The ethanol extract of <i>Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa</i> seeds ameliorates the memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice

Park, Hye Jin,Jung, In Ho,Kwon, Huiyoung,Yu, Jimin,Jo, Eunbi,Kim, Haneul,Park, Se Jin,Lee, Young Choon,Kim, Dong Hyun,Ryu, Jong Hoon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 2019 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.233 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Ethnopharmacological relevance</B></P> <P>The seeds of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H.F. Chow (Rhamnaceae) have long been treated as hypnotic agent for sleep disturbances in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine and many previous studies have focused on its effect in central nervous system.</P> <P><B>Aims of study</B></P> <P>The present study aimed to provide evidence showing that the ethanol extract of <I>Zizyphus jujuba</I> var. <I>spinosa</I> seeds (EEZS), which may regulate plasmin activity, has the potential to serve as a therapeutic agent for AD.</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P>Synaptic function was determined by measuring long-term potentiation (LTP) in Shaffer-collateral pathway of the hippocampus. Protein levels of plasmin or plasminogen were examined using western blotting. Plasmin activity was measured using ELISA. Cognitive functions were measured using passive avoidance and object recognition tests in the 5XFAD mice.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Our <I>in vitro</I> analysis revealed that EEZS-treated hippocampal slices from 5XFAD mice, a mouse model of AD, showed significantly higher long-term potentiation levels than did vehicle-treated hippocampal slices from 5XFAD mice (<I>P</I> < 0.05). Additionally, EEZS significantly elevated the plasmin level and activity in the hippocampal slices from 5XFAD mice (<I>P</I> < 0.05). Co-treating the slices with EEZS and 6-aminocaproic acid, a plasmin inhibitor, blocked the ameliorating effects of EEZS on the synaptic deficits that were present in 5XFAD mice. Compatible with the <I>in vitro</I> study, the results of our <I>in vivo</I> investigation showed that administering EEZS orally to 5XFAD mice ameliorated their memory impairments. Orally administered EEZS also elevated the plasmin level and activity in the hippocampus of 5XFAD mice.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Collectively, our findings suggest that EEZS alleviates the AD-like symptoms in 5XFAD mice by regulating of plasmin activity and EEZS may be a suitable treatment for AD.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Transcranial application of magnetic pulses for improving brain drug delivery effi ciency via intranasal injection of magnetic nanoparticles

Eunbi Ye,Eunkyoung Park,Eunseon Kim,Jung Eun Lee,Seung Ho Yang,Sung-Min Park 대한의용생체공학회 2023 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.13 No.3

As the blood–brain barrier (BBB) hinders efficient drug delivery to the brain, drug delivery via the intranasal pathway,bypassing the BBB, has received considerable attention. However, intranasal administration still has anatomical and physiologicallimitations, necessitating further solutions to enhance effectiveness. In this study, we used transcranial magneticstimulation (TMS) on fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of different sizes (50, 100, and 300 nm) to facilitateMNP’s transportation and delivery to the brain parenchyma. To validate this concept, anesthetized rats were intranasallyinjected with the MNPs, and TMS was applied to the center of the head. As the result, a two-fold increase in brain MNPdelivery was achieved using TMS compared with passive intranasal administration. In addition, histological analysis thatwas performed to investigate the safety revealed no gross or microscopic damages to major organs caused by the nanoparticles. While future studies should establish the delivery conditions in humans, we expect an easy clinical translation interms of device safety, similar to the use of conventional TMS. The strategy reported herein is the first critical step towardseffective drug transportation to the brain.

Role of Angiogenin-mediated tRNA Fragmentation in Transmission of Diet-Induced Metabolic Stress

Eunbi Lee,Seo Yoon Choi,Jihye Park,Anders M. Lindroth,Yoon Jung Park 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

Epigenetic dysregulation has been suggested as one of the possible mechanisms by which parental metabolic stress is transmitted into the offspring. We investigated how the paternal diet stress was transmitted through male germline. Firstly, we analyzed differential metabolic pathway in sperms in response to high fat diet (HFD) using metabolome data. Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was upregulated in HFD group. Next, tRNA modification-related genes were investigated. Their expression levels were increased in testis by HFD. As known upregulated Angiogenin (Ang) expression induces tRNA fragmentation, we analyzed small RNAs in sperm using smRNA sequencing. The amount of 5" fragments were increased in HFD. Finally, activated mTOR pathway in testis were detected as an upstream regulator. We validated that mTOR activation with compound C increased Ang expression and subsequently tRNA fragmentation. Results from smRNA seq analysis showed a greater number of tRNA fragments in mTOR activating cells. In conclusion, our data suggested that chronic mTOR activity induction by diet stress led to upregulation of Ang-mediated tRNA fragmentation, which might be a key of transgenerational mechanism.

Physicochemical quality, antioxidant compounds, and activity of Korean wild chive (Allium monanthum Maxim.) harvested in spring season

Eunbi Park,Jisu Lee,Hyerin Shim,Youngjae Shin 한국산업식품공학회 2021 학술대회 및 심포지엄 Vol.2021 No.10

공간적 상관성을 고려한 민수용 도시가스 수요결정 요인 분석

박은비 ( Eunbi Park ),원두환 ( Doohwan Won ) 한국환경경제학회·한국자원경제학회 2024 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.33 No.1

최근 도시가스 수요에 관한 연구는 광역별, 지역별로 각 지역 특성을 반영하여 미시적 관점에서 접근하는 경향이 확대되는 추세이다. 이때 인접지역이 가지는 사회구조의 유사성과 공급 인프라의 밀집성은 지역 간 미시적인 관계를 가지는 군집성과 공간적 상관성을 유도한다. 이에 민수용 도시가스 수요에 대해 34개 도시가스사의 관할지역을 기준으로 총 54개의 지역으로 구분한 후 공간 상관성을 분석한 결과 전역적, 국지적 관점에서 양의 공간적 상관성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 2014년 1월부터 2022년 12월까지 54개 지역에 대한 민수용 도시가스 수요를 패널데이터로 구성하여 공간패널회귀분석과 일반 패널회귀분석을 비교하였으며, 오차에 공간적 효과가 존재하는 공간오차모형(SEM)이 가장 적합한 모형임을 도출할 수 있었다. 이는 한 지역의 민수용 도시가스 수요가 인접지역과 유의한 관계가 있음을 확인함으로써 정책적, 실무적 시사점을 제시한다. Recently, research on city gas demand is increasing by reflecting the characteristics of each region. The similarity of the social structure of the adjacent region and the density of the supply infrastructure induce spatial correlation with the clustering that has a microscopic relationship between regions. Accordingly, as a result of analyzing the spatial correlation after dividing the demand for city gas for civilian use into a total of 54 regions based on the jurisdiction of 34 city gas companies, it was confirmed that there was a positive spatial correlation from a global and local perspective. In this study, the demand for city gas for civilian use for 54 regions from January 2014 to December 2022 was composed of panel data, and the spatial panel regression analysis and the general panel regression analysis were compared, and it was found that the spatial error model (SEM) was the most suitable model. This presents policy and practical implications by confirming that the demand for city gas for civilian use in one region has a significant relationship with the adjacent region.

AI 음악생성기(Music Generator)의 음악작품 분석 및 음악교육적 시사점 고찰

박은비(Eunbi Park) 한국음악교육학회 2024 음악교육연구 Vol.53 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 AI 음악생성기가 만든 음악 작품을 분석하고, 음악 교육적 시사점을 고찰하는 것이다. 연구 대상으로는 AI 전문가들이 추천한 대중적 음악생성기 중에서 자동으로 음악을 생성하고, 다양한 성부를 가지며, 입력값의 내용이 음악 요소를 포함하고 있다는 3가지 조건을 동시에 만족하는 4개의 음악생성기를 선정하고, 각각 3개씩 음악 작품을 만들어 이를 분석하였다. 작품 분석은 서양 음악 분석에서 전통적으로 활용해 온 요소 분석에 근거하였으며, 하위 분석 요소는 음악과 교육과정에 제시된 내용을 바탕으로 리듬, 가락, 화성, 형식의 4가지로 한정하였다. 이 연구의 결론을 정리하자면, 첫째, AI 음악생성기를 활용해 만든 음악 작품들은 다양한 리듬과 가락 요소를 활용하고 있지만, 화성과 형식적 측면에서 부분적으로 부조화가 나타나고 있다. 둘째, AI 음악생성기는 기계가 원하는 음악을 만들고 있으며, 사용자가 원하는 음악을 얻기 위해서는 사용자 자신의 음악적 역량이 요구된다. 셋째, AI 음악생성기를 활용하여 사용자가 원하는 음악을 얻기 위해서는 음악을 구성하는 요소나 개념에 대해 정확히 이해하고, 그것을 매체에서 구현할 수 있는 AI 음악 리터러시도 요구된다. The purpose of this study is to analyze music works created by an AI music generator, and to contemplate the educational implications of music. The four music generators that satisfy following three conditions were chosen as the subject of study: create music automatically, have the variety of voices, and input contents contain musical elements. Then three music works were created by each chosen generator and analyzed. The analysis of music was based on the elemental analysis that have been using traditionally in Western Music. The sub-analysis elements were selected based on the contents presented in the music curriculum, and those are rhythm, melody, harmony, and form. As a conclusion of the study, musical works created by an AI music generator utilize various rhythms and melodic elements, but there is partial mismatch in harmony and form. Another conclusion is that the AI music generator creates the music the machine wants, and the user's own musical capabilities are required to obtain the music the user wants. Lastly, an AI music generator demands the AI music literacy that accurately understand the elements and concepts to make music that can be implemented in a media.

사용자의 유희적 경험을 중시한 모바일 치매 예방 게임

박서윤(SeoYoon Park),고은비(Eunbi Ko),박시원(Siwon Park),이승아(SeungAh Lee),최종인(JongIn Choi),박수이(SuE Park) 한국정보통신학회 2022 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.26 No.1

다당류 기반 고분자 흡수체 개발 및 해양 생분해성 검증

박제희(Jehee Park),최신형(Shinhyeong Choe),고은비(Eunbie Ko),이승민(Seungmin Lee),김효이(Hyoyi Kim),박지혜(Jihye Park),명재욱(Jaewook Myung) 대한환경공학회 2022 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

바이오리엑터를 이용한 산업용 바이오소재 대량생산 시스템: 천연물에서 재조합 단백질까지

박소영(So-Young Park),Thanh-Tam Ho,장은비(Eunbi Jang),한종은(Jong-Eun Han),박윤지(Yun-Ji Park) 한국원예학회 2019 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2019 No.10

Expression of Ion Channels in Perivascular Stem Cells derived from Human Umbilical Cords

Eunbi Kim,Won Sun Park,Seok-Ho Hong 한국발생생물학회 2017 발생과 생식 Vol.21 No.1

Potassium channels, the largest group of pore proteins, selectively regulate the flow of potassium (K+) ions across cell membranes. The activity and expression of K+ channels are critical for the maintenance of normal functions in vessels and neurons, and for the regulation of cell differentiation and maturation. However, their role and expression in stem cells have been poorly understood. In this study, we isolated perivascular stem cells (PVCs) from human umbilical cords and investigated the expression patterns of big-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) and voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We also examined the effect of high glucose (HG, 25 mM) on expression levels of BKCa and Kv channels in PVCs. KCa1.1, KCaβ3, Kv1.3, Kv3.2, and Kv6.1 were detected in undifferentiated PVCs. In addition, HG treatment increased the amounts of BKCaβ3a, BKCaβ4, Kv1.3, Kv1.6, and Kv6.1 transcripts. These results suggested that ion channels may have important functions in the growth and differentiation of PVCs, which could be influenced by HG exposure.