PE-164: Impact of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir on the Work Productivity of Chronic Hepatitis C Patients in Asia

( Young-suk Lim ),( Henry Lik Yuen Chan ),( Yock Young Dan ),( Mei Hsuan Lee ),( Eliza Kruger ),( Seng Tan5,Zobair M. Younossi ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: To estimate the work productivity gains associated with LDV/SOF treatment for CHC in Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan. Methods: The model captures anticipated impact of LDV/SOF on productivity loss over a one-year time horizon from a societal perspective for each country. A literature review was performed to identify country- specific inputs and expert advice was solicited to verify key variables. Patients enter the model post-treatment, having achieved SVR12, or not. Absenteeism and presenteeism rates were estimated based on the Work Productivity and Activity Index-Specific Health Problem (WPAI-SHP) data collected from the Phase III ION trials (US participants only) at baseline and at 12 weeks with rates assumed to remain unchanged from baseline for patients not achieving SVR. Sensitivity analyses were performed on key variables. Results: Total Work productivity loss due to not treating CHC was highest in Taiwan at US$349M ($355 per capita) given high prevalence of HCV, followed by US$146M ($358) in Korea, US$17M ($914) in Singapore and US$11M ($351) in Hong Kong. Treatment with LDV/SOF resulted in estimated productivity gains of $138 million, $58.7 million, $6.8 million and $4.5 million in Taiwan, Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong respectively. Conclusions: CHC imposes a significant indirect economic burden. Our model demonstrates that treatment of HCV GT1 patients with LDV/SOF is likely to result in significant cost savings due to an improvement in presenteeism versus no treatment across 4 Asian countries. This indirect economic gain should be considered when assessing the benefits of treating CHC.

Genome constitution and evolution of Elymus atratus (Poaceae: Triticeae) inferred from cytogenetic and phylogenetic analysis

Tan Lu,Wu Dan-Dan,Zhang Chang-Bing,Cheng Yi-Ran,Sha Li-Na,Fan Xing,Kang Hou-Yang,Wang Yi,Zhang Hai-Qin,Escudero Marcial,Zhou Yong-Hong 한국유전학회 2024 Genes & Genomics Vol.46 No.5

Background Elymus atratus (Nevski) Hand.-Mazz. is perennial hexaploid wheatgrass. It was assigned to the genus Elymus L. sensu stricto based on morphological characters. Its genome constitution has not been disentangled yet. Objective To identify the genome constitution and origin of E. atratus. Methods In this study, genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization, and phylogenetic analysis based on the Acc1, DMC1 and matK sequences were performed. Results Genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization results reveal that E. atratus 2n = 6x = 42 is composed of 14 St genome chromosomes, 14 H genome chromosomes, and 14 Y genome chromosomes including two H-Y type translocation chromosomes, suggesting that the genome formula of E. atratus is StStYYHH. The phylogenetic analysis based on Acc1 and DMC1 sequences not only shows that the Y genome originated in a separate diploid, but also suggests that Pseudoroegneria (St), Hordeum (H), and a diploid species with Y genome were the potential donors of E. atratus. Data from chloroplast DNA showed that the maternal donor of E. atratus contains the St genome. Conclusion Elymus atratus is an allohexaploid species with StYH genome, which may have originated through the hybridization between an allotetraploid Roegneria (StY) species as the maternal donor and a diploid Hordeum (H) species as the paternal donor. Background Elymus atratus (Nevski) Hand.-Mazz. is perennial hexaploid wheatgrass. It was assigned to the genus Elymus L. sensu stricto based on morphological characters. Its genome constitution has not been disentangled yet. Objective To identify the genome constitution and origin of E. atratus. Methods In this study, genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization, and phylogenetic analysis based on the Acc1, DMC1 and matK sequences were performed. Results Genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization results reveal that E. atratus 2n = 6x = 42 is composed of 14 St genome chromosomes, 14 H genome chromosomes, and 14 Y genome chromosomes including two H-Y type translocation chromosomes, suggesting that the genome formula of E. atratus is StStYYHH. The phylogenetic analysis based on Acc1 and DMC1 sequences not only shows that the Y genome originated in a separate diploid, but also suggests that Pseudoroegneria (St), Hordeum (H), and a diploid species with Y genome were the potential donors of E. atratus. Data from chloroplast DNA showed that the maternal donor of E. atratus contains the St genome. Conclusion Elymus atratus is an allohexaploid species with StYH genome, which may have originated through the hybridization between an allotetraploid Roegneria (StY) species as the maternal donor and a diploid Hordeum (H) species as the paternal donor.

Analysis on the Causes and Countermeasures of Sino-US Trade Friction

Dan Tan,Xiaoyu Shuai 강원대학교 경영경제연구소 2016 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.7 No.2

The study attempts to investigate the causes of Sino-U.S. trade friction in recent years and provides countermeasures accordingly. The import and export volume of two countries, the product structure of China’s export, the 337th Act lawsuits related to China, the industries involved in trade friction, and the G-L Index of Sino-U.S. Products are analyzed in detail. The causes of Sino-US trade frictions are discussed from the aspect of mercantilism and trade protectionism, interest groups and governments’ trade policies, Chinese product structure, intellectual property protection in China, and performance of Chinese enterprises in litigation. Based on these, countermeasures are put forward. China needs to implement industrial upgrading, increasing the added value of products, and improving intellectual property protection. A trade friction warning system also needs to be constructed. The Chinese government needs to carry out strategic dialogue and international negotiation.

Analysis on the Causes and Countermeasures of Sino-US Trade Friction

Tan, Dan,Shuai, Xiaoyu KNU The Institute of ManagementEconomy Research 2016 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.7 No.2

The study attempts to investigate the causes of Sino-U.S. trade friction in recent years and provides countermeasures accordingly. The import and export volume of two countries, the product structure of China's export, the 337th Act lawsuits related to China, the industries involved in trade friction, and the G-L Index of Sino-U.S. Products are analyzed in detail. The causes of Sino-US trade frictions are discussed from the aspect of mercantilism and trade protectionism, interest groups and governments' trade policies, Chinese product structure, intellectual property protection in China, and performance of Chinese enterprises in litigation. Based on these, countermeasures are put forward. China needs to implement industrial upgrading, increasing the added value of products, and improving intellectual property protection. A trade friction warning system also needs to be constructed. The Chinese government needs to carry out strategic dialogue and international negotiation.

Simulation of Spinal Codes

Danning Feng,Huijun Yue,Xinyue Li,Siyang Tan,Rui Tao,Junbin Lai 한국산학기술학회 2013 SmartCR Vol.3 No.6

Spinal codes are a new kind of adaptive rateless codes. By analyzing the theory, consisting of hash-function encoding, modulation, maximum-likelihood decoding, and puncturing, the data structure was redesigned, and simulation of the whole transmission process was accomplished. The transfer rate was tested with both additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGN channel) and binary symmetric channel (BSC). The experiment with AWGN demonstrated the rightness of our design and showed that spinal codes are extremely close to the Shannon Limit. What?s more, validity of the data structure was also proven with BSC. These results show that spinal codes are efficient and practical, which will be very useful in the near future.

Study on Magnetic Force Calculation of Spherical Permanent Magnets

Yuyang Zhang,Yonggang Leng,Dan Tan,Jinjun Liu Korean Magnetics Society 2018 Journal of Magnetics Vol.23 No.4

This paper presents three approaches to calculate the interacting magnetic force about spherical permanent magnet, respectively based on magnetic dipole-dipole model, equivalent magnetic charge model and equivalent magnetizing current model. We use all of three models to fully calculate and study the behaviors of lateral and axial forces with respect to the related positions between a pair of spherical magnets. The accuracies of the calculation results are compared with the experimental data. In conclusion, the magnetic dipole-dipole model has the most advantageous accuracy and efficiency for the magnetic force calculation about spherical permanent magnets on account of the particularity of sphere. Our study provides an important criterion for choosing a proper method to calculate magnetic force about spherical permanent magnet.

Comparison of Magnetic Force Calculation on Permanent Magnets with Models of Equivalent Magnetic Charge and Magnetizing Current

Yuyang Zhang,Yonggang Leng,Jinjun Liu,Dan Tan 한국자기학회 2019 Journal of Magnetics Vol.24 No.3

Accurate magnetic force calculation is essential to effectively analyzing a system or device containing magnets. Among several approaches used in the interacting magnetic force calculation of permanent magnets, equivalent magnetic charge and equivalent magnetizing current models are widely adopted. In this paper, we choose cubes and cylinders as calculating objects to investigate the detailed calculation procedures. Higher calculation accuracy of the equivalent magnetizing current model is verified by comparison between simulation and experiment results. Furthermore, we analyze the relations between two models and discriminate their equivalence in the magnetic force calculation respectively at both micro and macro scale. Reference basis for choosing a proper model to calculate magnetic force is provided in this work, which is beneficial for the design of electro-mechanical structures with permanent magnets.

A randomized phase II trial of ridaforolimus, dalotuzumab, and exemestane compared with ridaforolimus and exemestane in patients with advanced breast cancer

Rugo, Hope S.,Tré,dan, Olivier,Ro, Jungsil,Morales, Serafin M.,Campone, Mario,Musolino, Antonino,Afonso, Noé,mia,Ferreira, Marta,Park, Kyong Hwa,Cortes, Javier,Tan, Antoinette R.,Blum, Joa Springer-Verlag 2017 Breast cancer research and treatment Vol.165 No.3

<P>R/D/E did not improve PFS compared with R/E. Because the PFS reported for R/E was similar to that reported for everolimus plus exemestane in patients with advanced breast cancer, it is possible that lower-dose ridaforolimus in the R/D/E arm (from overlapping toxicities with IGF1R inhibitor) contributed to lack of improved PFS.</P>

The epidemiology and cost of surgical site infections in Korea: a systematic review

( Kil Yeon Lee ),( Kristina Coleman ),( Dan Paech ),( Sarah Norris ),( Jonathan T. Tan ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.81 No.5

Purpose: To conduct a systematic literature review of the epidemiological and economic burden of surgical site infection (SSI) in Korea. Methods: A search of the EMBASE, Medline and KoreaMed databases for English and Korean language publications was conducted. Searches for epidemiological and economic studies were conducted separately and limited to 1995 to 2010 to ensure the pertinence of the data. Results: Twenty-six studies were included. The overall incidence of SSI in Korea was 2.0 to 9.7%. The National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance risk index was positively correlated with the risk of developing an SSI. Specific risk factors for SSI, identified through multivariate analyses included; diabetes, antibiotic prophylaxis and wound classification. SSIs were associated with increased hospitalisation cost, with each episode of SSI estimated to cost about an additional ￦2,000,000. A substantial portion of the increased cost was attributed to hospital room costs and the need for additional medication. Studies also found that post-operative stays for patients with SSIs were 5 to 20 days longer, while two studies reported that following cardiac surgery, patients with SSIs spent an additional 5 to 11 days in the intensive care unit, compared to patients without SSIs. Conclusion: Data from the included studies demonstrate that SSI represents a significant clinical and economic burden in Korea. Consequently, the identification of high-risk patient populations and the development of strategies aimed at reducing SSI may lead to cost-savings for the healthcare system.

The epidemiology and cost of surgical site infections in Korea

Kil Yeon Lee,Kristina Coleman,Dan Paech,Sarah Norris,Jonathan T Tan 대한외과학회 2011 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.81 No.5

Purpose: To conduct a systematic literature review of the epidemiological and economic burden of surgical site infection (SSI) in Korea. Methods: A search of the EMBASE, Medline and KoreaMed databases for English and Korean language publications was conducted. Searches for epidemiological and economic studies were conducted separately and limited to 1995 to 2010 to ensure the pertinence of the data. Results: Twenty-six studies were included. The overall incidence of SSI in Korea was 2.0 to 9.7%. The National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance risk index was positively correlated with the risk of developing an SSI. Specific risk factors for SSI, identified through multivariate analyses included; diabetes, antibiotic prophylaxis and wound classification. SSIs were associated with increased hospitalisation cost, with each episode of SSI estimated to cost about an additional ￦2,000,000. A substantial portion of the increased cost was attributed to hospital room costs and the need for additional medication. Studies also found that post-operative stays for patients with SSIs were 5 to 20 days longer, while two studies reported that following cardiac surgery, patients with SSIs spent an additional 5 to 11 days in the intensive care unit, compared to patients without SSIs. Conclusion: Data from the included studies demonstrate that SSI represents a significant clinical and economic burden in Korea. Consequently, the identification of high-risk patient populations and the development of strategies aimed at reducing SSI may lead to cost-savings for the healthcare system.