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시중에 판매되고 있는 아이스크림의 일반세균 및 대장균군 오염 실태
정다운,김영환,손종렬,변상훈 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.1
Ice cream is a vastly consumed food enjoyed by a wide range of people. Therefore, it is easily accessible and amounts to hundreds of its kind. Ice cream is a ready-made food which could be served without undergoing cooking process and thus putting weight on its hygienic condition. And so we set out to conduct some research on the number of E-coli bactria contained in commercially sold ice creams. We applied Lactose broth method along with Desoxycholate agar method which enables us to verify the existence of E-coli bacteria and how much is contained. We focused our research on soft ice creams and aimed to seek out the degree to which they were contaminated by E-coli bacteria. 4 major distributors of soft ice cream out of 5 didn't meet the maximum allowance of E coli bacteria to be found. The number of general bacteria observed per 1 ㎖ of specimen must be held at less than 100,000, and this wasn't violated by any of the companies' samples. Yet on E-coli testing, all of K, L, B and M companies' samples respectively exceeded the permitted limits of bacteria to be detected.
Jung, Jae-Hoon,Ha, Mi-Young,Park, Da-Young,Lee, Min-Jae,Choi, Seung-Jung,Moon, Dae-Gyu Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.644 No.1
<P>We have fabricated solution processed organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) with various hole transporting materials (HTMs) on the plastic substrate. The device structure was ITO/HTM: Ir(2-phq) 3 1wt%: FIrpic 5wt % (50 nm)/TAZ (50 nm)/LiF (0.5 nm)/Al (100 nm). 4,4'-bis(carbazol9-yl) biphenyl (CBP), di-[ 4-(N, N-ditolyl- amino)-phenyl] cyclohexane (TAP C), poly[ N, N'-bis(4- butylphenyl)-N, N'-bis(phenyl)- benzidine] (poly-TPD), and poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK)were used for HTM. Phosphorescent orange-red emitting Ir(2-phq)(3) and blue emitting FIrpic guest molecules were mixed with the HTMs and solvents. OLED with TAPC exhibited the maximum current efficiency of 17.4 cd/A at 0.42 mA/cm(2).</P>
Da Hyun Jung,Young Hoon Youn,Do Hoon Kim,Chul-Hyun Lim,Hee-Sook Lim,Hee Seok Moon,Ju Yup Lee,Hyojin Park,Su Jin Hong 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.2
Background/AimsThe composition of the microbiota in the esophagus is only partially understood, especially in patients with achalasia. We aim to investigate the esophageal microbial community and nutritional intakes in patients with achalasia before and after peroral endoscopic myotomies (POEM). MethodsTwenty-nine patients were prospectively enrolled from 4 referral institutions across Korea. We collected esophageal samples (mucosal biopsies and retention fluid) and conducted dietary surveys for nutritional intake before and 8 weeks after POEM. The esophageal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region. ResultsOut of the 105 samples from 29 patients, 99 samples were subjected to microbial bioinformatic analysis after quality control, which excluded samples with no amplification or low-quality sequence data. The overall esophageal microbial compositions of patients with achalasia showed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria were the dominant phyla, representing over 95% of the total phyla in all groups. At the genus level, Streptococcus was the most abundant in all groups. The observed operational taxonomic unit number was significantly higher in the retention fluid than in the tissue biopsies. However, the esophageal microbial composition showed no significant changes 8 weeks post POEM. The dietary survey analysis showed that nutritional intake significantly improved post POEM. ConclusionThis study determined the unique esophageal microbial composition of patients with achalasia, and also found that the microbial composition did not significantly change after POEM in the short-term, despite a significant improvement in the nutritional intake.
( Da Eun Kim ),( Hyeri Yang ),( Won Hee Jang ),( Kyoung Mi Jung ),( Miyoung Park ),( Jin Kyu Choi ),( Mi Sook Jung ),( Eun Young Jeon ),( Yong Heo ),( Kyung Wook Yeo ),( Ji Hoon Jo ),( Jung Eun Park ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.26 No.-
In order for a novel test method to be applied for regulatory purposes, its reliability and relevance, I.e., reproducibility and predictive capacity, must be demonstrated, Here, we examine the predictive capacity of a novel non-radioisotopic local lymph node assay, LLNA:BrdU-FCM (5-bromo-2`-deoxyuridine-flow cytome-try), with a cutoff approach and inferential statistics as a prediction model. 22 reference substances in OECDTG429 were tested with a concurrent positive control. Hexylcinnamaldehyde 25%(PC), and the stimulation index(SI) representing the fold increase in lymph node cells over the vehicle control was obtained. The optimal cutoff SI(2.7≤cutoff<3.5), with respect to predictive capacity, was obtained by a receiver operating character-istic curve, which produced 90.9% accuracy for the 22 substances. To address the inter-test variability in respon-siveness, SI values standardized with PC were employed to obtain the optimal percentage cutoff(42.6≤Cutoff<57.3%of PC), which produced 86.4% accuracy. A test subastance may be diagnosed as a sensitizer if a statistically significant increase in Si is elicited. The parametric one-sided t-test and non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test produced 77.3% accuracy. Similarly, a test substance could be defined as a sensitizer if the SI means of the vehicle control, and of the low, middle, and high concentrations were statistically significantly different, which was test-ed using ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis, with post hoc analysis, Dunnett, or DSCF(Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner), respectively, depending on the equal variance test, producing 81.8% accuracy. The absolute SI-based cutoff approach produced the best predictive capacity, however the discordant decisions between prediction models need to be examined further.
Da Hyun Jung,Young Hoon Youn,Hye Kyung Jung,Seung Young Kim,Cheal Wung Huh,Cheol Min Shin,Jung-Hwan Oh,Kyu Chan Huh,Moo In Park,Suck Chei Choi,Ki Bae Kim,Seon-Young Park,Joong Goo Kwon,Yu Kyung Cho,Ju 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.4
Background/AimsIt remains unclear which maintenance treatment modality is most appropriate for mild gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to compare on-demand treatment with continuous treatment using a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in the maintenance treatment for patients with non-erosive GERD or mild erosive esophagitis. MethodsPatients whose GERD symptoms improved after 4 weeks of standard dose PPI treatment were prospectively enrolled at 25 hospitals. Subsequently, the enrolled patients were randomly assigned to either an on-demand or a continuous maintenance treatment group, and followed in an 8-week interval for up to 24 weeks. ResultsA total of 304 patients were randomized to maintenance treatment (continuous, n = 151 vs on-demand, n = 153). The primary outcome, the overall proportion of unwillingness to continue the assigned maintenance treatment modality, failed to confirm the non-inferiority of on-demand treatment (45.9%) compared to continuous treatment (36.1%). Compared with the on-demand group, the GERD symptom and health-related quality of life scores significantly more improved and the overall satisfaction score was significantly higher in the continuous treatment group, particularly at week 8 and week 16 of maintenance treatment. Work impairment scores were not different in the 2 groups, but the prescription cost was less in the on-demand group. Serum gastrin levels significantly elevated in the continuous treatment group, but not in the on-demand group. ConclusionsContinuous treatment seems to be more appropriate for the initial maintenance treatment of non-erosive GERD or mild erosive esophagitis than on-demand treatment. Stepping down to on-demand treatment needs to be considered after a sufficient period of continuous treatment.
Outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy for unresectable primary or recurrent cholangiocarcinoma
Da Hoon Jung,MD,Mi-Sook Kim,MD,PhD,Chul Koo Cho,MD,PhD,Hyung Jun Yoo,MD,Won Il Jang,MD,Young Seok Seo,MD,Eun Kyung Paik,MD,Kum Bae Kim,PhD,Chul Ju Han,MD,Sang Bum Kim,MD 대한방사선종양학회 2014 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.32 No.3
Purpose: To report the results of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for unresectable primary or recurrent cholangiocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: From January 2005 through August 2013, 58 patients with unresectable primary (n = 28) or recurrent (n = 30) cholangiocarcinoma treated by SBRT were retrospectively analyzed. The median prescribed dose was 45 Gy in 3 fractions (range, 15 to 60 Gy in 1–5 fractions). Patients were treated by SBRT only (n = 53) or EBRT + SBRT boost (n = 5). The median tumor volume was 40 mL (range, 5 to 1,287 mL). Results: The median follow-up duration was 10 months (range, 1 to 97 months). The 1-year, 2-year overall survival rates, and median survival were 45%, 20%, and 10 months, respectively. The median survival for primary group and recurrent group were 5 and 13 months, respectively. Local control rate at 1-year and 2-year were 85% and 72%, respectively. Disease progression-free survival rates at 1-year and 2-year were 26% and 23%, respectively. In univariate analysis, ECOG performance score (0–1 vs. 2–3), treatment volume (<50 vs. ≥50 mL), and pre-SBRT CEA level (<5 vs. ≥5 ng/mL) were significant in overall survival rate. In multivariate analysis, ECOG score (p = 0.037) and tumor volume (p = 0.030) were statistically significant. In the recurrent tumor group, patients with >12 months interval from surgery to recurrence showed statistically significant higher overall survival rate than those with ≤12 months (p = 0.026). Six patients (10%) experienced ≥grade 3 complications. Conclusion: SBRT can be considered as an effective local modality for unresectable primary or recurrent cholangiocarcinoma.
Jung, Da Hyun,Kim, Jie-Hyun,Lee, Yong Chan,Lee, Sang Kil,Shin, Sung Kwan,Park, Jun Chul,Chung, Hyun Soo,Kim, Hyunki,Kim, Hoguen,Kim, Yong Hoon,Park, Jae Jun,Youn, Young Hoon,Park, Hyojin The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2015 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.15 No.4
Purpose: The importance of Helicobacter pylori eradication after endoscopic resection (ER) of gastric neoplasms remains controversial. In this study, we clarified the importance of H. pylori eradication for metachronous lesions after ER. Materials and Methods: This study included 3,882 patients with gastric neoplasms who underwent ER. We included patients infected with H. pylori who received eradication therapy. Among them, 34 patients with metachronous lesions after ER and 102 age- and sex-matched patients (nonmetachronous group) were enrolled. Background mucosal pathologies such as atrophy and intestinal metaplasia (IM) were evaluated endoscopically. The expression levels of CDX1, CDX2, Sonic hedgehog (SHH), and SOX2 were evaluated based on H. pylori eradication and the development of metachronous lesions. Results: The eradication failure rate was higher in the metachronous group than in the nonmetachronous group (P=0.036). Open-type atrophy (P=0.003) and moderate-to-severe IM (P=0.001) occurred more frequently in the metachronous group. In patients with an initial diagnosis of dysplasia, the eradication failure rate was higher in the metachronous group than in the nonmetachronous group (P=0.002). In addition, open-type atrophy was more frequent in the metachronous group (P=0.047). In patients with an initial diagnosis of carcinoma, moderate-to-severe IM occurred more frequently in the metachronous group (P=0.003); however, the eradication failure rate was not significantly different between the two groups. SHH and SOX2 expression was increased, and CDX2 expression was decreased in the nonmetachronous group after eradication (P<0.05). Conclusions: Open-type atrophy, moderate-to-severe IM, and H. pylori eradication failure were significantly associated with metachronous lesions. However, eradication failure was significantly associated with dysplasia, but not carcinoma, in the metachronous group. Thus, H. pylori eradication may play an important role in preventing metachronous lesions after ER for precancerous lesions before carcinomatous transformation.
Outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy for unresectable primary or recurrent cholangiocarcinoma
Jung, Da Hoon,Kim, Mi-Sook,Cho, Chul Koo,Yoo, Hyung Jun,Jang, Won Il,Seo, Young Seok,Paik, Eun Kyung,Kim, Kum Bae,Han, Chul Ju,Kim, Sang Bum The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2014 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.32 No.3
Purpose: To report the results of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for unresectable primary or recurrent cholangiocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: From January 2005 through August 2013, 58 patients with unresectable primary (n = 28) or recurrent (n = 30) cholangiocarcinoma treated by SBRT were retrospectively analyzed. The median prescribed dose was 45 Gy in 3 fractions (range, 15 to 60 Gy in 1-5 fractions). Patients were treated by SBRT only (n = 53) or EBRT + SBRT boost (n = 5). The median tumor volume was 40 mL (range, 5 to 1,287 mL). Results: The median follow-up duration was 10 months (range, 1 to 97 months). The 1-year, 2-year overall survival rates, and median survival were 45%, 20%, and 10 months, respectively. The median survival for primary group and recurrent group were 5 and 13 months, respectively. Local control rate at 1-year and 2-year were 85% and 72%, respectively. Disease progression-free survival rates at 1-year and 2-year were 26% and 23%, respectively. In univariate analysis, ECOG performance score (0-1 vs. 2-3), treatment volume (<50 vs. ${\geq}50mL$), and pre-SBRT CEA level (<5 vs. ${\geq}5ng/mL$) were significant in overall survival rate. In multivariate analysis, ECOG score (p = 0.037) and tumor volume (p = 0.030) were statistically significant. In the recurrent tumor group, patients with >12 months interval from surgery to recurrence showed statistically significant higher overall survival rate than those with ${\leq}12$ months (p = 0.026). Six patients (10%) experienced ${\geq}$grade 3 complications. Conclusion: SBRT can be considered as an effective local modality for unresectable primary or recurrent cholangiocarcinoma.