Ferulic acid protects cardiomyocytes from TNF-a/cycloheximide-induced apoptosis by regulating autophagy

Chunxiao Li,Lu Chen,Min Song,Zhirui Fang,Lusha Zhang,Joel Wake Coffie,Liyuan Zhang,Lulu Ma,Qianyi Wang,Wenjie Yang,Leyu Fang,Shaoxia Wang,Xiumei Gao,Hong Wang 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.8

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) resultsin irreversible cardiac cell damage or death because ofdecreased blood fl ow to the heart. Apoptosis plays an importantrole in the process of tissue damage after myocardialinfarction (MI), which has pathological and therapeuticimplications. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic acid endowedwith strong antioxidative and cytoprotective activities. Thepresent study aimed to investigate whether FA protectscardiomyocytes from apoptosis by regulating autophagy,which is a cellular self-digestion process, and one of thefi rst lines of defense against oxidative stress. Apoptosis wasinduced by TNF-α (10 ng/mL) and cycloheximide (CHX,5 μg/mL) in rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes. FA-inhibited TNF-α/CHX-induced apoptosis was determined by the quantifi cationof TUNEL-positive cells, and the eff ect was associatedwith decreased ROS production and inhibited caspase3activation. FA treatment enhanced autophagy and increasedautophagy-associated protein expression, leading to an inhibitionof mTOR signaling. When co-treated with 3-methyladenine(3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, the anti-apoptoticeff ect of FA was attenuated. In an in vivo mouse MI model,FA treatment decreased the apoptotic cell number, reducedinfarct size, and improved cardiac performance, as determinedby histological and echocardiographic assessments. Taken collectively, these results suggest that FA could protectcardiomyocytes from apoptosis by enhancing autophagy.

An Efficient Indexing Structure for Multidimensional Categorical Range Aggregation Query

( Jian Yang ),( Chongchong Zhao ),( Chao Li ),( Chunxiao Xing ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.2

Categorical range aggregation, which is conceptually equivalent to running a range aggregation query separately on multiple datasets, returns the query result on each dataset. The challenge is when the number of dataset is as large as hundreds or thousands, it takes a lot of computation time and I/O. In previous work, only a single dimension of the range restriction has been solved, and in practice, more applications are being used to calculate multiple range restriction statistics. We proposed MCRI-Tree, an index structure designed to solve multi-dimensional categorical range aggregation queries, which can utilize main memory to maximize the efficiency of CRA queries. Specifically, the MCRI-Tree answers any query in O(nkn-1) I/Os (where n is the number of dimensions, and k denotes the maximum number of pages covered in one dimension among all the n dimensions during a query). The practical efficiency of our technique is demonstrated with extensive experiments.

Lightweight CNN-based Expression Recognition on Humanoid Robot

( Guangzhe Zhao ),( Hanting Yang ),( Yong Tao ),( Lei Zhang ),( Chunxiao Zhao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.3

The human expression contains a lot of information that can be used to detect complex conditions such as pain and fatigue. After deep learning became the mainstream method, the traditional feature extraction method no longer has advantages. However, in order to achieve higher accuracy, researchers continue to stack the number of layers of the neural network, which makes the real-time performance of the model weak. Therefore, this paper proposed an expression recognition framework based on densely concatenated convolutional neural networks to balance accuracy and latency and apply it to humanoid robots. The techniques of feature reuse and parameter compression in the framework improved the learning ability of the model and greatly reduced the parameters. Experiments showed that the proposed model can reduce tens of times the parameters at the expense of little accuracy.

Preparation and properties of coated silica/aluminum cermet materials via powder metallurgy method

Jieguang Song,Yue Liu,Chunxiao Wu,Xueqing Yang,Huihui Luo,Chunyan He,Chengbin Li,Haizhen Yang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.2

Cermet is a combination of metal and ceramic, it exhibits some special properties, so it is one of the most widely usedengineering materials. In this paper, the properties of encapsulated SiO2/Al cermet were prepared by powder metallurgymethod. Results showed that the density of SiO2/Al cermet is increased with an increasing Al content. When the Al contentis high, and the high temperature is sintered, the liquid phase can fully bond the surrounding SiO2 particles to form a relativelycontinuous and dense structure, thereby obtaining a high microstructure density. When the SiO2:Al ratio is increased from 1:1to 1:3, the hardness is gradually increased. The hardness and density of the sample are gradually increased with an increasingmolding pressure. The surface hardness of the cermet is increased first and then decreased with an increasing sinteringtemperature. When the SiO2:Al ratio is 1:3, the holding time is 10 min under molding pressure of 15 MPa, and the sinteringtemperature is 900 °C for 1 h, the surface hardness of the obtained coated SiO2/Al cermet is high, the value is 175.2 HV.

Fabrication and properties of Al2O3-Al cermet materials using different raw material composition parameter

Jieguang Song,Yue Liu,Chunxiao Wu,Xueqing Yang,Yipeng Gong,Jianzhen Huang,Chunyan He,Huihui Luo,Aixia Chen 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.1

Cermet application is extensive because it retains the characteristics of ceramic materials and has the advantages of metalmaterials. In this paper, alumina/aluminum cermet materials were prepared through powder metallurgy method. Theinfluence of raw material formula on the properties of alumina/aluminum cermet was investigated on the basis that ceramicmaterials have good wear resistance and high thermal conductivity. Results show that when the mass ratio of alumina toaluminum is 1:3, the prepared cermet samples have excellent properties, highest density, and uniform distribution ofaluminum and alumina. MgO addition exhibits better effect, higher degree of densification, and renders higher hardness andstrength for the sample as compared with SiO2 and Y2O3 addition. The sintered cermet with composite powder prepared viaprecipitation has better properties and higher densities and surface hardness than that prepared via the ball mill method. Therelative density was 97.1%, surface hardness was 875 HV, and electric resistance was 0.0169 Ω·m.

All Phase Biorthogonal Transform and Its Application in MPEG-4 Video Compression

Xiaoyan Wang,Baochen Jiang,Chengyou Wang,Zhiqiang Yang,Chunxiao Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.4

KETCH1 imports HYL1 to nucleus for miRNA biogenesis in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Zhang, Zhonghui,Guo, Xinwei,Ge, Chunxiao,Ma, Zeyang,Jiang, Mengqiu,Li, Tianhong,Koiwa, Hisashi,Yang, Seong Wook,Zhang, Xiuren National Academy of Sciences 2017 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.114 No.15

<P>MicroRNA (miRNA) is processed from primary transcripts with hairpin structures (pri-miRNAs) by microprocessors in the nucleus. How cytoplasmic-borne microprocessor components are transported into the nucleus to fulfill their functions remains poorly understood. Here, we report KETCH1 (karyopherin enabling the transport of the cytoplasmic HYL1) as a partner of hyponastic leaves 1 (HYL1) protein, a core component of microprocessor in Arabidopsis and functional counterpart of DGCR8/Pasha in animals. Null mutation of ketch1 is embryonic-lethal, whereas knockdown mutation of ketch1 caused morphological defects, reminiscent of mutants in the miRNA pathway. ketch1 knockdown mutation also substantially reduced miRNA accumulation, but did not alter nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of miRNAs. Rather, the mutation significantly reduced nuclear portion of HYL1 protein and correspondingly compromised the pri-miRNA processing in the nucleus. We propose that KETCH1 transports HYL1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus to constitute functional microprocessor in Arabidopsis. This study provides insight into the largely unknown nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking process of miRNA biogenesis components through eukaryotes.</P>

Inhibition of miR-146a-5p and miR-8114 in Insulin-Secreting Cells Contributes to the Protection of Melatonin against Stearic Acid-Induced Cellular Senescence by Targeting Mafa

Shenghan Su,Qingrui Zhao,Lingfeng Dan,Yuqing Lin,Xuebei Li,Yunjin Zhang,Chunxiao Yang,Yimeng Dong,Xiaohan Li,Romano Regazzi,Changhao Sun,Xia Chu,Huimin Lu 대한내분비학회 2022 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.37 No.6

Background: Chronic exposure to elevated levels of saturated fatty acids results in pancreatic β-cell senescence. However, targets and effective agents for preventing stearic acid-induced β-cell senescence are still lacking. Although melatonin administration can protect β-cells against lipotoxicity through anti-senescence processes, the precise underlying mechanisms still need to be explored. Therefore, we investigated the anti-senescence effect of melatonin on stearic acid-treated mouse β-cells and elucidated the possible role of microRNAs in this process. Methods: β-Cell senescence was identified by measuring the expression of senescence-related genes and senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches were used to investigate the involvement of microRNAs in stearic acid-evoked β-cell senescence and dysfunction. Bioinformatics analyses and luciferase reporter activity assays were applied to predict the direct targets of microRNAs. Results: Long-term exposure to a high concentration of stearic acid-induced senescence and upregulated miR-146a-5p and miR-8114 expression in both mouse islets and β-TC6 cell lines. Melatonin effectively suppressed this process and reduced the levels of these two miRNAs. A remarkable reversibility of stearic acid-induced β-cell senescence and dysfunction was observed after silencing miR-146a-5p and miR-8114. Moreover, V-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (Mafa) was verified as a direct target of miR-146a-5p and miR-8114. Melatonin also significantly ameliorated senescence and dysfunction in miR-146a-5pand miR-8114-transfected β-cells. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that melatonin protects against stearic acid-induced β-cell senescence by inhibiting miR-146a-5p and miR-8114 and upregulating Mafa expression. This not only provides novel targets for preventing stearic acid-induced β-cell dysfunction, but also points to melatonin as a promising drug to combat type 2 diabetes progression.

Hypoglycemic Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharides in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Chun Xiao,Qingping Wu,Xiao-Bing Yang,Wen Cai,Jian-Bin Tan,Jumei Zhang 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.10

Our aims were to investigate the hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of action of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) administered for 7 days in type 2 diabetic mice. The mice were randomly divided into four groups (8 mice/group): normal control group, diabetic control group, low-dose GLP-treated diabetic group (50 mg/kg/d), and high-dose GLP-treated diabetic group (100 mg/kg/d). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection and high-fat dietary feeding. At the end of the study, fasting serum glucose, insulin, body weight (BW) and epididymal white adipose tissue weight were measured. The hepatic mRNA levels of glycogen phosphorylase (GP), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) genes were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Both doses of GLPs significantly decreased fasting serum glucose, insulin and epididymal fat/BW ratio compared with the diabetic control group (p < 0.05). The hepatic mRNA levels of GP, FBPase, PEPCK and G6Pase were significantly lower in both GLP-treated groups compared with the diabetic control group. Taken together, GLPs significantly decrease fasting serum glucose levels in type 2 diabetic mice in a dose-dependent manner. The decreases in fasting serum glucose levels may be associated with decreased mRNA expression levels of several key enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis and/or glycogenolysis.