Effect of Iron-nanoparticles and Iron-microparticles on Erythropoiesis and Iron-storage in Iron-deficiency Anemic Mice

Jong-Soo Kim, Young Mi Kim, Ki-ho Lee, Dang-Young Kim, Bong Su Kang, Ja Seon Yoon, Yoon-Bok Lee, Jae-Hwang Jeong, Sang Yoon Nam, Young Won Yun, Beom Jun Lee 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.2

Iron is an essential trace element for normal functions of the body. Restriction of iron availability directly limits erythropoiesis. The objective of this experiment was to compare the bioavailability of iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) with iron-microparticles (Fe-MPs) in anemic mice. There were four experimental groups, including the normal control group, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) group, Fe-NPs group, and Fe-MPs group. Animals in the normal group fed on an adequate iron-containing diet (45 ppm Fe). Meanwhile, animals in the other three groups fed on a low Fe diet (4.5 ppm Fe) for seven weeks. Double deionized water was supplied as drinking water ad libitum. After feeding for three weeks with the low Fe diet, animals in the Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs groups received oral administration of Fe-NPs or Fe-MPs at a daily dose of 40 mg/kg for four weeks. The IDA group showed markedly decreased red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Hct), and hemoglobin (Hb) values compared with the normal group throughout the experimental periods. Treatments with Fe-NPs or Fe-MPs for four weeks resulted in restoration of the decreased RBC count and hematological values similar to normal values. The Fe-NPs group showed faster restoration in values than Fe-MPs with passage of time. The iron contents of the upper small intestine in the Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs groups were higher than in the normal group at weeks 2 and 4. Treatment with Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs resulted in a significant increase in hepatic iron contents and lipid peroxidation, compared with the IDA group with passage of time. The iron contents in liver and ferritin deposits in spleen were identified in the Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs groups, similar to the normal group. These results indicate that oral administration of both Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs can result in recovery from anemia and Fe-NPs is more absorbable and available in the body than Fe-MPs.

Enhancement of negative hydrogen ion production at low pressure by controlling the electron kinetics property with transverse magnetic field

Kim, June Young,Cho, Won-Hwi,Dang, Jeong-Jeung,Kim, Seongcheol,Chung, Kyoung-Jae,Hwang, Y S IOP 2016 Plasma sources science & technology Vol.25 No.6

<P>In a volume production H<SUP>−</SUP> ion source, independent control of electron energy distribution between the driver region and the extraction region is crucial for the efficient production of H<SUP>−</SUP> ions due to its unique volume production mechanism. However, at the low pressure regime compatible to ITER operation, it is difficult to control electron energy distribution separately because the nonlocal property dominates the electron kinetics. In this work, we suggest a new method to control the locality of electron kinetics. In this method, an additional pair of permanent magnets is introduced in the vicinity of the skin layer, differently from the conventional method in which the magnetic filter field was strengthened in the extraction region. This magnetic field shortens the energy relaxation length and changes the electron kinetics from nonlocal to local even for low pressure discharges. In this paper, we show that the locality of electron kinetics can be effectively controlled by the additional magnetic field near the skin layer by measuring the electron temperature profile along the center of the discharge chamber as well as by comparing electron energy probability function shapes for different strengths of magnetic field. Using this new method, we demonstrate that control of locality of electron kinetics can greatly enhance the production of H<SUP>−</SUP> ions in the extraction region by measuring H<SUP>−</SUP> ion beam current extracted from the plasma source.</P>

Flexible Hilbert-Curve Loop Antenna Having a Triple-Band and Omnidirectional Pattern for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

Kim, Dang-Oh,Kim, Che-Young,Yang, Dae-Geun Hindawi Limited 2012 International journal of antennas and propagation Vol.2012 No.-

<P>A triple-band flexible loop antenna is proposed for WLAN/WiMAX applications in this paper. The proposed antenna is formed by the third-order Hilbert-curve and bending type structure which provides flexible characteristics. Even though the radius of the curvature for bending antennas is changed, a triple-band feature still remains in the proposed antenna. Moreover, the antenna exhibits the characteristics of omnidirectional radiation pattern and circular polarization. To verify the receiving performance of antenna, a simulation on the antenna factor was conducted by an EM simulator. Based on these results, the suggested antenna makes a noteworthy performance over typical loop antennas.</P>

Modulation by Melatonin of the Cardiotoxic and Antitumor Activities of Adriamycin

Kim, Chunghui,Kim, Nari,Joo, Hyun,Youm, Jae Boum,Park, Won Sun,Cuong, Dang Van,Park, Young Shik,Kim, Euiyong,Min, Churl-Ki,Han, Jin Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2005 Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology Vol.46 No.2

In this study, we investigated the effects of melatonin on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity both in vivo in rats and in vitro, and on the antitumor activities of adriamycin on MDA-231 and NCI breast cancer cells. Rats that received a single intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg adriamycin showed a mortality rate of 86%, which was reduced to 20% by melatonin treatment (10 mg/kg, SC for 6 days). Melatonin attenuated adriamycin-induced body-weight loss, hemodynamic dysfunction, and the morphologic and biochemical alterations caused by adriamycin. Melatonin also reduced adriamycin-induced nuclear DNA fragmentation, as assessed by the comet assay. In addition, the antitumor activity of adriamycin could be maintained using lower doses of this drug in combination with melatonin. Melatonin treatment in the concentration range of 0.1-2.5 mM inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cells. In terms of oncolytic activity, the combination of adriamycin and melatonin improved the antitumor activity of adriamycin, as indicated by an increase in the number of long-term survivors as well as decreases in body-weight losses resulting from adriamycin treatment. These results indicate that melatonin not only protects against adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity but also enhances its antitumor activity. This combination of melatonin and adriamycin represents a potentially useful regimen for the treatment of human neoplasms because it allows the use of lower doses of adriamycin, thereby avoiding the toxic side effects associated with this drug.

Bioavailability of Iron-nanoparticles with Ascorbic Acid in Anemic Mice

Dang Young Kim,Boram Lee,Bong Su Kang,Ja Seon Yoon,정재황,Eun-young Kim,남상윤,윤영원,김종수,이범준 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.1

Recently, iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) have been used for cancer diagnosis and therapy for imaging contrast and drug delivery. However, there was no report on nutritional bioavailability of the Fe-NPs in the body. Ascorbic acid (AA) is known to help the absorption of iron in stomach by reducing Fe (III) to Fe (II). In this study, we investigated the bioavailability of Fe-NPs with AA in iron-deficiency-anemic mice in comparison with non-nano iron particles. Iron-deficient anemia was induced by feeding iron-deficient diet (4.5 mg Fe/kg) and ocular bleeding from retro-orbital venous plexus for 4 weeks. Normal control mice were given normal diet (45 mg Fe/kg). After induction of anemia in mice, Fe (40 mg/kg B.W.) + AA (5 g/kg B.W) and Fe-NPs (40 mg/kg B.W) + AA (5 g/kg B.W) were orally administered daily to the anemic mice. After sacrifice, liver and spleen tissues were observed by haematoxylin & eosin stain. Amount of trace iron in liver and upper small intestine was investigated using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer. Red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), and total iron binding capacity were also measured. The concentrations of iron in Fe-NPs + AA group were significantly higher in liver and in upper small intestine than that in Fe + AA group. The values of RBC, Hct, and Hb in Fe-NPs + AA group were more rapidly increased to normal values compared with Fe + AA group with increasing time. These results suggest that Fe-NPs in the presence of AA may be more bioavailable than non-nano Fe in Fe-deficient anemic mice.

Detection of Mitochondrial ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Rat Cardiomyocytes

Dang Van Cuong,Nari Kim,Euiyong Kim,Youngsuk Lee,Hyunju Kim,Sunghyun Kang,Dae Young Hur,Hyun Joo,Young Shik Park,Yong Geun Hong,Sangkyung Lee,Joonyong Chung,Daehyun Seog,Jin Han 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2004 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.8 No.4

Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoK<SUB>ATP</SUB>) channels play a role in early and late ischemic preconditioning. Nevertheless, the subunit composition of mitoK<SUB>ATP</SUB> channels remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the subunit composition of mitoK<SUB>ATP</SUB> channels in mitochondria isolated from rat cardiac<FONT COLOR=RED><SPAN STYLE= font-size:11pt; > </SPAN>myocytes. Mitochondria were visualized using the red fluorescence probe, Mitrotracker Red, while mitoK<SUB>ATP</SUB> channels were visualized using the green fluorescence probe, glibenclamide-BODIPY. The immunofluorescence confocal microscopy revealed the presence of Kir6.1, Kir6.2 and SUR2 present in the cardiac mitochondria. Western blot analysis was carried to further investigate the nature of mitoK<SUB>ATP</SUB> channels. For SUR proteins, a 140-kDa immunoreactive band that corresponded to SUR2, but no SUR1 was detected. For Kir6.2, three bands (∼44, ∼46, and ∼30 kDa) were detected, and a specific ∼46-kDa immunoreactive band corresponding to Kir6.1 was also observed. These observations suggest that the subunits of mitoK<SUB>ATP</SUB> channels in rat myocytes include Kir6.1, Kir6.2, and a<FONT COLOR=RED><SPAN STYLE= font-size:11pt; > </SPAN>SUR2-related sulfonylurea-binding protein.

Comparison in Bioavailability of orally administered Iron-nanoparticles and Iron-microparticles in Iron-deficiency Anemic(IDA) Mice

Dang-Young Kim,Ja Seon Yoon,Ja Kyung Seol,Ju Sung Kang,Sang Yoon Nam,Young Won Yun,Jong-Soo Kim,Beom Jun Lee 한국실험동물학회 2013 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.8

Effect of Iron-nanoparticles and Iron-microparticles on Erythropoiesis and Iron-storage in Iron-deficiency Anemic Mice

YOUNG-MI KIM,Ki-ho Lee,Dang Young Kim,Bong Su Kang,Ja Seon Yoon,Yoon-Bok Lee,정재황,남상윤,윤영원,김종수,이범준 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.2

Iron is an essential trace element for normal body’s functions. The restriction of iron availability directly limits erythropoiesis. The objective of this experiment was to compare the bioavailability of iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) with iron-microparticles (Fe-MPs) in anemic mice. There were four experimental groups including normal control group, iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) group, Fe-NPs group, and Fe-MPs group. Animals in normal group fed on an adequate iron-containing diet (45 ppm Fe). Meanwhile, the animals in the other three groups fed on a low Fe diet (4.5 ppm Fe) for 7 weeks. Double deionized water was supplied as drinking water ad libitum. After feeding for 3 weeks with the low Fe diet, the animals in Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs groups were orally treated with Fe-NPs or Fe-MPs at the daily dose of 40 mg/kg for 4 weeks. IDA group showed a markedly decreased red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Hct), and hemoglobin (Hb) values compared with normal group throughout experimental periods. Treatments of Fe-NPs or Fe-MPs for 4 weeks restored the decreased RBC count and hematological values similar to normal values. Fe-NPs group showed the faster restoration in the values than Fe-MPs as time passes. The iron contents of the upper small intestine in Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs groups were higher than normal group at weeks 2 and 4. Hepatic iron contents and lipid peroxidation were significantly increased by Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs treatments compared with IDA group as time increase. The iron contents in liver and ferritin deposits in spleen were identified in Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs groups similarly to normal group. These results indicate that oral administration of both Fe-NPs and Fe-MPs can recover anemia and Fe-NPs is more absorbable and available in the body than Fe-MPs.

Experience of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in 11 Patients with Liver Cirrhosis from Korea

Jong Young Choi Korean Academy of Medical Science 1998 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.13 No.3

A short-ended CRLH coaxial cavity resonator with zeroth-order resonance

Kim, Dang-Oh,Kim, Che-Young Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2014 Journal of electromagnetic waves and applications Vol.28 No.1

This paper introduces a coaxial cavity resonator structure with a new configuration based on the composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL). In order to create the CRLH-TL, the shunt inductance coils and the series capacitance gaps are added to a conventional half-wavelength short-ended coaxial cavity resonator. The final resonator is composed of three periodically connected CRLH unit cells. Through the adjustment of the diameter of the inserted coils and the gaps of created capacitances, the proposed resonator was able to support the desired zeroth-order resonance (ZOR) in the balanced mode. In order to verify the applicability of the proposed resonator to the CRLH metamaterial, a dispersion diagram and the constitutive parameters of a unit cell were determined using three-dimensional EM simulation. The resonant frequencies and quality factors associated with each resonance modes were then computed through eigenmode analysis for the overall resonator formation. In addition, the electromagnetic field distributions of the resonator at the ZOR frequency have been described and discussed. These results enable us to validate that the proposed CRLH coaxial cavity resonator can be utilized as a zeroth-order resonator based on the CRLH-TL structure. As a result the proposed resonator has a 69% reduction in size compared to traditional short-ended coaxial cavity resonators.