Diverse Nation, Diverse Curriculum: Multicultural Education in Canada’s Public Schools

George H. Richardson(George H. Richardson ),Saearm Yi(Saearm Yi),Monica Chahal(Monica Chahal ) 한국캐나다학회 2016 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.22 No.1

Multicultural education has been an integral component of Canadian public education for more than 40 years. As might be expected with any element of public education that is more than 4 decades old, the nature and intent of multicultural education in Canada has evolved over time and has become a mirror of the changing ways in which Canada has imagined its increasingly diverse population and its national identity, In this paper, we examine multicultural education in three particular aspects. First, we describe the social and political context of multiculturalism in Canada. Second, we focus on multicultural education in provincial curriculum with special emphasis on the province of Alberta, and finally, we take up the more recent shift in multicultural education that suggests that the discipline can be viewed as a form of citizenship education. In our conclusion we touch briefly on education in Korea to return to the idea that national contexts have a significant influence on the ways in which multicultural education is understood and delivered.

An up-to-date review on chemistry and biological activities of Senna occidentalis (L.) Link Family: Leguminosae

Singh Harpreet,Chahal Piyush,Mishra Amrita,Mishra Arun Kumar 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.3

Senna occidentalis (L.) Link Family: Leguminosae, one of the important Ayurvedic plants, to treat various ailments. The current review embarks on the detected secondary metabolites, biological properties and toxicological aspects of extracts of S. occidentalis (L.) Link. With an aim to encourage the recent and advanced research on extracts, the present review is presented. The traditional medicinal importance of S. occidentalis (L.) Link has been identified in tropical and subtropical regions to treat various ailments. All the available informations on S. occidentalis (L.) Link was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, SciFinder, Scirus, Google Scholar, Agricola and Web of Science) and literature study done at library. About 38 phytocompounds have been isolated from S. occidentalis (L.) Link; the most important includes anthraquinones, flavonoid glycosides, xanthones, tetrahydro anthracenes, terpenes and phytosterol etc. In vivo biological studies of the extracts show that S. occidentalis (L.) Link possesses analgesic, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, antitrypanosomal, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, myeloprotective, wound healing, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and larvicidal activity. The extracts need to be further investigated to describe the extent of the biological effects, most advantageous dosage required, and mechanisms of action behind biological effects, safety profile and probable side effects. Moreover, clinical studies are required to support the curative potential of S. occidentalis (L.) Link.

Clinicoradiological Risk Factors Associated with Inability to Achieve Minimum Clinically Important Difference in Operated Cases of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy

Acharya Shankar,Khanna Varun,Chahal Rupinder Singh,Kalra Kashmiri Lal,Vishwakarma Gayatri 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.5

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the clinicoradiological risk factors associated with the inability to achieve minimum clinically important difference (MCID) on the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) Scale in operated cases of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).Overview of Literature: Only a few studies have evaluated the outcomes of surgery performed for CSM using MCID on the mJOA scale.Methods: We analyzed 124 operated CSM cases from March 2019 to April 2021 for preoperative clinical features, cervical sagittal radiographic parameters, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensities (SI). The risk factors associated with missing the MCID (poor outcome) on mJOA at the final follow-up were identified using binary logistic regression. Multivariate analysis was used to find significant risk factors, and odds ratios (OR) were computed.Results: A total of 110 men (89.2%) and 14 women (10.8%) with an average age of 53.5±13.2 years were included in the analysis. During the last follow-up, 89 cases (72.1%) achieved MCID (meaningful gains following surgery) while 35 (27.9%) could not. The final model identified the following parameters as significant risk factors for poor outcome: increased duration of symptoms (OR, 6.77; <i>p</i>=0.001), lower preoperative mJOA scale (OR, 0.75; <i>p</i>=0.029), the presence of multilevel T2-weighted (T2W) MRI SI (OR, 4.79; <i>p</i>=0.004), and larger change in cervical sagittal vertical axis (ΔcSVA) (OR, 1.06; <i>p</i>=0.013). Also, an increase in cSVA postoperatively correlated with a reduced functional recovery rate (<i>r</i>=−0.4, <i>p</i><0.001).Conclusions: Surgery for CSM leads to significant functional benefits. However, poorer outcomes are observed in cases of greater duration of symptoms, higher preoperative severity with multilevel T2W MRI SI, and a larger increase in the postoperative cSVA (sagittal imbalance).

Acetabular Subchondral Bone Decortication and Its Role in the Outcome of Cemented Total Hip Replacement in Young Patients

( Kanai Garala ),( Tarek Boutefnouchet ),( Krishanthanan Amblawaner ),( Gurdip Chahal ),( Trevor Lawrence ) 대한고관절학회 2018 Hip and Pelvis Vol.30 No.3

Purpose: Long-term fixation of cemented acetabular components can be problematic in younger active patients. Our technique is put forward to improve outcomes and maximize implant survivorship in this particular patient population. Materials and Methods: We report on a cohort of young adult patients (less than 55 years old) with cemented total hip replacement (THR) using a novel technique in preparing and cementing the acetabulum with a minimum follow-up of 10 years (mean follow-up, 14 years). Retrospectively collected data on clinical and radiological outcomes were reviewed. Results: Sixty-five THRs were performed with the minimum study follow-up period. Average age for patients was 44 years old (range, 19-55 years). The mean Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for patients at final appointment was 92.7. Radiographs taken at an average of 14 years after operation showed 63 of 65 hips showed no evidence of any radiological loosening. Cup survivorship was 100% at the end of the study period. Conclusion: Our technique of preparing the acetabulum in combination with cement fixation is reproducible with excellent results in a cohort of patients prone to early aseptic loosening of the acetabular component.

Sacral Insufficiency Fractures Mimicking Lumbar Spine Pathology

G. Sudhir,Kalra K. L.,Shankar Acharya,Rupinder Chahal 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.3

Sacral insufficiency fractures (SIFs) are a common cause of back pain in the elderly. SIFs mimic the symptoms of lumbar spine pathology and so are commonly missed or underdiagnosed. Here we present four cases of missed SIFs that were subsequently identified and treated. One patient was treated as mechanical lower back ache, another patient underwent root block and two patients underwent surgery for lumbar canal stenosis. None experienced relief of their symptoms after these procedures. Retrospective analysis of X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging data revealed SIFs that were confirmed by computed tomography scans. All four patients were treated for underlying osteoporosis. Two patients who underwent surgery were treated conservatively and other two were treated by sacroplasty involving injection of cement into the fracture. Sacroplasty produced immediate pain relief and early mobilization compared to the conservative group. SIFs should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of an elderly patient presenting with low back symptoms. Sacroplasty can be considered for immediate pain relief and rapid mobilization.

Investigations on magnetic and electrical properties of Zn doped Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their correlation with local electronic structures

Kumar, Parmod,Sharma, Vikas,Singh, Jitendra P.,Kumar, Ashish,Chahal, Surjeet,Sachdev, K.,Chae, K.H.,Kumar, Ashok,Asokan, K.,Kanjilal, D. Elsevier 2019 Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials Vol.489 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Present work aims at investigating the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of zinc doped Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles (pure, 10%, 20% & 30%) and correlated with their local electronic structures using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction and Raman measurements infer that doping of Zn cations lead to the formation of secondary phases corresponding to ZnFe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> along with the hematite phase of Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>. Magnetic measurements show that magnetization vs magnetic field curve for 10% Zn doping exhibit maximum saturation magnetization (~2.93 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> emu/g) as well as the coercivity (~956 Oe). The values of these parameters decrease for higher content of Zn. The temperature dependence of dielectric behaviour follows the same trend as that of the lattice parameter and magnetic measurements. The XANES spectra at Fe L- and Fe K-edges indicate partial reduction of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions into Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> upon Zn doping in the Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> lattice. However, divalent state is favourable for Zn (i.e. Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>) within the doping range reported in this study.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Zn doped Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> Study of magnetic and electrical properties. </LI> <LI> Correlation of magnetic and electrical properties with local electronic structure. </LI> </UL> </P>

Developing an Enterprise Cloud Computing Strategy

Hong Li,Jeff Sedayao,Hahn Steichen Jay,Ed Jimison,Catherine Spence,Sudip Chahal 한국정보처리학회 2009 정보처리학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Highly Multiplexed Fluorescence <i>in Situ</i> Hybridization for <i>in Situ</i> Genomics

Onozato, Maristela L.,Yapp, Clarence,Richardson, Douglas,Sundaresan, Tilak,Chahal, Varun,Lee, Jesse,Sullivan, James P.,Madden, Marisa W.,Shim, Hyo S.,Liebers, Matthew,Ho, Quan,Maheswaran, Shyamala,Hab American Society for Investigative Pathology 2019 The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics Vol. No.

<P>The quantification of changes in gene copy number is critical to our understanding of tumor biology and for the clinical management of cancer patients. DNA fluorescence <I>in situ</I> hybridization is the gold standard method to detect copy number alterations, but it is limited by the number of genes one can quantify simultaneously. To increase the throughput of this informative technique, a fluorescent bar-code system for the unique labeling of dozens of genes and an automated image analysis algorithm that enabled their simultaneous hybridization for the quantification of gene copy numbers were devised. We demonstrate the reliability of this multiplex approach on normal human lymphocytes, metaphase spreads of transformed cell lines, and cultured circulating tumor cells. It also opens the door to the development of gene panels for more comprehensive analysis of copy number changes in tissue, including the study of heterogeneity and of high-throughput clinical assays that could provide rapid quantification of gene copy numbers in samples with limited cellularity, such as circulating tumor cells.</P>

Underwater Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for 10 mm or Larger Nonpedunculated Colorectal Polyps: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Rajat Garg,Amandeep Singh,Manik Aggarwal,Jaideep Bhalla,Babu P. Mohan,Carol Burke,Tarun Rustagi,Prabhleen Chahal 대한소화기내시경학회 2021 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.54 No.3

Background/Aims: Recent studies have reported the favorable outcomes of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR)for colorectal polyps. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the efficacy and safety of UEMR fornonpedunculated polyps ≥10 mm. Methods: We performed a comprehensive search of multiple databases (through May 2020) to identify studies reporting theoutcomes of UEMR for ≥10 mm nonpedunculated colorectal polyps. The assessed outcomes were recurrence rate on the first followup,en bloc resection, incomplete resection, and adverse events after UEMR. Results: A total of 1276 polyps from 16 articles were included in our study. The recurrence rate was 7.3% (95% confidence interval[CI], 4.3–12) and 5.9% (95% CI, 3.6–9.4) for nonpedunculated polyps ≥10 and ≥20 mm, respectively. For nonpedunculated polyps≥10 mm, the en bloc resection, R0 resection, and incomplete resection rates were 57.7% (95% CI, 42.4–71.6), 58.9% (95% CI, 42.4–73.6), and 1.5% (95% CI, 0.8–2.6), respectively. The rates of pooled adverse events, intraprocedural bleeding, and delayed bleedingwere 7.0%, 5.4%, and 2.9%, respectively. The rate of perforation and postpolypectomy syndrome was 0.8%. Conclusions: Our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that UEMR for nonpedunculated colorectal polyps ≥10 mm issafe and effective with a low rate of recurrence.