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Effect of Al on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg–Sn–Ca–Mn Wrought Alloy
Yun Feng,Yuanyuan Yang,Zongqi Xiao,Xianglong Meng,Guorong Zhou,Jinfeng Leng,Xinying Teng 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.6
Mg–Sn–Ca–Mn–xAl (x = 0,1.5 wt%) alloys with ultra-fine recrystallized grains were prepared by conventional extrusion(400 °C, 0.5 mm/s). Effects of aluminum (Al) on mechanical properties and microstructure of the Mg–1Sn–1Ca–0.5Mn(wt%) alloy were systematically investigated. By the addition of 1.5 wt% Al, the yield strength of the as-extruded alloysignificantly increased from 183 to 237 MPa. The as-cast alloys show a dendritic structure consists of α-Mg, (Mg, Al)2Ca,and CaMgSn phases. The as-extruded Mg–1Sn–1Ca–0.5Mn–1.5Al alloys exhibit a bimodal grain structure composed ofdynamic recrystallized (DRXed) fine grains and coarse unDRXed grains. Compared with Al free alloy, a lot of nano-scaleplanar Al2Caand rectangle shape Al8Mn5precipitated in the as-extruded alloy with 1.5 wt% Al. Meanwhile, the addition ofAl significantly strengthened alloys’ fiber texture with < 10–10 >//ED.
겨울철 자연(통풍)냉각과 상부 쿨링시스템을 이용한 남부 지역의 벼 고품질 유지를 위한 저온저장기술 개발
녕효봉,사공문,함택모,조성찬 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2012 農業科學硏究 Vol.28 No.2
The purpose of this study is to investigate the storage characteristics of rough rice in a low temperature storage and dry bin using cooling system. The results were compared with the storage method of ambient temperature bin. The rough rice storage characteristics were evaluated from February to August 2010, using a storage and dry bin of 500 ton capacity. The results were as followings: Storage and dry bin using cooling system maintained the rice temperature less than 15oC over the storage period. The rough rice stored in the ambient temperature bin showed higher moisture content and lower germination rate than the rough rice stored in the bin using cooling system. The creaked rate and acid value of brown rice in the cooling bin storage increased less than the ambient temperature bin storage. The result indicates that storage bin using winter cold air and cooling system showed better maintaining germination of rice, less change of physiological activities and cracked kernel, and better maintaining of rice quality, comparing the ambient temperature bin
( Xiao Feng Ning ),( He Li ),( Tae Hwan Kang ),( Chang Su Han ) 한국농업기계학회 2012 바이오시스템공학 Vol.37 No.3
Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the storage and quality characteristics of brown rice under the low temperature warehouse conditions using ambient cold air in the winter. Methods: This new technique maintains rough rice warehouse temperature below 15℃ without cooling operation until the end of May. Four hundred tons of rough rice were stored in the low temperature grain warehouse, and were aerated from the top to the bottom using ambient cold air in February. The quality of rough rice was evaluated from February through October. Results: The results were as followings. Moisture contents of rough rice in the low temperature storage had decreased less than the ordinary temperature storage. Cracked rate of brown rice in the ordinary temperature storage and low temperature storage increased by 4~10.8% and 1.6~7.2%, respectively. The germination rate of rough rice under the ordinary and the low temperature warehouse decreased by 15.0~25.0% and 1.7~8.0%, respectively. The acid value of brown rice under the ordinary and the low temperature warehouse increased by 3.67~6.72 KOH mg/100g and 3.08~4.08 KOH mg/100g, respectively. Conclusions: The result indicates that low temperature storage using ambient winter air showed better maintaining germination of rice, less change of physiological activities and cracked kernel, and better maintaining of rice quality, comparing the ordinary temperature storage.
( Xiao Feng Ning ),( Tae Hwan Kang ),( Oui Woung Kim ),( Chung Su Han ) 한국농업기계학회 2012 바이오시스템공학 Vol.37 No.2
This study was conducted to investigate the optimal sorting factors in establishing an efficient sorting technology for brown rice. Methods: The brown rice varieties used in this study were Il Pum, Chu Cheong, Dong Jin, Un Gwang, Nam Pyeong, and Dae An. These were classified into whole grain, unriped grain, and green dead rice. The shape factors were analyzed based on length, width and thickness of the grains. Results: The results revealed that the maximum length among whole grain, unriped grain, and green dead rice was observed in Dae An variety while Chu Cheong variety showed the minimum. Further more, Il Pum brown rice showed the maximum width while Dong Jin variety showed the minimum. In the case of thickness, the maximum was observed in Un Gwang variety and that of the minimum among Nam Pyeong variety for both whole grain and unriped grain. Conclusions: The length and width can be used as determinants in sorting factors of whole grain and green dead rice, and the thickness can be considered as optimum sorting factor of whole grain and unriped grain.
Xiao-Feng Li,Min-Hua Zong,Guang-Lei Zhao,Yi-Gang Yu,Hui Wu 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.4
In this paper, enzymatic regioselective acylation of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) with vinyl benzoate (VB) using immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B in binary organic solvents was explored. It was found that the lipase showed high regioselectivity (> 99%) towards the 5'-OH of ara-C in the representative organic solvent mixture (hexane-pyridine). To understand the enzymatic processes and provide a fair comparison of hexane-pyridine with C4MIm·PF6-pyridine (the representative ionic liquid-containing system), the effect of each process variable on the reactions in hexane-pyridine was investigated. The results indicate that the optimum hexane content,initial a w, molar ratio of VB to ara-C, and temperature were 28% (v/v), 0.11, 15, and 40°C, respectively. Under optimized conditions, the initial reaction rate in hexanepyridine (44.4 mM/h) was much higher than that in C4MIm·PF6-pyridine (29.4 mM/h) for each case. The maximum conversion yield, however, was increased when the reaction system was shifted from hexane-pyridine to C4MIm·PF6-pyridine. Further study revealed that the presence of an acidic by-product (benzoate acid, released during the acylation process) may cause rapid inactivation of the enzyme in hexane-pyridine, leading to a lower conversion rate, whereas the ionic liquid may have coating and protecting effects on the lipase during the reaction.
Xiao-fang Li,Rui-xian Li,Ke-xin Wang,Xiao-qiang Feng 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-
Methyl orange (MO) is a kind of azo dye, and will do great harm to the ecological environment. Alleviating this problem by removing MO is crucial role to prevent harmful damage to the environment. In this paper, NiCr layered double hydroxides (LDH) were prepared through hydrothermal method andthen modified with different mass rations of walnut shell biochar. The structure and properties ofbiochar/NiCr-LDH composites were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powderX-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) coupled with energy dispersespectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Moreover, the adsorption andphotocatalytic degradation behavior of composites on anionic dye MO were investigated. Characterization results indicated that NiCr-LDH was perfectly synthesized and coated on the biochar. All the biochar/NiCr-LDH composites show enhanced adsorption and photodegradation performancefor MO dye compared with pure NiCr-LDH and biochar. When the biochar content was 22.3 wt.% andthe biochar/NiCr-LDH (S2) dosage was 1.0 mg/mL, the maximum removal amount of MO could reach100 % within 60 min at the natural pH, experimental data fitted well with the pseudo-second-orderkinetic and Freundlich isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of S2 was 108.2 mg/g. Besides, compared with NiCr-LDH, S2 also demonstrated wonderful photodegradation activity for MOunder visible-light irradiation, the rate constant of S2 (0.0173 min1) is about 1.5 times that of NiCr-LDH (0.0118 min1), and the enhanced performance can be due to the faster separation of electronholepairs, in which biochar acted as charge separation carriers. Meanwhile, the hydroxyl radical andsuperoxide radical played crucial roles in the dye photocatalytic degradation, and a possible photocatalyticdegradation mechanism was proposed. The excellent photocatalytic activity and stability makebiochar/NiCr-LDH an ideal photocatalyst to solve environmental crisis.
Xiao, Zhong-Yue,Ru, Yi,Sun, Jiang-Tao,Gao, She-Gan,Wang, Yu-Feng,Wang, Li-Dong,Feng, Xiao-Shan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1
Objective: To determine whether CDX2 and villin protein expression are associated with intestinal metaplasia (IM) in gastric cardiac mucosa and to explore the relationship with evolution of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA). Methods: We studied 143 gastric cardiac biopsy or resection specimens from Henan province China, including 25 cardiac gastritis specimens with IM, 65 dysplasia specimens with IM and 35 gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma specimens and stained them for CDX2 and villin by the immunohistochemical SP method. 15 normal gastric cardiac biopsy specimens were also collected as control. Results: (1) Normal gastric mucosa presented no CDX2 and villin expression. The positive rates of CDX2 protein in cardiac gastritis with IM, dysplasia with IM, and carcinoma tissues were 84.0% (21/25), 66.7% (32/48) and 36.4% (20/55), respectively. While the positive rates of villin protein in cardiac gastritis with IM, dysplasia with IM, and carcinoma tissues were 76.0% (19/25), 70.8% (34/48) and 45.5% (25/55), respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups for both CDX2 and villin (P<0.01). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient(rho) showed a close correlation between the two proteins (r=0.843, P<0.01) and both were positively related with tumor differentiation (both P<0.05), but not associated with age, sex, invasion and metastasis of lymph node (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that ectopic expression of CDX2 and villin may be involved in early-stage IM and tumorigenesis in gastric cardia and the expression of villin may be regulated by CDX2.