http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Microbiota-Derived Lactate Accelerates Intestinal Stem-Cell-Mediated Epithelial Development
Lee, Yong-Soo,Kim, Tae-Young,Kim, Yeji,Lee, Su-Hyun,Kim, Seungil,Kang, Sung Wan,Yang, Jin-Young,Baek, In-Jeoung,Sung, Young Hoon,Park, Yun-Yong,Hwang, Sung Wook,O, Eunju,Kim, Kwang Soon,Liu, Siqing,Ka Elsevier 2018 Cell host & microbe Vol.24 No.6
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Symbionts play an indispensable role in gut homeostasis, but underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To clarify the role of lactic-acid-producing bacteria (LAB) on intestinal stem-cell (ISC)-mediated epithelial development, we fed mice with LAB-type symbionts such as <I>Bifidobacterium</I> and <I>Lactobacillus</I> spp. Here we show that administration of LAB-type symbionts significantly increased expansion of ISCs, Paneth cells, and goblet cells. Lactate stimulated ISC proliferation through Wnt/β-catenin signals of Paneth cells and intestinal stromal cells. Moreover, <I>Lactobacillus plantarum</I> strains lacking lactate dehydrogenase activity, which are deficient in lactate production, elicited less ISC proliferation. Pre-treatment with LAB-type symbionts or lactate protected mice in response to gut injury provoked by combined treatments with radiation and a chemotherapy drug. Impaired ISC-mediated epithelial development was found in mice deficient of the lactate G-protein-coupled receptor, Gpr81. Our results demonstrate that LAB-type symbiont-derived lactate plays a pivotal role in promoting ISC-mediated epithelial development in a Gpr81-dependent manner.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Symbiont-generated lactate is critical for Lgr5<SUP>+</SUP> ISC-mediated epithelial development </LI> <LI> Lactate signals through the G-protein-coupled receptor Gpr81 to elicit ISC proliferation </LI> <LI> <I>Lactobacillus plantarum</I> lacking lactate dehydrogenase fails to induce ISC regeneration </LI> <LI> Pre-feeding of lactate protects mice from chemotherapy- and radiation-induced gut damage </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Sang Mong Lee,Nam Sook Park,Eunju Park 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.11 No.1
Dongchunghacho rice, produced by cultivating Dongchunghacho fungus on rice, could be an effective functional food because it offers added value to rice and thus increases rice consumption. However, the physiological effect of Dongchunghacho rice has not been reported yet although there is increasing consumers demand. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Dongchunghacho rice (unpolished rice cultivated with Cordyceps militaris) on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats. Forty of 8 wk-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups after a 1 week of adaptation period and fed either a normal diet (66% polished rice diet, NC), high fat (12 g/100 g)-high cholesterol (1 g/100 g) diet with 53% polished rice (HC), or high fat-high cholesterol diets supplemented with 30% of the total rice as either unpolished rice (UR) or Dongchunghacho rice (DR). After 4 weeks, rats fed the Dongchunghacho rice diet with high fat and cholesterol had dramatically lower plasma LDL cholesterol concentrations and atherogenic indexes and higher plasma HDL cholesterol levels compared with the rats consuming polished rice or unpolished rice with high fat and cholesterol diet. Dongchunghacho rice led to less total lipid and total cholesterol accumulation in liver. However, these significant reductions in plasma or hepatic lipid profiles were not closely correlated with fecal total lipid or total cholesterol excretion. The plasma concentration of total cholesterol and triglycerides were not affected by Dongchunghacho rice. This hypolipidemic effect of Dongchunghacho rice seemed to be unrelated to unpolished rice itself, because the plasma and hepatic lipid profiles of UR group were not different from that of the HC group. These results suggest that unpolished rice containing cultivated Cordyceps militaris can improve plasma and hepatic lipid profiles in rats fed with high fat-high cholesterol diet.
Eunju Park,Gyeong-Im Jeon,Nam-Sook Park,Byung-Rae Jin,Sang-Mong Lee 한국식품과학회 2007 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.16 No.6
We evaluated the effect of soybean dongchunghacho [SD, cultivated dongchunghacho fungus (Paecilomyces tenuipes) on soybeans] on dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in male F344 rats. The animals were divided into 3 groups and fed a casein-based high-fat, low fiber diet without (DMH group) or with 13%(w/w) of soybean (DMH+S group), or SD (DMH+SD group). One week after beginning the diets, rats were treated weekly with DMH (30 mg/kg, s.c.) for 6 weeks; dietary treatments were continued for the entire experiment and endpoints measured at 9 weeks after the first DMH injection. SD supplementation reduced DMH-induced DNA damage in colon cells and reduced plasma lipid peroxidation. Thus, SD may have therapeutic potential for early-stage colon carcinogenesis.
Static and dynamic correlations in a charged membrane.
Sung, Wokyung,Choi, Eunju,Kim, Yong Woon Published by the American Physical Society through 2006 Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and so Vol.74 No.3
<P>We study static and dynamic correlations of two fluctuations, the charge density fluctuation and height fluctuation (undulation), on a fluid membrane with a finite excess charge in a viscous fluid. For a planar and symmetrical membrane, we consider a model Hamiltonian inclusive of the fluctuations at the Gaussian level, and construct their equations of motion. Within the model, there exists no coupling, either static or dynamic, between the two fluctuations. The correlation function of the charge density has a short-range damped oscillation over the size of lipid heads due to Coulomb attraction between unlike-charged lipids. Its dynamic correlation function is shown to decay much faster in time than that in simple diffusion. The correlation function of height undulation, on the other hand, has a long-range damped oscillation (bud) over the membrane size, due to Coulomb repulsion among the excess charges. As the excess charge density increases to a critical value, a bending instability sets in, where a minute perturbation on the membrane can cause a large bud to form. Due to the excess charge, the dynamic correlation of the undulation decays slowly in time; at the critical density of the instability, the decay becomes infinitely slow.</P>
Characteristics of a Subset of Achalasia With Normal Integrated Relaxation Pressure
( Eunju Kim ),( In Kyung Yoo ),( Dong Keon Yon ),( Joo Young Cho ),( Sung Pyo Hong ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2020 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.26 No.2
Background/Aims Integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) is a critical diagnostic criterion to define achalasia. However, there are some cases with typical symptoms and signs of achalasia but with normal IRP. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with achalasia with normal IRP and outcomes after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). Methods Patients with achalasia were collected in whom POEM was performed from November 2014 to April 2018 at CHA Bundang Medical Center. Achalasia with normal IRP was defined by findings compatible to achalasia in Eckardt score, endoscopy with endoscopic ultrasound, high-resolution manometry, impedance planimetry (EndoFlip), and timed esophagogram. Results POEM was performed in 89 patients with achalasia; among them, 24 (27%) patients were diagnosed with achalasia with normal IRP. Patients with achalasia with normal IRP were older, had longer duration of symptom, and had a more tortuous esophagus. In EndoFlip, the distensibility index and cross-sectional area were higher in patients with normal IRP. Therapeutic outcomes showed no statistically significant differences. On correlation analysis, IRP had negative correlations with age, disease duration, and distensibility index. Conclusions Patients with achalasia of normal IRP value were older and had longer disease duration and higher distensibility index and cross-sectional area than patients with achalasia with abnormal relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter. Therapeutic outcomes were not different between the 2 groups. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020;26:274-280)