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Comparative In-silico Analysis of the Cold Responsive ICE1 and ICE2 Genes in Zoysiagrasses
Kaur Chetan,김영선,윤정호,배은지,이긍주 한국잔디학회 2022 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.11 No.1
Inducer of CBF (C-repeat binding factors) expression 1, 2 (ICE1/2) is an important transcription factor that plays a significant role in the cold stress response pathway. Zoysiagrasses are warm-season turfgrasses and are prone to browning at the starting of winter. By understanding the cold response mechanism, the cold tolerance of some zoysiagrasses such as Zoysia matrella or Z. pacifica showing less cold hardiness can be improved to withstand low temperatures. Arabidopsis and Z. japonica ICE1, 2 have already been characterized and reported. Using in-silico analysis, we predicted the putative ICE1, 2 genes in Z. matrella and Z. pacifica. The comparative sequence analyses revealed conservation of the bHLH (basic helixloop- helix) domain in the putative ICE1 and ICE2 genes in Z. matrella and Z. pacifica. Also, two copies of ICE2 were seen in Z. matrella. There were huge variations in the immediate regulatory region of the ICE1 and ICE2 genes which may be a reason for different cold tolerance levels in the three Zoysiagrasses. The predicted sequences of the ICE1,2 genes in Z. matrella and Z. pacifica can be utilized to further investigate interactions with CBF3 and their implications in cold stress tolerance, which will provide new insight into molecular mechanisms in regulating cold tolerance.
Comparative Analysis of Ethylene Response Factors (ERF1, ERF2) in three Zoysiagrasses
Kaur Chetan,김영선,이긍주 한국잔디학회 2022 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.11 No.2
The APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) gene family is known to play a key role in the regulating expression of several genes in response to biotic and abiotic stress, conferring an evolutionary advantage to plants. In zoysiagrass, the genetic information of the ERF transcription factors (TF) is limited, leading to gaps in our understanding of the differential response of the zoysiagrasses to external stimuli. In this study, ERF1/2 genes in Zoysia matrella and Z. pacifica were predicted. We present a comparative study of the ERF1/2 TF among the three Zoysia species, with an overview of their putative gene structures, phylogeny, conserved motifs, and putative protein structure. Our study revealed one ERF1 and ERF2 TF in Z. pacifica, but Z. matrella had two copies of each ERF1 and ERF2 TF genes. All the ERF1 genes had no introns, while the ERF2 genes exhibited one intron. One AP2/ERF domain was predicted in all the ERF TF genes. Within the AP2 conserved domain of the four Zoysia ERF1 genes, a single amino acid substitution (Ala64 → Thr64), as a result of a missense mutation (GCC to ACC) was seen to affect the active ligand- binding site in the GCC-box-domain. The analysis of the upstream regulatory region of the ERF1/2 revealed transcriptional binding motifs linked to regulate the response of ERF genes to abiotic and biotic stresses.
Kaur Chetan,임용표,이긍주 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.2
The initiation of flowering is a crucial event in the life cycle of plants. Flowering marks the transition of the plant from its vegetative to reproductive state. Flowers are shoot modifications derived from flower primordia, as a means of reproduction and securing seed production adopted by plants to transmit their genomic information across generations for the survival of the species. Floral transition is a consequence of the interplay between endogenous factors such as plant genetic structure, and exogenous factors such as photoperiod, temperature, and nutrients. The generic mechanism of flowering initiation is evolu- tionarily conserved across plant families. In addition, it is highly dependent on the genetic and physiological characteristics of individual species, in coordination with the surrounding environmental factors. Therefore, flowering control is extremely adaptable to seasonal changes, ensuring the reproductive success of the plant species. The genes involved in flowering control maintain a delicate balance orchestrated by different signalling mechanisms in response to the environmental cues. In this study, various mechanisms related to flowering are collectively demonstrated in terms of endogenous genetic cues respond- ing to natural exogenous triggers and artificial inducers, including environmental factors and phytohormones, respectively.
The senescence-induced stay-green gene: A comparative in-silico analysis in three zoysiagrasses
Kaur Chetan,Kim Young-Sun,이긍주 한국잔디학회 2023 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.12 No.1
Senescence is a response regulator to abiotic and biotic stress for plants, as well as an important developmental process. Plant senescence and the breakdown of chlorophyll depend on the stay-green proteins. Chlorophyll degradation during abiotic stresses is an undesirable trait in grasses that are mainly grown for adding greenery in the landscaping industry. The underlying processes of stay-green gene were poorly researched in the zoysiagrasses. Using bioinformatic approaches, we identified the Stay-Green (SGR) genes in Zoysia matrella and Zoysia pacifica for the current study. In Z. matrella , two SGRs and three in Z. pacifica were predicted. We report on the evolutionary relationships of the six SGR genes, the distribution of transcription regulatory elements, the study of the gene structure, and the prediction of the protein structures. Utilizing comparative genomics techniques, this work seeks to investigate the impact of genetic diversity in the various SGRs in the three species of zoysiagrass and tapping its potential for use in landscaping industry.
Kaur Chetan,Kanth Bashistha Kumar,이가영,KUMARI SHIPRA,이긍주 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.6
New Zealand spinach (Tetragonia tetragonioides) is a coastal plant species with a variety of medicinal uses in Korea. Due to its salt-tolerant capabilities, land reclamation using coastal plants such as Tetragonia have been widely employed. So far, the information about the dynamics or diferentially expressed genes related to salt response in New Zealand spinach (NZS) is scarce. We analyzed the expressed sequence tags of the seawater-treated NZS, to identify key genes and pathways involved in salt tolerance. Our results indicated that the salt responsive DEGs were related to ion transport, signal transduction and secondary metabolite synthesis. Further analysis of the transcriptome profle of NZS subjected to seawater treatment highlighted the roles in scavenging and abscisic acid signal transduction. The DEGs, regulating pectin remodeling and ROS scavenging may be the key genes for NZS to adapt to salinity environment. Furthermore, genes such as senescence-associated genes (SAGs) that are highly upregulated in glycophytes during salt stress were downregulated in NZS. Similarly, during abiotic stresses the transcription of genes involved in photosynthesis is severely reduced, but the transcripts of light responsive factors in NZS were slightly downregulated, showing the efciency of the salt regulation mechanism in NZS. This study represents the frst large-scale transcriptome analysis of New Zealand spinach. Elucidating the salt tolerant properties of halophytes can provide novel fndings to enhance the salt sensitive plants. Our fndings could further help the understanding of the stress tolerance mechanisms in plants in general and New Zealand Spinach can be used as a halophytic model in stress-tolerance studies.
Myungjin Lee,So Young Yi,Jana Jeevan Rameneni,Lu Lu,Chetan Kaur,Yong Pyo Lim 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10
Nitrogen (N) deficiency is a main environmental factor that induces early senescence. Cotyledons provide an important N source during germination and early seedling development. In this study, we observed that N deficient condition enhanced gene expression involved in purine catabolism in cotyledons of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. Pekinensis). Seedlings grown with added allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine dehydrogenase, in the growth medium showed reduced chlorophyll degradation in cotyledons and lower fresh weight, compared with seedlings grown on normal medium. On the basis of these results, we speculated that xanthine-derived metabolites might affect both seedling growth and early senescence in cotyledons. To confirm this, seedlings were grown with exogenous xanthine to analyze the role of xanthine-derived metabolites under N deficient condition. Seedlings with xanthine as the sole N-source grew faster, and more cotyledon chlorophyll was broken down, compared with seedlings grown without xanthine. The expression levels of senescence- and purine metabolism-related genes in cotyledons were higher than those in seedlings grown without xanthine. These results indicate the possibility that xanthine plays a role as an activator in both purine catabolism and chlorophyll degradation in cotyledons under N deficient condition.