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Y.C. Huang,M.D. TuMuli Lulios,Chu-Ho Chang,M. Nasir Noor,Jen-Chung Shao,Chien-Liang Chiu,Tsair-Fwu Lee,Renata Wang 국제구조공학회 2024 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.90 No.3
This research explores a new finite element model for the free vibration analysis of bi-directional functionally graded (BDFG) beams. The model is based on an efficient higher-order shear deformation beam theory that incorporates a trigonometric warping function for both transverse shear deformation and stress to guarantee traction-free boundary conditions without the necessity of shear correction factors. The proposed two-node beam element has three degrees of freedom per node, and the inter-element continuity is retained using both C1 and C0 continuities for kinematics variables. In addition, the mechanical properties of the (BDFG) beam vary gradually and smoothly in both the in-plane and out-of-plane beam’s directions according to an exponential power-law distribution. The highly elevated performance of the developed model is shown by comparing it to conceptual frameworks and solution procedures. Detailed numerical investigations are also conducted to examine the impact of boundary conditions, the bi-directional gradient indices, and the slenderness ratio on the free vibration response of BDFG beams. The suggested finite element beam model is an excellent potential tool for the design and the mechanical behavior estimation of BDFG structures.
Facile backbone structure determination of human membrane proteins by NMR spectroscopy
Klammt, Christian,Maslennikov, Innokentiy,Bayrhuber, Monika,Eichmann, C챕dric,Vajpai, Navratna,Chiu, Ellis Jeremy Chua,Blain, Katherine Y,Esquivies, Luis,Kwon, June Hyun Jung,Balana, Bartosz,Pieper, Ur Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2012 Nature methods Vol.9 No.8
Although nearly half of today's major pharmaceutical drugs target human integral membrane proteins (hIMPs), only 30 hIMP structures are currently available in the Protein Data Bank, largely owing to inefficiencies in protein production. Here we describe a strategy for the rapid structure determination of hIMPs, using solution NMR spectroscopy with systematically labeled proteins produced via cell-free expression. We report new backbone structures of six hIMPs, solved in only 18 months from 15 initial targets. Application of our protocols to an additional 135 hIMPs with molecular weight <30 kDa yielded 38 hIMPs suitable for structural characterization by solution NMR spectroscopy without additional optimization.
Improving the Sensitivity of a High-Tc SQUID Magnetometer with a Serial Array
Chiu-Hsien Wu,Hong-Chang Yang,J. C. Chen,C. T. Chiang,C. Y. Chen,Herng-Er Horng,J. T. Jeng,K. L Chen,M. J. Chen 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.5I
To pursue a high-reproducibility and high-quality SQUID for high-Tc superconducting applications, we have designed and fabricated a flip-chip magnetometer as a sensor for measuring weak magnetic signals. The magnetometer consists of a serial SQUID magnetometer coupled to a flux focuser. The SQUIDs are connected in series, thereby increasing the peak-to-peak value of the voltage-flux transfer function, V. A flux focuser is employed to increase the effective area of the SQUID. The serial SQUID array has high-quality device characteristics. High-Tc SQUID magnetometers exhibiting a magnetic field sensitivity of 45 fT/Hz1/2 in the white region and 200 fT/Hz1/2 at 1 Hz have been demonstrated in this work. The flip-chip SQUID magnetometer shows a sufficiently high sensitivity to record magnetocardiograms.
The Effects of Endurance Training on the Hemogram of the Horse
Fan, Y.K.,Hsu, J.C.,Peh, H.C.,Tsang, C.L.,Cheng, S.P.,Chiu, S.C.,Ju, J.C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.9
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes and readjustment capacity in the hematological characteristics of the horse during and after a prolonged training program. One pony and two hot-blooded horses were used in this study. Resting or basal blood parameters were assessed by collecting blood samples of the animals for 1 to 2 months prior to start of the training program. Each animal was subjected to arbitrary exercise for 30 min by an automatic hot trotter and was bled at 0, 15, 30, 45 (15 min of recovery), 60 (30 min of recovery), and 75 min (45 min of recovery) after onset of exercise. All animals were exercised 3 times a week over a fivemonth period. Hematological parameters including average white blood cell counts (WBC, ${\times}$$10^3$/$\mu$l), erythrocyte concentrations (RBC, ${\times}$$10^6$/$\mu$l), hematocrit (HCT, %), mean corpuscular volume (MCV, fl), number of platelets (PLT, ${\times}$$10^4$/$\mu$l), hemoglobin concentration (Hb, g/dl), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH, pg), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC, g/dl) were analyzed using an automatic cell counter. All animals showed that RBC, WBC, and HCT were significantly (p<0.05) increasing from 7.09, 8.55, and 43.5 to 8.11, 9.67, and 49.5, respectively, during the 30 min of exercise and were back to or lower than the initial basis (resting and 0 min) 30 min after exercise. However, no significant differences were detected in MCV (50.3-51.3 fl), MCH (17.2-17.4 pg), and MCHC (33.7-34.4 g/dl) values (p>0.05) regardless of the training periods. Similar trends were observed after 1, 3, 4, and 5 months of training when compared to the resting state. When these parameters were analyzed by the effect of training periods (month), mean WBC concentrations significantly reduced in the fourth and fifth month after onset of training compared to that in resting condition or the first month of training program (p<0.05). The RBC values elevated at the second month (9.40) and reaching a significantly low level (p<0.001) at the fifth month (8.62) after training compared to the first month of training (7.89). In conclusion, a mild training program enhances blood parameters gradually in both the horse and the pony. Therefore, an optimized training program is beneficial in promoting the endurance performance of the horse.
Vibration isolation system with a compact damping system for power recycling mirrors of KAGRA
Akiyama, Y,Akutsu, T,Ando, M,Arai, K,Arai, Y,Araki, S,Araya, A,Aritomi, N,Asada, H,Aso, Y,Bae, S,Baiotti, L,Barton, M A,Cannon, K,Capocasa, E,Chen, C-S,Chiu, T-W,Cho, K,Chu, Y-K,Craig, K,Dattilo, V,Do Institute of Physics 2019 Classical and quantum gravity Vol.36 No.9
<P>A vibration isolation system called the Type-Bp system used for power recycling mirrors has been developed for KAGRA, the interferometric gravitational-wave observatory in Japan. A suspension of the Type-Bp system passively isolates an optic from seismic vibration using three main pendulum stages equipped with two vertical vibration isolation systems. A compact reaction mass around each of the main stages allows for achieving sufficient damping performance with a simple feedback as well as vibration isolation ratio. Three Type-Bp systems were installed in KAGRA, and were proved to satisfy the requirements on the damping performance, and also on estimated residual displacement of the optics.</P>
E-beam lithography and electrodeposition fabrication of thick nanostructured devices
Lo, T N,Chen, Y T,Chiu, C W,Liu, C J,Wu, S R,Lin, I K,Su, C I,Chang, W D,Hwu, Y,Shew, B Y,Chiang, C C,Je, J H,Margaritondo, G Institute of Physics [etc.] 2007 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.40 No.10
<P>A nanofabrication approach based on advanced e-beam lithography and electrodeposition successfully produced high-resolution (≈40 nm line width) metal structures with high aspect ratio (>12) and high density. The combination of these characteristics is essential for hard-x-ray optical components such as zone plates, for x-ray lithography masks and for other devices.</P>