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Tillage and Overseeding Pasture for Winter Forages Production in Lowland Areas of South-west China
Zhang Wenjun,Yang Chunhua,Zhang Xinquan,Cheng Lingzhi,Su Shiming 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08
In lowland areas of south-west China, especially in late winter and early spring, animal nutrition is so poor t㏊t some animals die because of shortages of forage. Farmers in these areas are finding it difficult to conserve sufficient forage. It is a big challenge to find a new strategy to solve the problem, so tillage systems and overseeding of a perennial pasture can influence the performance of winter annual forage production in the future.
Nanoscale quantitative mechanical mapping of poly dimethylsiloxane in a time dependent fashion
Zhang, Shuting,Ji, Yu,Ma, Chunhua Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.3
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is one of the most widely adopted silicon-based organic polymeric elastomers. Elastomeric nanostructures are normally required to accomplish an explicit mechanical role and correspondingly their mechanical properties are crucial to affect device and material performance. Despite its wide application, the mechanical properties of PDMS are yet fully understood. In particular, the time dependent mechanical response of PDMS has not been fully elucidated. Here, utilizing state-of-the-art PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping (PFQNM) together with Force Volume (FV) and Fast Force Volume (FFV), the elastic moduli of PDMS samples were assessed in a time-dependent fashion. Specifically, the acquisition frequency was discretely changed four orders of magnitude from 0.1 Hz up to 2 kHz. Careful calibrations were done. Force data were fitted with a linearized DMT contact mechanics model considering surface adhesion force. Increased Young's modulus was discovered with increasing acquisition frequency. It was measured 878 ± 274 kPa at 0.1 Hz and increased to 4586 ± 758 kPa at 2 kHz. The robust local probing of mechanical measurement as well as unprecedented high-resolution topography imaging open new avenues for quantitative nanomechanical mapping of soft polymers, and can be extended to soft biological systems.
Jianxing Zhang,Chunhua Zheng,차석원,Shanxu Duan 한국정밀공학회 2016 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.17 No.9
In order to achieve the best fuel economy for hybrid vehicles, energy management strategies should optimize the power allocation between power sources. Recently, Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP) has been attracting attention for the energy management of hybrid vehicles owing to the solution optimality and the calculation instantaneity. In the PMP, there is an important control parameter, which is defined as the co-state variable and difficult to be determined. This research mainly deals with the co-state variable, where the PMP is applied to a fuel cell hybrid vehicle (FCHV) and a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) respectively, and the effect of the co-state variable on the optimal solution is discussed for each case. The determination of the co-state variable for the cases of certain driving cycles and uncertain driving cycles is discussed, and an online co-state variable updating method is proposed for the uncertain driving cycle cases and its effectiveness is proved.
An Overview of Whipgrass Breeding Efforts in Sichuan Agricultural University
Yang Chunhua,Zhang Xinquan,Cheng Lingzhi,Liu Lin,Tang Zhisong 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08
Whipgrass [Hemarthriacompressa(Linn.f.)R.Br.] has several outstanding characteristics that make it attractive in livestock production systems. These include superior cool-season growth compared to other C₄ grasses, persistence under grazing on poorly drained soils, and relatively high herbage digestibility that declines at a slower rate with increasing maturity than for most C₄ grasses. More than 50 years hard work, a whipgrass breeding group in Sichuan Agricultural University (SAU) collected 84 accessions from south china. Through germplasm evaluation and breeding, 3 varieties, Chong gao, Guang yi and Ya an, were released by the end of 2009. All of them are very popular in south china from 1986. In the future, the team approach emphasizes plant improvement in seedling vigor and establishment, seed production, cold tolerance, photoperiod response, seasonal distribution of forage production, forage quality, insect and disease resistance.
The effect of surface interactions on the viscosity of polymer thin films
Li, Chunhua,Kim, Hyunjung,Jiang, Jun,Li, Clive,Koga, Tadanori,Lurio, Laurence,Schwarz, Steve,Narayanan, Suresh,Lee, Heeju,Lee, Young Joo,Jiang, Zhang,Sinha, Sunil,Rafailovich, M. H.,J. ,C. ,So Editions de Physique 2006 Europhysics letters Vol.73 No.6
<P>We have measured the viscosity of thin polymer films as a function of film thickness using three independent techniques. The results of all methods indicated that the viscosity of the film increases about two orders of magnitude near the solid substrate. Measurements performed on split layer substrates indicated that a layer of polymer chains remained permanently adsorbed at the Si substrate. This layer was responsible for trapping subsequent layers, and propagating the effect of surface interactions to chains without direct contacts to the solid substrate. If this layer was applied prior to the rest of the film, it can screen the surface interactions and even initiate auto-dewetting of other chemically identical layers above it.</P>
Dongfang Zhang,Yunduan Cui,Yao Xiao,Shengxiang Fu,Suk Won Cha,Namwook Kim,Hongyan Mao,Chunhua Zheng 한국정밀공학회 2024 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.11 No.1
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based energy management strategies (EMSs) have become an important research direction for hybrid electric vehicles recently, which still face some problems such as fragile convergence characteristics, slower convergence speed, and unsatisfactory optimization effects. In this research, a novel DRL algorithm, i.e. an improved soft actor-critic (ISAC) algorithm is applied to the EMS of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle (FCHV), in which the priority experience replay (PER) and emphasizing recent experience (ERE) methods are adopted to improve the convergence performance of the algorithm and to enhance the FCHV fuel economy. In addition, the fuel cell durability is also considered in the proposed EMS based on a nonlinear fuel cell degradation model while considering the fuel economy. Results indicate that the FCHV fuel consumption of the proposed EMS is decreased by 7.87%, 2.79%, and 2.44% compared to that of the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG)-based, the twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3)-based, and the SAC-based EMSs respectively while the fuel consumption gap to the dynamic programming-based EMS is narrowed to 2.37% by the proposed EMS. Moreover, the proposed EMS presents the best training performance considering both the convergence speed and stability, and the convergence speed of the proposed EMS is increased by an average of 47.89% compared to that of the other DRL-based EMSs. Furthermore, the fuel cell durability is improved by more than 95% using the proposed EMS compared to that of the EMS without considering the fuel cell degradation.
Xinyun Su,Chunhua Wang,Xiuhua Wang,Fang Han,Changjun Lv,Xiuli Zhang 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.5
Sweet dream oral liquid (SDOL), a traditional Chinese herbal compound contains 17 traditional Chinese medicines. It has various pharmacological effects, such as improving brain dysfunction and increasing sleeping quality. This study investigated the neuroprotective effect and the underlying mechanisms of SDOL-impaired hippocampus learning and memory-induced paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) in rats. Sixty Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. Before PSD, SDOL treatment group rats were intragastrically administered SDOL for 25 days at dose of 2.1, 4.2, and 8.4mL/kg body weight per day. Normal control group, large platform control group, and PSD groups were treated with normal saline instead of SDOL. After 25 days treatment, PSD and SDOL groups were deprived of paradoxical sleep for 72 h. Then two behavioral studies were conducted to test the spatial learning and memory ability using the open field test and Morris water maze test. Expression of the c-fos, c-jun, cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/ERK kinase (MEK), and p-CREB, p-ERK, and p-MEK in the hippocampus were also assayed by western blot. In this study, PSD decreased the levels of p-CREB, p-ERK, p-MEK, c-fos, and c-jun. However, SDOL treatment increased expressions of these proteins. Our results showed that SDOL improved 72-h PSD-induced cognitive impairment. These affects may be mediated by increasing the contents of c-fos, c-jun, and p-CREB/ERK signaling.
Pan Jianyan,Zhang Chunhua,Teng Yanling,Zeng Sijing,Chen Siyi,Liang Desheng,Li Zhuo,Wu Lingqian 대한진단검사의학회 2021 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.41 No.1
Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder mainly caused by homozygous deletions that include exon 7 of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. A nearby paralog gene, SMN2, obstructs the specific detection of SMN1. We optimized a duplexed real-time PCR approach using locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified primers to specifically detect SMN1. Methods: An LNA-modified primer pair with 3´ ends targeting SMN1 specific sites c.835-44g and c.840C was designed, and its specificity was examined by real-time PCR and Sanger Sequencing. A duplexed real-time PCR approach for amplifying SMN1 and control gene albumin (ALB) was developed. A randomized double-blind trial with 97 fresh peripheral blood samples and 25 dried blood spots (DBS) was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the duplexed approach. This new approach was then used to screen 753 newborn DBS. Results: The LNA-modified primers exhibited enhanced specificity and 6.8% increased efficiency for SMN1 amplification, compared with conventional primers. After stabilizing the SMN1 test by optimizing the duplexed real-time PCR approach, a clinical trial validated that the sensitivity and specificity of our new approach for detecting SMA patients and carriers was 100%. Using this new approach, 15 of the screened 753 newborns were identified as carriers via DBS, while the rest were identified as normal individuals. These data reveal a carrier rate of 1.99% in Hunan province, South Central China. Conclusions: We have developed a novel, specific SMN1 detection approach utilizing real-time PCR with LNA-modified primers, which could be applied to both prenatal carrier and newborn screening.
Shuaishuai Ding,Chunhua Zhang,Yefei Liu,Hong Jiang,Weihong Xing,Rizhi Chen 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.46 No.-
We reported a Pd@CN catalyst made of Pd nanoparticles supported on a N-doped carbon derived fromZIF-67. The CN materials with micro/mesoporous structures were well developed for the loading of Pdnanoparticles and improving the catalytic performances. With the increase of calcination temperature ofZIF-67, the BET surface of CN materials initially increased and then reduced. Moreover, the highercalcination temperature would lead to lower nitrogen content in CN materials, causing lower selectivityof phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone. Our Pd@CN600 catalyst achieved a conversion of ca. 95% and aselectivity of ca. 95%, and exhibited excellent stability during recycling experiments