 nm laser which resulted to similar cell death.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>In this study, combination of PTT and chemotherapy treatment on CT 26 colon cancer cells within 3 min resulted in effective cell death in contrast to single treatment of either PTT and chemotherapy alone. Our results suggest that this nanofiber device with efficient heating and remote control drug delivery system can be useful and convenient in the future clinical application for localized cancer therapy.</P>
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