The Value of Adding Ductography to Ultrasonography for the Evaluation of Pathologic Nipple Discharge in Women with Negative Mammography

Choi Younjung,Kim Sun Mi,Jang Mijung,Yun Bo La,Kang Eunyoung,Kim Eun-Kyu,Park So Yeon,Kim Bohyoung,Cho Nariya,Moon Woo Kyung 대한영상의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.23 No.9

Objective: The optimal imaging approach for evaluating pathological nipple discharge remains unclear. We investigated the value of adding ductography to ultrasound (US) for evaluating pathologic nipple discharge in patients with negative mammography findings. Materials and Methods: From July 2003 to December 2018, 101 women (mean age, 46.3 ± 12.2 years; range, 23–75 years) with pathologic nipple discharge were evaluated using pre-ductography (initial) US, ductography, and post-ductography US. The imaging findings were reviewed retrospectively. The standard reference was surgery (70 patients) or > 2 years of followup with US (31 patients). The diagnostic performances of initial US, ductography, and post-ductography US for detecting malignancy were compared using the McNemar’s test or a generalized estimating equation. Results: In total, 47 papillomas, 30 other benign lesions, seven high-risk lesions, and 17 malignant lesions were identified as underlying causes of pathologic nipple discharge. Only eight of the 17 malignancies were detected on the initial US, while the remaining nine malignancies were detected by ductography. Among the nine malignancies detected by ductography, eight were detected on post-ductography US and could be localized for US-guided intervention. The sensitivities of ductography (94.1% [16/17]) and post-ductography US (94.1% [16/17]) were significantly higher than those of initial US (47.1% [8/17]; p = 0.027 and 0.013, respectively). The negative predictive value of post-ductography US (96.9% [31/32]) was significantly higher than that of the initial US (83.3% [45/54]; p = 0.006). Specificity was significantly higher for initial US than for ductography and post-ductography US (p = 0.001 for all). Conclusion: The combined use of ductography and US has a high sensitivity for detecting malignancy in patients with pathologic nipple discharge and negative mammography. Ductography findings enable lesion localization on second-look post-ductography US, thus facilitating the selection of optimal treatment plans.

학령기 난독 및 읽기 부진 영역에서 읽기 쓰기 원격 중재를 수행하는 언어재활사의 경험에 대한 예비연구

최윤정(Younjung Choi),강민경(Minkyung Kang),김영태(Young Tae Kim) 한국언어치료학회 2022 한국언어치료학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

초등 저학년 읽기부진 아동의 의미단어 해독과 읽기 유창성에 대한 읽기 이해의 매개효과

최윤정(Younjung Choi),강민경(Minkyung Kang),강다은(Daeun Kang),김다미(Damee Kim) 한국언어치료학회 2022 言語治療硏究 Vol.31 No.1

고기능 자폐범주성장애 집단의 아이러니 이해에 대한 메타분석

최윤정(Younjung Choi),백경랑(Kyungrang Baik),김영태(Young Tae Kim) 한국언어청각임상학회 2023 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.28 No.1

배경 및 목적: 아이러니는 문자 그대로가 아닌 반대의 뜻을 전달하는 비유언어로 구어의 표현과 비언어적 맥락이 불일치하는 특성을가지고 있어 자폐범주성장애 집단에게 어려움을 보인다고 알려져 있다. 하지만 언어 및 지능이 정상 수준인 고기능 자폐범주성장애 집단의 경우 일반 집단과 아이러니 이해의 차이가 없다는 연구도 있으므로 아이러니 이해에 합의된 결과가 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 메타분석을 통해 고기능 자폐범주성장애 집단의 아이러니 이해에 대한 어려움을 일반 집단과 비교하여 분석하였다. 방법: 2000년부터 2022년 4월까지 출판된 논문을 국외 데이터베이스로 검색하여 연구 선정 기준에 부합하는 17편을 선정하였고, R studio version 4.1.3 프로그램으로 메타분석을 실시했다. 결과: 자폐범주성장애 집단의 아이러니 이해는 일반 집단과 비교한 결과를 분석하였을 때, 효과크기는 작지만 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 조절효과 분석 결과, 과제유형은 유의한 차이가 있었지만 연령과 질문유형은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 논의 및 결론: 고기능 자폐범주성장애 집단과 일반 집단의 아이러니의 이해에서 차이가 크지 않은 것으로 나타났으므로 지속적인 훈련을 통해 고기능 자폐범주성장애 집단이 아이러니 이해를 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 고기능 자폐범주성장애 집단에게 아이러니 이해능력을 향상시키기 위해 타인의 감정 및 생각을 이해하고, 비언어적 특성을 해석할 수 있는 훈련을 제공해야 한다. Objectives: Irony is a type of figurative language that conveys the opposite meaning of what is said, and it is known to cause difficulty for those with autism spectrum disorder because the expression of spoken language and the non-verbal context are inconsistent. However, there is no difference in the understanding of irony between the those with typical development and those with high-functional autism spectrum disorders (HF-ASD) with normal language and intelligence, so there is no consensus on irony understanding. Through meta-analysis, this study analyzed the difficulty of understanding irony between a HF-ASD group and compared the results with a typical group. Methods: 17 studies that met the research selection criteria were selected by searching international databases for papers published from 2000 to April 2022, and meta-analysis was performed with R studio version 4.1.3 program. Results: The irony understanding of the HF-ASD group showed a small ef?fect size when compared with the typical group, and analysis revealed that the results were statistically significant. A moderation effect analysis showed that there was a significant difference in task type, but no significant difference in age and question type. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the understanding of irony between the HF-ASD group and the typical group, and this suggests that the HF-ASD group could understand irony through continuous training. Therefore, training to understand other people’s emotions and thoughts and to interpret non-verbal characteristics should be provided to the HF-ASD group to improve their ability to understand irony.

Total quilting suture at latissimus dorsi muscle donor site: Drain tube is no longer needed

Younjung Cha,Seokwon Lee,Youngtae Bae,Younglae Jung,Jungbum Choi 대한종양외과학회 2019 Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of quilting suture extent on the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap (LDMCF) donor site and the necessity of drainage. Methods: Clinical data of 136 breast cancer patients, who underwent breast reconstruction using LDMCF between May 2014 and December 2015, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups. Group A: quilting sutures were performed on half of the LDMCF donor site and a closed suction drain was inserted. Group B: quilting sutures were performed for the entire LDMCF donor site and a closed suction drain was inserted. Group C: quilting sutures were performed for the entire LDMCF donor site and no drain was inserted. The duration of drainage, total drainage, length of hospital stay, number of postoperative aspirations for seroma removal, and total aspirated volume were compared. Results: In the comparison of groups A and B, group B showed better results including the total amount of drained seroma, drain maintenance period, number of aspirations for seroma removal after drainage tube removal, total aspirated seroma, and hospitalization period with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the comparison of groups B and C, group C without drain showed no difference in all other variables except mean total drained seroma volume. Therefore, group C was superior to group A and there was no difference compared to group B with drain, even though the drain was not inserted. Conclusion: Total quilting suture at LDMCF donor site can reduce seroma formation and eliminate the need for a drain tube.

Dependence of superconductivity on the crystallinity of Nb films on Si wafers

Joonyoung Choi,Chang-Duk Kim,Younjung Jo 한국초전도저온학회 2021 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.23 No.4

Among elemental metals, niobium (Nb) has the highest superconducting transition temperature (Tc) at ambient pressure. Thus,Nb films have been used in superconducting electronics and radio frequency cavity applications. In this study, the depositionalfactors determining the crystallinity and Tc of Nb films were investigated. An Nb film grown at a sputtering temperature of 240°Cexhibited the maximum crystallinity of Nb and the minimum crystallinity of niobium oxide. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopyconfirmed a maximum atomic percent of niobium and a minimum atomic percent of oxygen. A sputtering power of 210 W and asputtering time of 50 min were the optimal conditions for Nb deposition, and the Tc of the optimized film (9.08 K) was close to thatof bulk Nb (9.25 K). Transmission electron microscopy images of the thick film directly confirmed the removal of the typicalin-plane compressive strain in the (110) plane caused by residual stress.

Dependence of superconductivity on the crystallinity of Nb films on Si wafers

Joonyoung Choi,Chang-Duk Kim,Younjung Jo 한국초전도저온공학회 2021 초전도와 저온공학 Vol.23 No.4

Among elemental metals, niobium (Nb) has the highest superconducting transition temperature (Tc) at ambient pressure. Thus, Nb films have been used in superconducting electronics and radio frequency cavity applications. In this study, the depositional factors determining the crystallinity and Tc of Nb films were investigated. An Nb film grown at a sputtering temperature of 240°C exhibited the maximum crystallinity of Nb and the minimum crystallinity of niobium oxide. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed a maximum atomic percent of niobium and a minimum atomic percent of oxygen. A sputtering power of 210 W and a sputtering time of 50 min were the optimal conditions for Nb deposition, and the Tc of the optimized film (9.08 K) was close to that of bulk Nb (9.25 K). Transmission electron microscopy images of the thick film directly confirmed the removal of the typical in-plane compressive strain in the (110) plane caused by residual stress.

Modified torque magnetometry to determine magnetic anisotropy

Joonyoung Choi,In Hyuk Jo,Younjung Jo 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.1

We present a novel method for magnetic anisotropy measurement using membrane-type surface stress sensor (MSS). This sensor has a silicon membrane supported by four beams incorporating piezoresistive paths [1]. We modified the on-chip aluminum interconnect on the MSS to obtain more magnetic information of the material and used it for torque measurement. Angle-dependent torque measurement of magnetic materials were preformed by rotating the device with respect to the applied magnetic field. Instead of one existing Wheatstone Bridge, we modified the on-chip aluminum interconnect to become two Wheatstone bridge circuits. These variations will allow simultaneous investigation of magnetic responses according to different crystallographic directions in a two-dimensional plane.

Effects of Er-Miao-San extracts on TNF-alpha-induced <i>MMP-1</i> expression in human dermal fibroblasts

Bae, Seunghee,Jung, Younjung,Choi, Yeong Min,Li, Shunhua BioMed Central 2015 BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH Vol.48 No.1

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Various health benefits have been attributed to Er-Miao-San (EMS), a traditional Chinese herbal formulation that contains equal amounts of cortex phellodendri (<I>Phellodendron amurense</I> Ruprecht) and rhizoma atractylodis (<I>Atractylodes lancea</I> D.C). However, its effect on the anti-inflammatory activity in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and the mechanism underlying this effect are unknown.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>This study investigated the effects of EMS on TNF-α-induced <I>MMP-1</I> expression in HDFs. Our data show that EMS inhibited TNF-α-induced <I>MMP-1</I> expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, EMS maintained IκB content without inhibiting the phosphorylation of MAPKs, which are well-established upstream kinases of NF-κB. Moreover, EMS reduced the level of nuclear p65 protein in HDFs. Luciferase assay revealed that EMS inhibits the transcriptional activity of NF-κB by stabilizing IκB. Our results show that EMS exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-κB-regulated genes such as <I>IL-1β</I> and <I>IL-8</I>. Moreover, EMS effectively inhibited TNF-α-induced expression of <I>MMP-1</I> via the NF-κB pathway.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Taken together, our data suggest that EMS could potentially be used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-aging treatment.</P>

Large magnetic anisotropy in canted antiferromagneticSr2IrO4single crystals

Hong, Yunjeong,Jo, Younjung,Choi, Hwan Young,Lee, Nara,Choi, Young Jai,Kang, Woun American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review B Vol.93 No.9

<P>The magnetocrystalline contribution to magnetic anisotropy was studied in the canted antiferromagnetic state of layered Sr2IrO4 single crystals. We performed torque measurements in magnetic fields up to 9 T under various magnetic field orientations. The strong dependence of torque on the magnetic field revealed that the magnetic easy axis is along the in-plane direction and that the observed field-induced weak ferromagnetic order is attributed only to the in-plane component of the external magnetic field. The dependence of torque on the angle produces a twofold symmetric sawtoothlike shape. A simple model consisting of canted antiferromagnetic and magnetic induction terms showed good agreement with themeasured torque. These results showthat magnetic anisotropy is closely related to the anisotropy of the exchange between antiferromagnetic moments whose canting is mediated by the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction. Our study demonstrates that torque magnetometry can be extended to the investigation of the magnetic anisotropy of complex magnetic phases.</P>