In vivo Effects of Di-n-butyl Phthalate and Di-2-ehthyhexyl Phthalate on the Nonspecific Defense Mechanism of the Bagrid Catfish, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco

Fatima,강주찬,금유화,지정훈 한국수산과학회 2006 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.9 No.1

The Nexus between Capital Structure and Firm Value by Profitability Moderation: Evidence from Saudi Arabia

Nadeem FATIMA(Nadeem FATIMA ),Abdul Rahman SHAIK(Abdul Rahman SHAIK ) 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.9

The current study examines the nexus between the capital structure (debt-equity) and firm value (Tobin’s Q) by including profitability (alternatively Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE)) as a moderator in the companies of Saudi Arabia. The study sample consists of 102 companies listed on Tadawul (the Saudi Arabian stock exchange) from different sectors of Saudi Arabia during the period 2013 to 2020. The study estimates pooled regression, panel regression with fixed and random effects, and dynamic panel regression models to report the results. The study results report that there is a negative and significant association between capital structure and firm value in model 1, while in models 2 and 3 there is a more negative and significant impact between the two study variables compared to model 1 after the inclusion of interaction variable, i.e. profitability in terms of ROA and ROE. The comparative result shows that the companies of Saudi Arabia hold more debt in their capital structure mix, hence evidencing a decrease in the firm value. The reported results also show that models 2 and 3 are better in explaining the impact of capital structure on firm value due to the interaction of profitability compared to model 1.

Antimicrobial activity and toxicity of Quisqualis indica

Fatima N Jahan,Mohammad S Rahman,Mahboob Hossain,Mohammad A Rashid 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.1

The plant Quisqualis indica (Compositae) has ehnopharmcological reputation of being used as a healing agent in Bangladesh. In this study, preliminary screenings were conducted to look at the antimicrobial susceptibility and cytotoxicity of the plant extract. The extractives of the plant were subjected to screening for inhibition of microbial growth by the disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibition demonstrated by the n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract ranged from 8 - 15 mm, 8 - 18 mm, 12 - 20 mm and 10 - 16 mm, respectively at a concentration of 400 μg/disc. All the extractives were also subjected to brine shrimp lethality bioassay for primary cytotoxicity evaluation. Here, the carbon tetrachloride soluble materials demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity with LC50 of 0.826 μg/ml, while n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract revealed the LC50 of 1.254, 3.866 and 5.366 μg/ml, respectively. This is the first report of the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity Q. indica. The plant Quisqualis indica (Compositae) has ehnopharmcological reputation of being used as a healing agent in Bangladesh. In this study, preliminary screenings were conducted to look at the antimicrobial susceptibility and cytotoxicity of the plant extract. The extractives of the plant were subjected to screening for inhibition of microbial growth by the disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibition demonstrated by the n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract ranged from 8 - 15 mm, 8 - 18 mm, 12 - 20 mm and 10 - 16 mm, respectively at a concentration of 400 μg/disc. All the extractives were also subjected to brine shrimp lethality bioassay for primary cytotoxicity evaluation. Here, the carbon tetrachloride soluble materials demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity with LC50 of 0.826 μg/ml, while n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract revealed the LC50 of 1.254, 3.866 and 5.366 μg/ml, respectively. This is the first report of the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity Q. indica.

Women Empowerment

Fatima GHAZAL 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2017 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2017 No.01

During the last fourteen years, Afghan media has played a significant role in empowering women and they still do. The media has a crucial responsibility in promoting women’s participation in society. It has the power to spread messages and raise awareness on the challenges that women face. Most importantly, media has given women the voice which has allowed them to actively engage with the Afghan government, interest groups and society at large. Directed by the media affect theories, numerous studies have been done on the media representing women around the world. The objectives of such studies have been to figure out how media present women and how media representation of women affects their role and perception in society. From the feminist media theory perspective, women representation in the women print media hassignificanteto make and points that can be translated and applied to the current paper. Women’s media has always been successful in using themes such as women empowerment agenda. These are then placed within certain contexts and meanings that convey the messages directly to the target audiences.

Heterologous Expression of Laccase1 Gene from the Chestnut Blight Fungus Cryphonectria parasitica in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Fatima HERNANDEZ,Seung-Moon PARK,Beom-Tae KIM,Tae-Geum KIM,Dae-Hyuk KIM 한국생물공학회 2023 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.4

Production, Consumption, and Trading of Tea in Pakistan

Fatima Rameeza,은종방(Jong-Bang Eun) 한국차학회 2022 한국차학회지 Vol.28 No.2

차는 현지에서 차이로 알려진 파키스탄의 전통 음료이자 국민 음료이다. 차는 오늘날 파키스탄에서 가장 사랑받고 있는 인기 있는 음료 중 하나이다. 차는 면역 체계를 강화하는 항산화성분과 비오틴을 함유하고 있다. 파키스탄은 자체적으로 고품질의 차를 생산하고 국제 무역을 증진시킬 수 있는 잠재력이 있으나 적절한 장비, 연구 기관의 부재와 부적절한 관리로 인해 대규모의 차를 생산하기 어렵다. 본 고는 지역 사람들에게 더 많은 고용 기회 부여를 통해 생계 제공이 가능한 파키스탄 지역의 차 재배를 증가시킬 수 있도록 차 재배 관행을 조사하는 것에 있다. Tea is a traditional beverage and the national drink of Pakistan and is locally known as “Chai”. Tea is loved throughout the length and breadth of Pakistan and remains one of the most popular beverages. Furthermore, it contains antioxidants and biotin, which boost the immune system. Pakistan has the potential to produce high-quality tea, which would increase exports, but due to a lack of appropriate equipment and research facilities and improper management, it is difficult to produce tea on a large scale. This study was undertaken to investigate tea farming practices with the aim of increasing tea cultivation in the grassland areas of Pakistan to improve living standards and create more employment opportunities for local people.

Plurals as an example of teaching the basics of Arabic syntax for beginners

Fatima Omary 한국아랍어아랍문학회 2016 아랍어와 아랍문학 Vol.20 No.2

There is no doubt that syntax is the foundation, ingress, route as well as the measure of the Arabic Language. Indeed, it is essential to present syntax to Arab and non-Arab learners of Arabic. An argument persists however as to what syntax do we present and how do we present it, and at what point in time do we do so? A further argument ensues on what facets of syntax do present to our students before other. This research seeks to provide a functional vision for teaching grammatical material; material that is necessary for beginner learners, and attempts to the following three questions: 1. What facets of syntax do we present? 2. How do we present the syntactic material? 3. When do we present the syntactic material? Our argument is based on the premise that language is a gift that is based on a set of principles, standards, and rules through which native speakers learn the language without necessarily being aware of. Also, the fact that the syntactic material which has to be taught to non- native Arabic speakers is the general standards that helps such learners to avoid making mistakes and necessarily the special standards adopted by grammarians and scholars of Arabic. Essentially, what we are saying is that learners’ primary concern is with the function rather than the concepts or the definition. This study is the result of an extensive in depth research in the original syntactical resources and what ancient scholars had produced in this field. This, in addition to new Arabic and foreign resources on this subject. All of that is supported by addressing the current state of affairs in the field of teaching Arabic syntax for non-native speakers using several specialized curricula, and through the work of beginners of non- native Arabic speakers. The study produces an example of the functional vision that it adopts through a new vision to teach the three types of plural in Arabic for beginners. ممّا لا شكّ فيه أنّ النّحو أُسُّ العربيّة وبابها وسبيلها وقياسها، وأنّه لابد من تقديم المادّة النّحويّة للطلبة الذين يتعلّمون العربيّة من أبنائها ومن غيرهم. إلا أنّ الخلاف حول الذي نُقدّمه من أبواب النّحو، وكيفية تقديمه، واختيار الوقت الملائم، في ضوء تقديم تعليم بعض أبواب النّحو على أبوابه الأخرى يظلُّ مجالاً للبحث والنّقاش.

The Antioxidant Activity and Thermal Stability of Lemon Verbena (Aloysia triphylla) Infusion

Fatima Abderrahim,Seyer Estrella,Cristina Susin,Silvia M. Arribas,M. Carmen Gonzailez,Luis Condezo-Hoyos 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.5

Because of its good sensorial attributes, lemon verbena is used as a primary ingredient in infusions and nonalcoholic drinks. The present study was designed to assess the antioxidant activity (AA) of lemon verbena infusion (LVI) as well as the thermal stability of its AA and the content of polyphenolic compounds. The values reflecting the AA of LVI, including AA index, fast scavenging rate against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and hydroxyl radical scavenging, are higher than those of many herbal infusions and antioxidant drinks estimated from reported data. In addition, the slope lag time and specific oxyradical antioxidant capacity values of LVI are comparable to those of a commercial antioxidant drink based on green tea. Hence, LVI is a source of bifunctional antioxidants, and thus in vivo studies of the antioxidant capacity of LVI would be useful to evaluate its potential as an ingredient in antioxidant drinks.

Synthesis of Black Phosphorus via a Facile Vapor Transfer Method

Fatima Tuz Johra,Woo-Gwang Jung 대한금속·재료학회 2019 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.15 No.5

Single-layer black phosphorus (BP), known as phosphorene, has recently attracted interest in research due to itsexceptional properties, similar to those of other 2D materials. BP is the most stable allotrope of phosphorus with highdensity. BP can be obtained from other phosphorus allotropes by a number of ways. Due to white phosphorus beinghighly reactive at ≥ 30 °C, researchers tend to work with red phosphorus (RP). In this work, RP powder was heatedunder an argon atmosphere inside a muffle furnace along with tin and iodine at sequential temperatures for differenttimes. All elements were placed inside a quartz ampoule evacuated with a vacuum pump. The ampoule was sealedafter substituting it with argon gas. This method, known as the vapor transfer method, allows to synthesize BP witha ribbon-like structure. FE-SEM analyses revealed that the morphological structure of BP comprised clearly-stackedsheets. The structural analysis of the as-synthesized BP, conducted by XRD, TEM and Raman, showed the successfultransformation of RP into BP.

Lower Incidence but More Aggressive Behavior of Right Sided Breast Cancer in Pakistani Women: Does Right Deserve More Respect?

Fatima, Nosheen,Zaman, Maseeh Uz,Maqbool, Aamir,Khan, Shaista H.,Riaz, Nazia Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.1

Background: The aim of this epidemiological study was to establish the laterality of breast cancer (BC) and its association with size, receptor status of the primary tumor and bone metastasis (BM) in a local population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included cases of BC from Jan-2009 to Dec-2011 who were referred for metastatic work up or follow up survey with Technetium-99m MDP bone scan (BS) to the Nuclear Medicine Department of Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (KIRAN). A total of 384 patients out of 521 were included and all reviewed for age, primary tumor size (PTS), laterality, receptor status like estrogen receptor (ER) progesterone receptor (PR) and Her-2-Neu receptor, presence or absence of BM with sites of involvement and time interval between diagnosis of BC and appearance of BM. Results: The left to right sided BC proportion was significantly higher than unity (59%:41%; p<0.001). The right sided BC was observed in younger age group (46:52 years; p<0.0001) and with a smaller PTS than the left sided (3.43:4.15 cm; p<0.0001). The patients with BM had relatively higher negative receptor status with a significant predominance of right sided BC. The overall incidence of BM on BS was 28% and relatively higher in right than left breast (33%:24% p=0.068). The average number of BM sites was also significantly greater for the right side (6:4, P<0.0001). The % cumulative risk of BM in right breast was noted at significantly smaller PTS than left side with log rank value of 5.579; p<0.05. The Kaplan Meier survival plot for event free survival of BM in left sided BC was significantly higher than for the right side (log rank value=4.155, p<0.05), with an earlier appearance of BM in right BC. Conclusions: 1) A left sided predominance of BC was seen in local population; 2) right sided BC had a more aggressive behavior with extensive and earlier appearance of BM at relatively younger age, smaller PTS and receptor (s) negativity.