문학작품의 감정이입이 독해력과 어휘 학습에 미치는 영향 : Lois Lowry의 The Giver 를 중심으로

김은양,유제분 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2014 교과교육학연구 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구는 텍스트에 대한 학습자의 감정이입 정도가 영어독해력과 어휘 학습에 미치는 영향을 실제 영어수업에서의 실험을 통해 검증하려 한다. 이를 위하여 미국의 대표적 청소년 문학 작품의 하나인 Lois Lowry의 The Giver를 선정하여, 고등학교 3학년 42명을 대상으로 3개월간 실험하였다. 로젠블랫의 반응중심 문학이론을 바탕으로, 실제 수업에서 문학작품이 독자에게 불러일으키는 감정이입 정도와 독해력과 어휘 학습의 관계를 살펴보고 결과를 비교하였다. 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 문학에의 감정이입 정도는 학습자의 독해학습 능력 향상에 효과가 있었다. 학습자가 텍스트에 감정이입을 할수록 몰입도가 상승하여 독해점수가 상승하였다. 2) 문학에의 감정이입의 정도는 학습자의 어휘학습능력 향상에도 효과가 있었다. 3) 감정에 대한 묘사가 많을수록 학습자의 감정이입의 정도가 증가하였다. The Giver의 후반부에 감정 묘사가 두드러지는데, 학습자는 감정의 묘사가 풍부할수록 감정이입의 정도가 향상하였으며, 이에 따라 내용에 보다 몰입하는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 제언할 수 있는 바는 다음과 같다. 1) 문학과 관련하여 학습자가 느끼는 감정의 정도를 측정할 수 있는 표준화된 검사도구가 필요하다. 감정의 개인차를 과학적으로 측정할 수 있다면 감정이입과 문학을 연계하여 다양한 연구가 가능할 것이다. 2) 반응중심 문학학습을 인지 학습의 영역의 확대로 연결해 볼 수 있겠다. 사회적 공감을 불러일으키는 문제를 교실 속에서 다양한 문학작품을 이용하여 시도해 볼 수 있겠다. 3) 독서교육과 연계하여 학습자의 감정이입을 통해 스스로의 문제를 텍스트를통해 치유하고 답을 찾아갈 수 있도록 유도할 수 있다. This study investigated the effects of readers’ empathy with English texts on their reading ability and word acquisition. Lois Lowry's The Giver was chosen for this study. This young adult novel is divided into two distinct parts in terms of affection and empathy. The narrative of the earlier chapters are dry and unemotional because of the manner in which an emotionally controlled dystopian society is described. The chapters of the second half of the novel, however, tend to evoke empathy on the part of the readers since they focus mainly on the protagonist, Jonas: his vivid feelings of pleasure, agony, suffering, and terror. This study examined whether the students could remember the words and understand the context of the story better with a higher degree of empathy. The study was conducted with 42 high school students who were asked to read particular chapters of the novel, chapters that were different in their affective style and content. After the experiment, the degree of student empathy was examined through a questionnaire and individual interviews. The major findings of the study were: first, a high degree of empathy with the text has a positive effect on students' reading ability. Second, a high degree of empathy with the text can be helpful in improving word acquisition. Third, Students’ potential empathy can increase with the affective narrative of the novel.

National Epidemiologic Survey of Thyroid cancer (NEST)in Korea

Chang-Mo Oh,공현주,Eunyang Kim,Hyejin Kim,정규원,박소희,Young-Joo Won 한국역학회 2018 Epidemiology and Health Vol.40 No.-

The Korea Central Cancer Registry conducted the National Epidemiologic Survey of Thyroid cancer (NEST) to investigate changes in the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of thyroid cancer patients between 1999 and 2008. The NEST was designed to collect representative samples of patients with thyroid cancer diagnosed in the years 1999, 2005, and 2008 using a proportionally stratified and systematic random sampling method. Among 42,891 participants diagnosed with thyroid cancer, 5,796 participants were included in the final study population. This survey collected information on diagnostic methods and date, route of diagnosis, prior medical history and history of thyroid-related disease, tumor, lymph node, metastasis and collaborative stage, and treatment. The NEST dataset was also linked to the cause-of-death database from Statistics Korea. The mean age of the study participants was 46.9 years. The ratio of men to women was 1:5.5. In the analysis of the histologic type of cancer, the proportion of papillary thyroid carcinoma showed an increasing trend (p<0.01). In contrast, the proportion of distant metastasis and the mean tumor size of thyroid cancers showed decreasing trends over time (p<0.01, respectively).

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korea: an Analysis of the 2015 Korean Na-tionwide Cancer Registry

( Jun Sik Yoon ),( Han Ah Lee ),( Hwi Young Kim ),( Dong Hyun Sinn ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Suk Kyun Hong ),( Ju-yeon Cho ),( Jonggi Choi ),( Young Chang ),( Hyun-joo Kong ),( Eunyang Kim ),( Young-joo Won 대한간암학회 2021 대한간암학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Background/Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Korea. This study evaluated the characteristics of Korean patients newly diagnosed with HCC in 2015. Methods: Data from the Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry (KPLCR), a representative sample of patients newly diagnosed with HCC in Korea, were analyzed. A total of 1,558 patients with HCC registered in the KPLCR in 2015 were investigated. Results: The median age was 61.0 years (interquartile range, 54.0-70.0 years), and men accounted for 79.7% of the subjects. Hepatitis B virus infection was the most common underlying liver disease (58.1%). According to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, stage 0, A, B, C, and D HCCs accounted for 14.2%, 26.3%, 12.7%, 39.0%, and 7.8% of patients, respectively. Transarterial therapy (29.5%) was the most commonly performed initial treatment, followed by surgical resection (25.1%), best supportive care (20.2%), and local ablation therapy (10.5%). Overall, 42.4% of patients were treated in accordance with the BCLC guidelines: 61.7% in stage 0/A, 39.0% in stage B, 18.1% in stage C, and 71.6% in stage D. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 66.5%, 49.0%, and 17.0%, respectively. Conclusions: In 2015, approximately 40% of Korean HCC cases were diagnosed at a very early or early stage, and 35% of patients underwent potentially curative initial treatment. BCLC guidance was followed in 42.4% of patients; in patients with stage B or C disease, there was relatively low adherence. (J Liver Cancer 2021;21:58-68)

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korea Between 2008 and 2011: an Analysis of Korean Nationwide Cancer Registry

( Jun Sik Yoon ),( Han Ah Lee ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Bo Hyun Kim ),( In Joon Lee ),( Young Eun Chon ),( Suk Kyun Hong ),( Dong Hyeon Lee ),( Hyun-joo Kong ),( Young-joo Won ),( Eunyang Kim ),( Jeong-ho 대한간암학회 2020 대한간암학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Backgrounds/Aims: Backgrounds/Aims: In Korea, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and results in the second-highest cancer death rate among all cancers. We aimed to describe the characteristics of patients who were newly diagnosed with HCC in Korea between 2008 and 2011. Methods: The Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry (KPLCR) is a random sample consisting of approximately 15% of patients with newly diagnosed primary liver cancer registered in the Korean Central Cancer Registry. We investigated the baseline characteristics, treatment modalities, and overall survival (OS) of patients with HCC registered in the KPLCR between 2008 and 2011. Results: A total of 6,083 patients were histologically or radiologically diagnosed with HCC. The hepatitis B virus was the predominant HCC etiology (72.0%). According to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, stages 0, A, B, C, and D accounted for 8.6%, 39.7%, 11.5%, 33.8%, and 6.9%, respectively. Transarterial therapy (41.7%) was the most commonly performed initial treatment, followed by best supportive care (21.7%), surgical resection (16.7%), and local ablation therapies (10.6%). The overall rate of adherence to the BCLC treatment guideline was only 37.7%. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 65.6%, 46.2%, and 36.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Between 2008 and 2011, approximately half of patients with HCC (48.3%) were candidates for curative treatment (BCLC stage 0 or A), but one-third of patients (33.8%) had advanced HCC (BCLC stage C). Transarterial therapy was the most commonly conducted initial treatment and the 5-year OS rate was 36.8% in this period. (J Liver Cancer 2020;20:41-52)

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korea between 2012 and 2014: an Analysis of Data from the Korean Nationwide Cancer Registry

전영은,이한아,Jun Sik Yoon,박준용,Bo Hyun Kim,In Joon Lee,Suk Kyun Hong,Dong Hyeon Lee,Hyun-Joo Kong,Eunyang Kim,Young-Joo Won,Jeong Hoon Lee 대한간암학회 2020 대한간암학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Background/Aims: Considering the high prevalence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Korea, accurate statistics for HCC are important. We evaluated the characteristics of Korean patients with newly diagnosed HCC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated data from the Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry (KPLCR). The baseline characteristics, treatment modalities, and overall survival (OS) of 4,572 patients with HCC registered in the KPLCR between 2012 and 2014 were investigated. Results: At the time of HCC diagnosis, the median age was 60.0 years, with male predominance (79.6%). Hepatitis B virus infection was the most common etiology (59.1%). The rates of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages 0, A, B, C, and D at diagnosis were 3.9%, 36.9%, 12.5%, 39.4%, and 7.3%, respectively. The proportion of very early or early stage HCC at diagnosis (BCLC stage 0 or A) in the 2012-2014 cohort was significantly lower than that in the 2008-2011 cohort (40.8%vs. 48.3%, P<0.001). Transarterial therapy (37.5%) was the most commonly performed initial treatment, followed by surgical resection (19.8%), best supportive care (19.1%), and local ablation (10.6%). The median OS was 2.9 years, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 67.7%, 49.3% and 41.9%, respectively. The OS rate of the 2012-2014 cohort was significantly higher than that of the 2008-2011 cohort (log-rank, P<0.001). Conclusions: The OS of HCC patients registered in the KPLCR between 2012 and 2014 significantly improved. Nevertheless, as about half of the HCC patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage, vigorous and optimized HCC screening strategies should be implemented.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korea between 2012 and 2014: An Analysis of Korean Nationwide Cancer Registry

( Young Eun Chon ),( Han Ah Lee ),( Jun Sik Yoon ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Bo Hyun Kim ),( In Joon Lee ),( Suk Kyun Hong ),( Dong Hyeon Lee ),( Hyun-joo Kong ),( Young-joo Won ),( Eunyang Kim ),( Jeong-ho 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Considering the high prevalence and the mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Korea, accurate statistics for HCC is important. We evaluated the characteristics of newly diagnosed Korean HCC patients between 2012 and 2014. Methods: Data from The Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry (KPLCR) which consists of approximately 15% random sample of entire HCC patients in the Korean Central Cancer Registry were utilized. Baseline characteristics, treatment modalities, and overall survival (OS) of 4,572 patients with HCC registered in the KPLCR between 2012 and 2014 have been investigated. Results: At the time of HCC diagnosis, mean age was 60.0±10.8 years, with male predominance (79.6%). Hepatitis B virus was the predominant etiology (59.1%). The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages at diagnosis were 3.9%, 36.9%, 12.5%, 39.4% and 7.3% for BCLC stage 0, A, B, C, and D, respectively. The proportion of HCC diagnosed at BCLC stage 0 or A between 2012 and 2014 were significantly lower compared to that between 2008 and 2011 (40.8% vs. 48.3%, P<0.001). Transarterial therapy (37.5%) was the most commonly performed initial treatment, followed by surgical resection (19.8%), best supportive care (19.1%), and local ablation therapies (10.6%). The median survival was 2.9 years, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 67.7%, 49.3% and 41.9%, respectively. The OS of HCC patients between 2012 and 2014 was significantly longer than that of patients between 2008 and 2011 (log-rank test, P<0.001). Conclusions: About half of the patients (46.7%) were diagnosed at advanced HCC (BCLC stage C or D). Although large proportion of HCC patients between 2012 and 2014 were diagnosed at advanced stages, the OS has been improved which warrants further analysis.