Bioguided Fractionation, and Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Annona cacans Warm

Carla Roberta Ferreira Volobuff,Milena Menezes Correˆa Pederiva,Roseane Soares Ramos Benites,Camila Juliane Lima,Eliana Janet Sanjinez Argandon˜a,Clau´dia Andrea Lima Cardoso,Zefa Valdevina Pereira,An 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.10

This study evaluated to determine the phenolic and flavonoids contents, and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activity of the hydromethanolic extracts of the leaves, pulp, and seeds of Annona cacans. The isolation and structural identification of the constituent acetogenin, phenolic acid, and flavonoids were also reported. Antioxidant capacity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and β-carotene/linoleic acid methods. Cell proliferation was determined by spectrophotometric quantification of the cellular protein content using a sulforhodamine B assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in paw edema model, to myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity induced by carrageenan in mice. Fractionation resulted in the isolation of one acetogenin (annoreticuin-9-one), two flavonoids (quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside-6-O-α-rhamnoside and kaempferol-3-O-β-glucoside), and one phenolic acid (p-coumaric acid). The pulp extract presented potent antioxidant activities by the DPPH (IC50 = 44.08 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 39.32 μg/mL) methods, as well as high contents of phenols (618.95 mg GA/g) and flavonoids (477.35 mg QE/g). The bioguided fractionation demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction of the pulp extract and annoreticuin-9-one showed potent antiproliferative activity against ovarian cancer (GI50 = 6.4 μg/mL). The anti-inflammatory activity demonstrated significant inhibition of edema compared to the control group in 2 and 4 h; in addition, the extracts inhibited the increase in MPO activity after 6 h, when compared to the DEX and control groups. For the first time, this study demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activity, as well as compounds isolated, suggesting that A. cacans could also be potential sources for prevention of cancer and other diseases associated with oxidative stress.

Could Acupuncture Be Useful in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Dysfunction?

Ca´ssia Maria Grillo,Giancarlo De la Torre Canales,Ronaldo Seichi Wada,Marcelo Correˆa Alves,Ce´lia Marisa Rizzatti Barbosa,Fausto Berzin,Maria da Luz Rosa´rio de Sousa 사단법인약침학회 2015 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.8 No.4

In this study, the effects of acupuncture in comparison with flat occlusal plane appliance were evaluated in patient with myogenic temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). The sample consisted of 40 women with TMD and unbalanced energy predominance of Yang Liver Ascension, selected using the Renying and Cunkou pulses, randomly divided into two groups: acupuncture and splint. The effect of treatments on the masseter and anterior temporal muscles was evaluated after 4 weeks of treatment, by means of electromyographic activity (root mean square) and pain pressure threshold. Pain intensity was measured using the visual analog scale, and range of mouth opening was evaluated using a millimeter ruler. All evaluations were performed at the beginning and end of the treatment. Visual analog scale score was reduced equally in the two groups (p < 0001), and the increase in range of mouth opening was significant in both groups. A significant difference was detected only in pain pressure threshold of the left masseter in the acupuncture group (p < 0.05). Only root mean square in the at rest position of the right temporal muscle diminished in the final stage of the splint group (p < 0.05). Both treatments reduced the pain intensity of myogenic TMD in the short term and may be considered strategies for control of chronic pain related to TMD.

Labeling strategy to improve neutron/gamma discrimination with organic scintillator

Hachem Ali,Moline Yoann,Corre Gwenolé,Ouni Bassem,Trocme Mathieu,Elayeb Aly,Carrel Frédérick 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.11

Organic scintillators are widely used for neutron/gamma detection. Pulse shape discrimination algorithms have been commonly used to discriminate the detected radiations. These algorithms have several limits, in particular with plastic scintillator which has lower discrimination ability, compared to liquid scintillator. Recently, machine learning (ML) models have been explored to enhance discrimination performance. Nevertheless, obtaining an accurate ML model or evaluating any discrimination approach requires a reference neutron dataset. The preparation of this is challenging because neutron sources are also gamma-ray emitters. Therefore, this paper proposes a pipeline to prepare clean labeled neutron/gamma datasets acquired by an organic scintillator. The method is mainly based on a Time of Flight setup and Tail-to-Total integral ratio ( ) discrimination algorithm. In the presented case, EJ276 plastic scintillator and 252Cf source were used to implement the acquisition chain. The results showed that this process can identify and remove mislabeled samples in the entire ToF spectrum, including those that contribute to peak values. Furthermore, the process cleans ToF dataset from pile-up events, which can significantly impact experimental results and the conclusions extracted from them

Adaptive divergence for a fitness‐related trait among invasive <i>Ambrosia artemisiifolia</i> populations in France

CHUN, YOUNG JIN,LE CORRE, VALÉ,RIE,BRETAGNOLLE, FRANÇ,OIS Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Molecular ecology Vol.20 No.7

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The impact of natural selection on the adaptive divergence of invasive populations can be assessed by testing the null hypothesis that the extent of quantitative genetic differentiation (<I>Q</I><SUB>ST</SUB>) would be similar to that of neutral molecular differentiation (<I>F</I><SUB>ST</SUB>). Using eight microsatellite loci and a common garden approach, we compared <I>Q</I><SUB>ST</SUB> and <I>F</I><SUB>ST</SUB> among ten populations of an invasive species <I>Ambrosia artemisiifolia</I> (common ragweed) in France. In a common garden study with varying water and nutrient levels, we measured <I>Q</I><SUB>ST</SUB> for five traits (height, total biomass, reproductive allocation, above‐ to belowground biomass ratio, and days to flowering). Although low <I>F</I><SUB>ST</SUB> indicated weak genetic structure and strong gene flow among populations, we found significant diversifying selection (<I>Q</I><SUB>ST</SUB> > <I>F</I><SUB>ST</SUB>) for reproductive allocation that may be closely related to fitness. It suggests that abiotic conditions may have exerted selection pressure on <I>A.?artemisiifolia</I> populations to differentiate adaptively, such that populations at higher altitude or latitude evolved greater reproductive allocation. As previous studies indicate multiple introductions from various source populations of <I>A.?artemisiifolia</I> in North America, our results suggest that the admixture of introduced populations may have increased genetic diversity and additive genetic variance, and in turn, promoted the rapid evolution and adaptation of this invasive species.</P>

DOSE AND FREQUENCY APPLICATION OF DIETARY LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AS IMMUNOSTIMULANT TO TIGER SHRIMP Penaeus monodon

Josette Emlen Genio,Rex Ferdinand Traifalgar,Valeriano Corre, Jr. 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

Structural comparison of hemifacial microsomia mandible in different age groups by three-dimensional skeletal unit analysis

Kim, Bong Chul,Bertin, Helios,Kim, Hak-Jin,Kang, Sang-Hoon,Mercier, Jacques,Perrin, Jean-Philippe,Corre, Pierre,Lee, Sang-Hwy Elsevier 2018 Journal of cranio-maxillofacial surgery Vol.46 No.11

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>The goal of this study was to understand the three-dimensional (3D) structural characteristics of hemifacial microsomia (HFM) mandible in terms of skeletal units, especially to locate the underdeveloped skeletal regions for treatment. Another goal was to compare the HFM structure of different age groups to understand growth potential relevant to treatment scheduling.</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P>We reconstructed 3D mandibles from computed tomographic images of French and Korean patients with HFM (N = 28; group II) and normal subjects (N = 27; group I). Each mandible was classified by Pruzansky's HFM types I, II and III, and by age group (child, adolescent, and adult). The mandible was divided into skeletal units, and geometrical representation by skeletal unit line was performed, including the condylar, body, coronoid, and angular units. Their length and angulations were measured and statistically analyzed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The results showed that the affected condylar unit in type II HFM and the condylar/coronoid unit in type III were smaller in young age groups than were other units. The angulation between the skeletal units in type II, though not type III, tended toward normalcy with age, but not to the normal degree of angulations in group I.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Our study shows the major involvement of condylar unit and minor involvement of body unit for HFM, improving with age in type II. The mandibular skeletal unit analysis seems to be a useful tool for individualized diagnosis, allowing identification of the major etiopathogenic area and treatment planning, including a simulation to set up a regimen for successful reconstruction of HFM.</P>

A sequence‐tagged genetic map for the brown alga <i>Ectocarpus siliculosus</i> provides large‐scale assembly of the genome sequence

Heesch, Svenja,Cho, Ga Youn,Peters, Akira F.,Le Corguillé,, Gildas,Falentin, Cyril,Boutet, Gilles,Coë,del, Solè,ne,Jubin, Claire,Samson, Gaelle,Corre, Erwan,Coelho, Susana M.,Mark Cock Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 The New phytologist Vol.188 No.1

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P><P> <I>Ectocarpus siliculosus</I> has been proposed as a genetic and genomic model for the brown algae and the 214 Mbp genome of this organism has been sequenced. The aim of this project was to obtain a chromosome‐scale view of the genome by constructing a genetic map using microsatellite markers that were designed based on the sequence supercontigs.</P><P>To map genetic markers, a segregating F<SUB>2</SUB> population was generated from a cross between the sequenced strain (Ec 32) and a compatible strain from northern Chile. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis indicated a significant degree of polymorphism (41%) between the genomes of these two parental strains. Of 1,152 microsatellite markers that were selected for analysis based on their location on long supercontigs, their potential as markers and their predicted ability to amplify a single genomic locus, 407 were found to be polymorphic.</P><P>A genetic map was constructed using 406 markers, resulting in 34 linkage groups. The 406 markers anchor 325 of the longest supercontigs on to the map, representing 70.1% of the genome sequence.</P><P>The <I>Ectocarpus</I> genetic map described here not only provides a large‐scale assembly of the genome sequence, but also represents an important tool for future genetic analysis using this organism.</P></P>

O Brasileiro em Euclides, Vianna Moog e Meira Penna

André Corrêa Rollo 한국 포르투갈-브라질 학회 2008 포르투갈-브라질 연구 Vol.5 No.2

This article outlines how three important essayists attempt to describe the Brazilian character in their masterpieces. The first author, Euclides da Cunha(1866-1909), in Os Sertões(Rebellion in the Backlands), examined at full length the episode of the Canudos War(1893 -1897) fought by the Brazilian army against the sertanejo's(backland's inhabitant) settlementcommmanded by the messianic leader called Antônio Conselheiro. The book is divided into three parts concerning to the region where the war occurred: A Terra(The Land), O Homem(The Man) and A Luta(The War). In O Homem, Cunha investigates the origins of the considered "racially degenerated" inhabitants which defied the Republican power. The mestiço(half-breed person), according to the author, it would be the result of a struggle between "antagonistics tendences", being a "mentally unbalanced" person. In Bandeirantes e Pioneiros(Bandeirantes and Pioneers)(1954) Vianna Moog elects the figures of the two symbols of colonization in Brazil(bandeirantes) and in the USA(pioneers) as thestarting point to his comparative study of the social systems of the two countries. Bandeirantes were the explorers of the interiors of Brazil between sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The main question is why has the history of settlement and the character of development of Brazil differed so fundamentally from that of the United States, given the comparable size, landscape and resources of the two countries ? Wherein lay the difference among the people who became Brazilians and Americans? Through his comparisons the author develops the "mazombo theory". Mazombo were the Portuguese children born in Brazil. Mazombismo(still present in the early twentieth century according to the author) was the dislike of being Brazilian, the unwillingness in working hard, disbelief in moral improvement, eagerness in fast enrichment, the quasi-absence of community spirit and the act of put the blame for your own mistakes on other people. If in Euclides' time the upper class considered itself superior to the sertanejos, Vianna Moog show us that they also were atavistically "mentally unbalanced". In Em Berço Esplêndido(On a Splendid Cradle)(1999) searches the most refined analyses of the Brazilian character through an Jungian reading of the set of behaviours, preferences, values, myths, rites which are usually found among themembers of a determined national society. Using the notion of "collective unconscious", Meira Penna investigates through a vast amount of myths, legends, literary elementsand the writings of foreign and Brazilian authors in order to fulfill the collective analysis. In Chapter 3, The Erotic Society, the author documents the struggle existing in Brazilian society between Logos(reason) and Eros(feeling), being the latter one stronger. Brazilians would always be searching to be protected by the symbolic male figure of a Big Boss. The result of the absence of community spirit is the difficult of acting in an impersonal or impartial way. The Brazilian people suffer from puer aeternus(eternal child) complex, always wanting to take advantage of situations. In another point of view, taking Brazilians as homo ludens(playful) Meira Penna stresses the importance of harmonizing the "pleasant tropical leisures" with rationality(logos) as a key to the development of Brazil as a nation. This article outlines how three important essayists attempt to describe the Brazilian character in their masterpieces. The first author, Euclides da Cunha(1866-1909), in Os Sertões(Rebellion in the Backlands), examined at full length the episode of the Canudos War(1893 -1897) fought by the Brazilian army against the sertanejo's(backland's inhabitant) settlementcommmanded by the messianic leader called Antônio Conselheiro. The book is divided into three parts concerning to the region where the war occurred: A Terra(The Land), O Homem(The Man) and A Luta(The War). In O Homem, Cunha investigates the origins of the considered "racially degenerated" inhabitants which defied the Republican power. The mestiço(half-breed person), according to the author, it would be the result of a struggle between "antagonistics tendences", being a "mentally unbalanced" person. In Bandeirantes e Pioneiros(Bandeirantes and Pioneers)(1954) Vianna Moog elects the figures of the two symbols of colonization in Brazil(bandeirantes) and in the USA(pioneers) as thestarting point to his comparative study of the social systems of the two countries. Bandeirantes were the explorers of the interiors of Brazil between sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The main question is why has the history of settlement and the character of development of Brazil differed so fundamentally from that of the United States, given the comparable size, landscape and resources of the two countries ? Wherein lay the difference among the people who became Brazilians and Americans? Through his comparisons the author develops the "mazombo theory". Mazombo were the Portuguese children born in Brazil. Mazombismo(still present in the early twentieth century according to the author) was the dislike of being Brazilian, the unwillingness in working hard, disbelief in moral improvement, eagerness in fast enrichment, the quasi-absence of community spirit and the act of put the blame for your own mistakes on other people. If in Euclides' time the upper class considered itself superior to the sertanejos, Vianna Moog show us that they also were atavistically "mentally unbalanced". In Em Berço Esplêndido(On a Splendid Cradle)(1999) searches the most refined analyses of the Brazilian character through an Jungian reading of the set of behaviours, preferences, values, myths, rites which are usually found among themembers of a determined national society. Using the notion of "collective unconscious", Meira Penna investigates through a vast amount of myths, legends, literary elementsand the writings of foreign and Brazilian authors in order to fulfill the collective analysis. In Chapter 3, The Erotic Society, the author documents the struggle existing in Brazilian society between Logos(reason) and Eros(feeling), being the latter one stronger. Brazilians would always be searching to be protected by the symbolic male figure of a Big Boss. The result of the absence of community spirit is the difficult of acting in an impersonal or impartial way. The Brazilian people suffer from puer aeternus(eternal child) complex, always wanting to take advantage of situations. In another point of view, taking Brazilians as homo ludens(playful) Meira Penna stresses the importance of harmonizing the "pleasant tropical leisures" with rationality(logos) as a key to the development of Brazil as a nation.

Santos Populares no Brasil: Catolicismo e Misticismo

André Corrêa Rollo 한국 포르투갈-브라질 학회 2009 포르투갈-브라질 연구 Vol.6 No.1

The Brazilian Catholicism exhibits several mystical elements which show the influence of miscigenation on religion, language and culture. During the Portuguese colonization, the Catholic cult was impenetrable to the most of people. To surpass linguistic obstacles set by the Latin, white, black and indian associated ancient beliefs and external displays of faith (as processions) in order to take part in the religion. This blend of different elements resulted in religious syncretism. The legends about saints' supernatural abilities, besides the comparison between African divinities created a good environment to a great cult of Saints and the powers attributed to them. Among the most popular saints in Brazil are Saint Anthony, the twins Cosmas and Damian and Saint George. Despite the fact that nowadays Catholic Mass and rites are spoken in Portuguese, this belief in personal contact with the supernatural sphere of religion is common in Brazilian everyday life, being the prayers and the procession the climax of religious feeling. The best-known Portuguese saint, Anthony (born Fernando de Bulhões) carries a series of legends around his life and abilities. Born in Lisbon in 1195, Anthony died in Italy in 1231. His worshippers believe he helps people to find lost things, to find a love, to help someone to marry, to protect animals and so on. George was a soldier to the Roman Empire during the reign of Diocletian, Emperor who persecuted Cristians. He was converted to Chritianity and was tortured and beheaded. The martyrdom of George occured in April, the 23 th in 303 A.D. This date is his feast day. In Brazil, Saint George is largely associated to the African orishacalled Ogun. The Warrior Saint is invoked as protector from all kinds of evil. The twins Cosmas and Damian were born in Arabia in the 3rd century AD and were executed around 287 AD. In Brazil , Cosmas and Damian were associated by the African entities called ibeijis, being regarded as protectors of children. Their feast day is celebrated in the Roman Catholic Church in September 26 since 1969, but their believers continue to celebrate the former date, September 27. The afro-religious temples use to receive children in order to bless them and offer candies for them. In the big cities take place many Festas de Cosme e Damião . Besides this, many common people use to informally, outside any cult, offer childrenlittle toys and candies in the streets or even organize feasts by their own. According to the tradition, to please a child makes Cosmas and Damian (or the African entities) bring good luck to the host. The oldest church in Brazil (built in Igarassu, Pernambuco, in 1535) was honored to the twins.

Gastroprotective Effect of Serjania erecta Radlk (Sapindaceae): Involvement of Sensory Neurons, Endogenous Nonprotein Sulfhydryls, and Nitric Oxide

Ana Paula Corrêa Castelo Branco Nappi,Roberta Gomes Coelho,Neli Kika Honda,Catharine Ferrazoli,Arnildo Pott,Clélia Akiko Hiruma-Lima 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.6

The present study reveals the pharmacological action of Serjania erecta Radlk. (Family Sapindaceae), an important medicinal plant species used in the Brazilian Pantanal against gastric pain. The methanolic (Me) and chloroformic (Se) extracts obtained from leaves of S. erecta were challenged by a very strong necrotizing agent in rodents, absolute ethanol. Se was also confronted with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester), a capsaicin cation channel transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 antagonist (ruthenium red), or a sulfhydryl-blocker (N-ethylmaleimide) to evaluate the participation of these cytoprotective factors in gastroprotection. In an in vivo experimental model, Me and Se presented several degrees of gastroprotective action without signs of acute toxicity. The best gastroprotective effect was restricted to all doses of Se. The mechanisms involving the gastroprotective action of Se are related to an augmented defense mechanism of the gastrointestinal mucosa consisting of sensory neurons, nitric oxide, and sulfhydryl groups that prevent and attenuate the ulcer process. The presence of polyisoprenoids in the Se explains the potent gastroprotective action of this medicinal species. Effective gastroprotective action and the absence of acute toxicity indicate this species may be a promising herbal drug against gastric disease.