Preparation of binder-free thin film Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ anode with an adjustable thickness through anodic TiO₂ nanotubes

Cha, G.,Lee, H.J.,Choi, J. Elsevier 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.8

Binder-free thickness-controllable Li<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> for application in lithium ion batteries was fabricated by the reaction of Li<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> and anodic nanotubular TiO<SUB>2</SUB> at 800 <SUP>o</SUP>C. As the concentration of Li<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> increased, the thickness of Li<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> film increased, leading to increase in discharge capacity. The Li<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> film prepared at the optimized concentration of Li<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> of 3.8 x 10<SUP>-6</SUP> mol displayed the maximum capacity of 104 μA h cm<SUP>-2</SUP> at the first cycle, which corresponds to 103 mA h g<SUP>-1</SUP>. We found that excess Li<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> led to creation of LiTiO<SUB>2</SUB> phases in the Li<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> film, which reduced the discharge capacity. For comparison, a Li<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> film was prepared by the reaction of Li<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> on a non-anodized Ti foil. In this case, discharge capacity was dramatically reduced due to the formation of Li<SUB>2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> phases in Li<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>5</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB>, which was confirmed by TEM and XRD analysis.

고성능 멀티미디어 서버의 아키텍쳐 및 요소기술 분석

최창열,황기태 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 1998 정보통신논문지 Vol.2 No.-

The characteristics of multimedia data fundamentally differ from textual and numeric data. Realizing a wide range of multimedia services will require high performance multimedia server which can manage the access, transmission, and storage of video, audio, image, and textual data. In this paper, we discuss the architecture and key technologies of some commercial multimedia servers which have different design concepts. Analysis results show that video servers seek efficient video streaming by combining high speed network with storage system while interactive multimedia servers emphasize integrated multimedia services. Recent enabling technologies related to multimedia server architecture is also analyzed.

태권도 선수의 스트레스 해소방안에 관한 연구

박창열,김순정 원광대학교 체력과학연구소 2008 體力科學硏究 Vol.30 No.1

This study aims to find cause of stress and the way of its termination through analyzing the date collected by means of questionnaires distributed to 242 Taekwondo Players at male and female middle and high schools in utilization of the systematic stratum random sampling method. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The outcome of a game is found to the biggest cause stress fir Taekwondo Players by gender, school grade, performance at the competition, and parents' attitude and education. parents with educational background higher than a graduate school appear to exercise more influence on the stress as a sports performance factor. 2. With regard to the ways of solving stress, dialogue and physical factors seem to be used more frequently by males than by females. highschool students are found to rely more on such factors as fact-finding for the cause of stress and communication as means of solving stress than middle schoolers. Regarding parents, there seems possibility to solve stress in mother-only family. Moreover, there is higher chance to find the cause of stress by father with education of graduate school. 3. The cause of stress is found to exercise influence during training, while the sports performance factor seem exercise a positive influence on the fact-finding factor as ways of solving stress. The factors before the game appear to exercise a positive influence on the communication factor while the personal relationship a negative influence on it It is also believed to exercise a positive influence on the physical factor during the training.

영보의 친족조직과 친족집단간 관계

김창민(Kim Chag-min) 역사문화학회 2003 지방사와 지방문화 Vol.6 No.2

This study aims to analyse the relationship of kin groups and regional identity. For this aim. I have done anthropological field research on Youngbo where two major patrilineal descent groups have dwelled for about 600 years. The name of two descent groups are Choi and Shinne which are noblemen (Yangban). The results of this study are as follow. Though Choi and Shinne have very similar historical background as a noblemen, they have different structure of kin group. Choi have one dominant ancestor and they integrated by one big-lineage. But Shinne have five reputed ancestors and each reputed ancestor is apexes of small-lineage. Choi and Shinne have competing for reputation of noblemen on Youngbo. They rebuild symbols of kin group such as ancestor halls,pavilions and set up monuments and stone markers of such symbols. They also develop the grounds of arguments who are more dominant noblemen. In this competition. Choi demonstrate integrated capacity of one integrated big-lineage, but Sinne play divided ability of each small-lineage. The competition of Choi and Shinne for reputation of noblemen play an important role in regional identity of Youngbo as a nobility village (Yangban-maul). Undertakings of two kin groups for promoting their social status as a noblemen result in monuments building and renovation of historical houses. That is,their competition promotes the reputation of Youngbo as a nobility village. In this regards. it is insisted that kin groups and regional groups are not strictly divided but well connected on nobility village. The identity of village is not separated from that of kin group and social status of village is determined by that of kin groups.

디지털 미술치료 적용을 위한 미술치료사의 디지털 매체 체험 연구

손창배(Shon, Chag_Bea),정여주(Jeong, Yeo-Ju) 한국미술치료학회 2021 美術治療硏究 Vol.28 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 미술치료사의 디지털 매체 체험의 구성요소와 구조를 살펴보고 그 의미를 파악함으로써, 디지털 미술치료의 적용 가능성을 탐구하는 데 있다. 연구 참여자는 미술치료사 5명으로 주 2회, 10회기, 회기당 90분의 디지털 미술치료 프로그램에 참여하였다. 자료 분석은 Colaizzi(1978)의 현상학적 체험연구 방법을 따랐다. 연구 결과 체험의 구조는 ‘안정적인 치료 환경의 조성’, ‘매체 탐색 및 조작 능력의 습득’, ‘디지털 매체의 치료적 촉진성’, ‘디지털 매체의 치료적 제한성’, ‘디지털 매체의 기능과 치료 목적의 적합성’, ‘디지털 매체 적용의 상호보완적 확장 및 개발의 필요’로 드러났다. 체험의 의미는 ‘디지털 미술치료의 준비요소’, ‘디지털 미술치료의 치료적 특성’, ‘디지털 미술치료의 보완적 측면’으로 도출되었다. 체험의 구조와 의미를 바탕으로 파악된 디지털 미술치료의 적용 가능성은 안정적인 치료 환경과 능숙한 매체 조작 능력을 전제 조건으로, 목적과 대상에 적합한 디지털 매체의 적용은 내담자의 창의적 표현을 촉진하는 치료적 매개 요인으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 디지털 미술치료 적용에 관한 경험과 이해에 도움이 되며, 디지털 미술치료 적용 가능성의 토대를 마련했다는 데 그 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential and applicability of digital art therapy by examining the elements and structure and grasp the meanings of art therapists’ digital media experience based on the phenomenological research. Using typical case sampling, five art therapists who fitted the desired profile were selected to participate in this study. The digital art therapy program was conducted between October 1 and November 12, 2019, twice a week for 90 minutes per session, together with in-depth interviews. The data collected were analyzed according to Colaizzi’s(1978) method. As a result of the study, the structure of experience was derived as “creation of a stable therapy environment,” “exploration of media and acquisition of media manipulation skills,” “therapeutic facilitation of digital media,” “therapeutic limitation of digital media,” “interaction between the functions of digital media and therapeutic objectives,” and “application of digital media and extension of their application”. Descriptions of the structure of experience were “preparations needed for digital art therapy,”, “therapeutic characteristics of digital art therapy,” and “complementary aspects of digital art therapy”. The potential and applicability of digital art therapy, identified based on the structure and meaning of the experience, are collectively a therapeutic mediating factor that promotes the creative expression of the client through the application of a stable treatment environment, skillful media manipulation, and digital media suitable for the purpose and target of therapy. This study is meaningful in two key ways; not only provides an experiential understanding of but also lays the foundation for the potential and applicability of digital art therapy.

Geology of the Gangreung Coalfield

李根着(Gun Chag Lee) 대한지질학회 1981 지질학회지 Vol.17 No.2

주희철학에 있어서의 公共의 의미

성현창(Seong, Hyun-Chag) 새한철학회 2014 哲學論叢 Vol.75 No.1

최근 공공성은 보이지 않는 손이 되어 사회 각 영역에서 분출하는 현상을 파악하는 키워드가 되어 부상하고 있다. 이 공공성의 지평 확대를 지향하는 것이 공공철학이다. 미국의 공공철학을 계승 발전시킨 일본의 공공철학자 중에는 공공철학의 지혜를 동양의 고전에서 발견하면서 그 연구의 영역을 『조선왕조실록』?으로 확대하여 연구 성과의 일부를 발표하고 있다. 그리고 주희의 원저에 보이는 공공과 조선시대와 에도시대의 공공의 의미의 차별화를 시도하는 연구가 보이는 데, 부자연스러움이 있음을 감출 수 없다. 주자학은 조선시대와 에도시대를 지배한 철학이지만 그것은 광의의 주자학이다. 본고에서는 협의의 주자학인 주희철학에서 공공이 어떠한 의미를 갖는지를 주희사상체계의 중심 개념인 도, 성, 리, 기 등과 연동해서 나타난 공공의 용례를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 주희철학에 있어서의 공공은 의식의 문제뿐만 아니라 개인적 도덕적 레벨에서 사회적 정치적 레벨까지를 포섭하는 개념으로 사용될 수 있음을 상정할 수 있었다. 특히 공공이 자연법과 관련해서 사용되고 있고, 人定法인 법도 천하의 공공으로 규정되어 그 내용에 있어서 철저히 도덕적이어야 함을 암시하고 있었다. 이는 주희의 권설을 통해서도 확인할수 있었다. 거기에관과 민의 협동에 의한 공공성을엿볼수 있었던 주희의 원저의용례에 대한 연구를 더하여 주자학적 공공철학을 창출할 터전이 된다. 최근 학계에서는 한국적 공공성은 어떻게 표출되어야 할까를 고민하면서 한국에 있어서의 공공철학을 구축하기 위한 모색을 탐색하는 모임을 곳곳에서 갖고 있다. 주자학적 공공철학을 창출하기 위한 출발의 성격이 강한 본고가 이러한 동향에 미력하지만 일조가 되었으면 한다. Recently, the publicness becomes the keyword to catch erupting phenomena in all social sphere and is emerging. It is public philosophy to point to expansion of the horizon of the publicness. The Japanese public philosophers who were going to find wisdom of public philosophy from Chinese classic have expanded its focus to THE ANNALS THE JOSEON DYNASTY. And there is a study trying the differentiation of public meaning between Joseon Dynasty or Edo Period and Zhuxi’s text. But there is unnaturalness in it. This paper searched what does public mean in Zhuxi’s philosophy-focus on the example which appeared in conjunction with Way(Dao 道), Principle(Li 理), Material Force(Qi 氣), Nature(Xing 性)-. As a result, public in Zhuxi’s philosophy was able to assume usability as a concept including from individual and moral level to social and political level as well as problem of the consciousness. Specifically, public is used in conjunction with Natural Law. And the law as the positive law was prescribed as public in the World and suggested that it should be moral thoroughly in the contents. It was able to confirm through Zhuxi’s the Expedient(權Quan). Add study for the example of the original works of Zhuxi which can guess the publicness according cooperation of official and people, it becomes the ground to create public philosophy of Zhuxi’s thought. In the field of academia, thinking to how the publicness in Korea should be expressed, seeking to build public philosophy in Korea is studied in many places. I hope this paper will be able to help in the trend of academia.

스토아학파의 영혼의 윤리적 훈련과 치유

장영란 ( Young Ran Chag ) 한국해석학회 2015 해석학연구 Vol.36 No.-

본 논문은 헬레니즘 시대의 스토아학파가 추구한 가장 좋은 삶을 살기 위한 삶의 기술로서 영혼의 윤리적 훈련에 관련된 주요 철학적 원리들을 찾아 정식화하고 현대적으로 해석하여 영혼의 병을 치유할 수 있는 철학적 방법들을 제시하는데 목표가 있다. 우선 스토아학파가 윤리적 대상에 대한 가장 기초적인 판단 기준으로 제시하는주요 원리는 우리에게 달려 있는 것과 우리에게 달려있지 않는 것을 구별하는 것이다. 우리는 단지 무엇이 우리에게 달려있고 무엇이 우리에게 달려있지 않다고 아는 것에 그쳐서는 안 된다. 그것을 반복적으로 각인하여 익숙해질 때까지 훈련을 해야할 필요가 있다. 다음으로 우리에게 달려있는 것들 중 특히 욕구와 충동에 대해 집중적으로 다루었다. 한편으로 욕구의 훈련은 자연에 따르는 삶을 살도록 하는데 목표가 있으며, 다른 편으로 충동의 훈련은 이성에 의해 모든 상황에 적절한 행동을 하는데 있다. 스토아학파는 욕구와 충동의 훈련을 통해 우리 자신을 우주의 법칙과 조화를 이루도록 노력하여 개인과 우주 간의 간극을 극복할 수 있다고 한다. 마지막으로 영혼의 훈련을 통해 치유에 이르는 스토아학파의 대표적인 네 가지 철학적 훈련 방법들을 제시했다. 그것들은 최악의 사태에 대한 예비훈련, 의식의 감찰 훈련, 현재에 집중하는 훈련, 죽음에의 훈련 등이다. 스토아학파의 윤리적 판단의 기본 원리와 관련하여 최악의 사태에 대한 예비훈련’은 우리에게 달려있지 않는 일들과 관련하여 우리가 평정심을 유지할 수 있도록 하는 훈련이며, 의식의 감찰 훈련은 우리에게 달려 있는 일들과 관련하여 사전에 미리 점검하고 사후에 감찰하는 훈련이라 할 수 있다. ‘현재에 집중하는 훈련’도 우리에게 달려 있는 것이 ‘현재’뿐이기 때문이며 현재에 몰입하는 훈련이며, ‘죽음에의 훈련’도 죽음이 매일 지금 우리 눈앞에 있는 것처럼 행동하여 우리의 삶을 매 순간 완전하고 자족적으로 생각하는 훈련이다. 스토아학파는 이러한 훈련을 통해 궁극적으로 행복에 도달할 수 있다고 생각하였다. This paper is purposed to formulate the main philosophical principles involved in the ethical training of the soul as art of life to live the best life in the Hellenistic stoics, and to propose philosophical way to heal diseases of the soul by modern interpretation. Above all I present the most basic criteria of stoics to discriminate between what is up to us and what is not up to us, and then to exercise it repeatedly until we make a habit of it. Next, I focus on desires and impulses of the things that are up to us. The training of desires is aimed to live a life according to the nature on the one hand, and the training of impulse is aimed to e by reason on the other side. Stoics is necessary to spiritual exercises to live the best life. Finally, we examine some of the stoics ways leading to the healing of the soul by spiritual exercises. First, ‘preliminary training for the worst’ (praemeditatio malorum) is to prepare to be free from disturbance that our soul must be suffered when we do not pay much attention. Second, ‘the attention on consciousness’ is to return the self, to take care of it, and to examine it for freedom of the soul. It is the spiritual exercise which we think ourselves as a defendant, a judge, and a lawyer like a court case to examine their own behavior. Third, ‘the concentration on the present’ is focused on the present, and emphasizes the training of attention on the present. It is necessary to focus attention on what happened to me at the present. What could be chage us is just things that happened in just now. Fourth, ‘the training for death’ is death is always the way of living each day as last day. This is how to overcome the fear on death and can lead to self-sufficiency through life by focusing attention on the present.

토석류 방재구조물 성능 검토 수치해석 - Case study: 부산 백양산

정석일 ( Seokil Jeong ),송창근 ( Chag Geun Song ),김홍택 ( Hong Taek Kim ),이승오 ( Seung Oh Lee ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2018 한국안전학회지 Vol.33 No.4

The number of landslides has increased since the 2000s due to the increased frequency of heavy rainfall caused by abnormal weather. A variety of debris flow prevention facilities have been installed as a countermeasure against this problem. However, it is not easy to evaluate the efficiency of debris flow prevention structures except for the structures with constant volume such as the erosion dam, because the other structures are limited to be reproduced in simulation program for debris flow. Therefore, the methods by which the debris flow prevention structures were modeled were proposed, and the efficiency of four prevention structures installed in Baekyang Mt. in Busan was evaluated with UDS, which accuracy had been verified, using these methods. The initial amount of debris flow was determined based on landslide which occurred in 2014, and specifications of the complex retaining walls around the settlements were measured and applied modeling for terrain. The numerical results showed that the efficiency of debris flow prevention structures could be quantitatively presented. Among the debris flow prevention structures installed in Baekyang Mt., prevention structure of barrier type for debris flow was the most efficiency and debris flow prevention device was the lowest efficiency when the only depth of debris was evaluated. It seems that this study is meaningful to propose the methods which were used to model the debris flow prevention structures that could not be reproduced in most 2D debris flow numerical analysis programs. If precise verification of the presented methods is carried out, it will be possible to provide clear criteria for the efficiency evaluation method of disaster prevention structures.

이중 맹검법에 의한 단순포진 및 대상포진에 대한 Viramid�연고의 치험

고현희,신창식,우종설,이일수 최신의학사 1984 最新醫學 Vol.27 No.1