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최창원 ( Choi¸ Changwon ) 산업진흥원 2021 산업진흥연구 Vol.6 No.1
齊白石是20世紀中國近代多產的、深刻影響現代中國國畫的大師。其用一生的勤奮與追求將中國傳統文人畫的發展帶入到了世界藝術的殿堂。齊白石先生的畫作風格迥異, 內涵豐富, 有充滿童心、童趣的《芭蕉群雛圖》, 雖筆稚墨拙卻情趣盎然。也有樸實老成的《牡丹》暮年之作, 蒼勁有力, 動人心弦。還有諷刺現世, 批駁醜惡的《不倒翁》, 發人深省。當然, 最為值得去研究的還是齊白石先生的山水畫, 他的山水畫, 超越了其所在的時代, 在中國現代山水畫變革中具有獨特的歷史價值, 他是20世紀中國山水畫變革的開拓者之一。在本文中, 通過對齊白石先生的山水畫作的研究整理, 發現齊白石先生山水畫的特點, 以及其超越時代之處. Qi Baishi is a prolific master of modern Chinese painting in the 20th century and a profound influence on modern Chinese painting. With a lifetime of diligence and pursuit,he brought the development of traditional Chinese literati painting to the palace of world art. Qi Baishi's paintings have very different styles and rich connotations. There is a childlike "Plantain Crowd",which is childish but full of interest. There is also a simple and old-fashioned "Peony" in the late years,vigorous and powerful,moving heartstrings. There is also the irony of the present world,refuting the ugly "Tumbler",which is thought-provoking. Of course,the most worthy of study is Qi Baishi's landscape paintings. His landscape paintings surpassed their era and have unique historical value in the transformation of modern Chinese landscape painting. He was one of the pioneers of the transformation of Chinese landscape painting in the 20th century. In this article,through the research and collation of Qi Baishi's landscape paintings,the characteristics of Qi Baishi's landscape paintings and their surpassing of the times are discovered.
식도 내분비종양과 비소세포폐암이 동반된 동시성 중복암 1예
( Changwon Choi ),( Jooyoung Ha ),( Song Ee Park ),( Jae Hyuk Do ),( In Gyu Hwang ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1
식도 신경내분비 종양은 매우 드물며, 폐암과 동시성 중복암으로 진단된 경우는 극히 드문 경우로 국내에서는 첫 증례로 보고하는 바이다. 만성 신부전 외엔 특별한 과거력 없던 79세 여환이 상복부 통증을 주소로 내원하여, 시행한 상부 내시경에서 상절치로부터 28 cm에 2.5 cm 크기의 중심부 함몰을 동반한 융기 병변이 관찰되어 조직검사를 시행하였다. 조직검사 결과 신경내분비종양이 확진되었고, 병기설정 위해 복부 및 흉부 컴퓨터 단층 촬영 시행하였다. 시행 결과, 복강 내 전이 소견은 관찰되지 않았고, 우상엽에 3.2 cm의 전이 의심 소견과 양측 폐와 좌측 흉막에 다발성 결절들이 확인되었다. 양전자방출단층 촬영 시행하였고, 다발성 결절들은 FDG 섭취가 되었으나 높지 않았으며, 우상엽의 종양과 종격동 림프절의 FDG 섭취 증가 소견이 관찰되었다. 이에 식도 내분비종양의 폐전이를 감별하기 위해 우상엽의 종양에 대하여 경피적 세침 생검술 시행하려 했으나, 위치상 접근 어려워 개흉술 통해 쐐기절제술 시행 후 동결 조직 검사에서 암으로 확인되었다. 면역화학염색 검사 결과, CK 7, CK 20, TTF-1 양성으로 선암으로 진단되었고, 비소세포성 폐암(T2aN2Mx, stage IIIA) 진단 하에 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) 변이 여부 확인하였다. EGFR 변이 확인 결과, exon 19 codon의 결실 확인되었으며, 고령의 나이와 동반질환(만성신부전), 전신상태 고려하여 EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)인 gefetinib을 사용하였다. 8개월간 gefetinib 치료 후 질병 진행하면서 환자 전신 상태 악화되어 항암치료 종료 후 보존적 치료 중이다.
Avulsion injuries: an update on radiologic findings
( Changwon Choi ),( Sun Joo Lee ),( Hye Jung Choo ),( In Sook Lee ),( Sung Kwan Kim ) 영남대학교 의과대학 2021 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.38 No.4
Avulsion injuries result from the application of a tensile force to a musculoskeletal unit or ligament. Although injuries tend to occur more commonly in skeletally immature populations due to the weakness of their apophysis, adults may also be subject to avulsion fractures, particularly those with osteoporotic bones. The most common sites of avulsion injuries in adolescents and children are apophyses of the pelvis and knee. In adults, avulsion injuries commonly occur within the tendon due to underlying degeneration or tendinosis. However, any location can be involved in avulsion injuries. Radiography is the first imaging modality to diagnose avulsion injury, although advanced imaging modalities are occasionally required to identify subtle lesions or to fully delineate the extent of the injury. Ultrasonography has a high spatial resolution with a dynamic assessment potential and allows the comparison of a bone avulsion with the opposite side. Computed tomography is more sensitive for depicting a tiny osseous fragment located adjacent to the expected attachment site of a ligament, tendon, or capsule. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging is the best imaging modality for the evaluation of soft tissue abnormalities, especially the affected muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Acute avulsion injuries usually manifest as avulsed bone fragments. In contrast, chronic injuries can easily mimic other disease processes, such as infections or neoplasms. Therefore, recognizing the vulnerable sites and characteristic imaging features of avulsion fractures would be helpful in ensuring accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management. To this end, familiarity with musculoskeletal anatomy and mechanism of injury is necessary.
Structural insights on ATP hydrolysis-driven mechanical work of AAA+ hexamers
Changwon Kim,Sang-Hyun Rah,Tae-Young Yoon 한국구조생물학회 2017 Biodesign Vol.5 No.1
N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) and ClpX are homo-hexameric proteins of the AAA+ (ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities) family. Using ATP, NSF recycles SNARE complexes following membrane fusion, while ClpX unfolds and translocates proteins through its pore. However, their molecular mechanisms were unclear until recently. NSF efficiently disassembles a SNARE complex using ATP that were bound before SNARE binding, by changing from a ‘split washer’ to a ‘flat washer’ conformation. ClpX utilizes numerous ATP binding and hydrolyses for translocation. Structural studies of ClpX show that two of the six ATP sites are unloadable. Hence, in ClpX, it is believed ATP hydrolyses occur in pairs and in symmetric motifs to work. Overall, NSF follows a spring loaded model, while ClpX follows a power-stroke model - showing that even for proteins that belong to the same family and that have similar structures, functions and models of action can be very different.