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Lee, Daeun,Jeon, Hyunpyo,Kim, Sanghun Korean Society of Environmental Health 2016 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.42 No.3
Objectives: Materials coming into contact with food may result in the migration of chemical substances into the food. To protect consumers from exposure, Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011 specifies the use of standard migration tests. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), widely used for food packaging materials, has drawn the attention of researchers because unwanted migration of PET into food might occur when consumers reuse packaging material. The aim of this study was to predict and develop a migration model for two components, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde in PET, into food simulants under conditions of changing pH and solvents, such as those observed in fermented foods like kimchi or sauerkraut. Methods: Using a migration model based on Fick's second law of diffusion in one dimension, the migration of acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde from PET into a simulant of fermented food at $20^{\circ}C$ over 10 days was evaluated. The simulant for fermented food was modelled as 10% ethanol for three days, followed by 3% acetic acid for seven days. Results: The migration of acetaldehyde into the 10% ethanol was 0.36 times that of a simulated fermented food system, while that of butyraldehyde was 1.34 times greater. These results may have been influenced by the chemical interactions among the migrants, polymers and simulants, as well as by the solubilities of the migrants in polymers and simulants. Conclusion: Because food simulants have a limited capacity to mimic real food systems under the current migration model, an appropriate simulant and migration test should be considered in the case of increasing acidity. Furthermore, since the accuracy of the worst-case estimation of migration predicted by the current model is severely limited under changing food conditions, food simulants and their interactions should be further investigated with respect to conservative migration modelling.
Does Ramadan Harm Infant Health? Evidence from Ethiopia
Lee Soohyung,Nam Minhyuk,Jeong Daeun,Lee Wonmoon 한국국제경제학회 2020 International Economic Journal Vol.34 No.4
We examine the impact of religious practices on human capital in the context of Ethiopia. We focus on Ramadan, which leads mothers to reduce nutritional intake during the daytime. By exploiting the variation in the extent to which infants were exposed to Ramadan, we estimate the relative disadvantage of Muslim children compared to their non-Muslim counterparts. We find that the exposure to Ramadan in the first trimester has a significant negative effect on the infants’ health outcomes, but not on later life outcomes.
Dietary schizophyllan reduces mitochondrial damage by activating SIRT3 in mice
Daeun Lee,Ye‑Ram Kim,김재성,Donggyu Kim,Sojin Kim,Sun Young Kim,Kiseok Jang,Jong‑Dae Lee,Chul‑Su Yang 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.4
Schizophyllan (SPG), produced by Schizophyllumcommune, is an exopolysaccharide with multiple academicand commercial uses, including in the food industryand for various medical functions. We previously demonstratedthat SPG conjugated with c-Src peptide exerted asignificant therapeutic effect on mouse models of the acuteinflammatory diseases polymicrobial sepsis and ulcerativecolitis. Here we extended these results by investigatingwhether SPG exerted a protective effect against mitochondrialdamage in the liver via sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) induction,focusing on the deacetylation of succinate dehydrogenase A(SDHA) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). Liver damagemodels induced by alcohol or conjugated linoleic acid (CLA,which simulates lipodystrophy) in SIRT3−/−,SOD2−/−,andSDHA−/−mice were used. Results showed that dietary supplementationwith SPG induced SIRT3 activation; this wasinvolved in mitochondrial metabolic resuscitation that counteredthe adverse effects of alcoholic liver disease and CLAinduceddamage. The mitochondrial SIRT3 mediated thedeacetylation and activation of SOD2 in the liver and SDHA in adipose tissues, suggesting that SPG supplementationreduced ethanol-induced liver damage and CLA-inducedadverse dietary effects via SIRT3–SOD2 and SIRT3–SDHAsignaling, respectively. Together, these results suggest thatdietary SPG has a previously unrecognized role in SIRT3-mediated mitochondrial metabolic resuscitation duringmitochondria-related diseases.
( Daeun Kang ),( In Beom Jung ),( Su Yel Lee ),( Se Jin Park ),( Wan Jin Hwang ),( Minhyeok Lee ),( Sun Jung Kwon ),( Dong Ho Park ),( Ji Woong Son ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.-
Particulate matter (PM) has various systemic effects, such as respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, as well as having effects on the nervous systems. So far, there have been many epidemiologic studies, but studies related to the biological mechanisms are insufficient. We researched the effects of PM on lung epithelial cells with Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and validated this with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We cultured the group treated with PM10 at a concentration of 50μg/mL and the untreated group for seven days in five lung cell lines: NCI-H358, HCC-827, A549, NCI-H292, BEAS-2B. Then, we extracted the RNA from the sample and performed NGS. As a result of NGS, various gene expressions were upregulated or downregulated. Among them, we selected the gene whose mean fold change was more than doubled and changed in the same direction in all five cell lines. Based on these genes, we selected the top 10 genes, either upregulated or downregulated, to validate with the qRT-PCR. There were the four genes that matched the NGS and qRT-PCR Results, all of which were upregulated genes(Table 1). The four genes are CYP1A1, CYP1B1, LINC01816, and BPIFA2. All four genes that matched the two Results were up-regulated genes and none of the down-regulated genes matched. CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 are known to cause lung cancer by metabolizing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and long non-coding RNA is also known to play an important role in lung cancer. Considering this, we thought that PM10 might be associated with lung cancer by activating CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and LINC01816.
Lee, Jeong Hwan,Kim, Young-Cheon,Choi, Daeun,Han, Ji Hoon,Jung, Youjin,Lee, Sanghyeob Springer-Verlag 2018 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.59 No.1
<P>Ethylene is an important regulator of developmental and stress responses in plants, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) proteins catalyze one of the rate-limiting steps in endogenous ethylene biosynthesis. Accordingly, the function of ACS family genes has been extensively studied in plants including Arabidopsis and tomato; however, little is known about the systemic function of ACS genes in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Here, we investigated the expression patterns of eight cucumber ACS family genes (CsACSs) in a variety of tissues and sex types, as well as in response to exogenous ethylene application, and their ACS activities. Tissue-specific expression profiling in monoecious and gynoecious cucumber plants revealed that some CsACSs were differentially expressed. In particular, the five genes CsACS1, CsACS1-2, CsACS2, CsACS6, and CsACS11 were highly expressed in the shoot apex regions of gynoecious and hermaphroditic cucumber plants. The expression of most CsACSs was also induced by exogenous ethylene application. Furthermore, three CsACS isoforms (CsACS9, CsACS10, and CsACS12) showed no ACS enzymatic activity, which was associated with the amino acid variations in the conserved active residues of CsACS proteins. However, an in vitro pull-down assay revealed that two enzymatically inactive isoforms (CsACS9 and CsACS10) did not significantly interact with four active isoforms (CsACS1, CsACS1-2, CsACS2, and CsACS6). Taken together, our findings will be valuable for elucidating the relationship between RNA expression, ACS activity, protein-protein interactions between CsACSs and cucumber sex types.</P>