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Lithistid sponge-microbial reefs, Nevada, USA: Filling the late Cambrian ‘reef gap’

Lee, Jeong-Hyun,Dattilo, Benjamin F.,Mrozek, Stephanie,Miller, James F.,Riding, Robert Elsevier 2019 Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology Vol.520 No.-
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Abstract Cambrian–Ordovician sponge-microbial mounds in the Great Basin of the western USA reveal reef structure and composition immediately prior to the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE). Here we describe lithistid sponge-microbial reefs from the upper Cambrian (Furongian, Stage 10) strata of the Arrow Canyon Range, Nevada. The reefs are mound-like structures up to 1 to 2 m high and a few meters wide that consist of an unidentified thin-walled, bowl-shaped anthaspidellid sponge, columnar microstromatolite fabric, and the calcified microbe Angusticellularia. The reefs formed in low-energy, subtidal environments in which lime mud filled spongocoels and inter-reef spaces around undisturbed, in place, thin-walled sponges. The reefs colonized stable substrates provided by oolitic and bioclastic grainstone shoals. The mutually attached lithistid sponges form the main framework of the reefs. These thin-walled and bowl-shaped lithistids most likely were adapted to low-energy environments. Spaces beneath the overhanging sponge walls were filled by microbial carbonates. These include pendent micro-dendritic Angusticellularia attached to dermal sponge surfaces and upward-growing masses of microstromatolites. After death the lithistid spongocoels were mainly filled by micritic sediment that hosted soft-bodied burrowing organisms and keratose-like sponges. These lithistid sponge-microbial reefs, together with an earlier example of late Cambrian (Paibian) dendrolite-lithistid reefs in the same area, characterize skeletal-microbial reefs immediately prior to the GOBE. Highlights <UL> <LI> Lithistid sponges formed reef frameworks in the upper Cambrian of Nevada, USA. </LI> <LI> Reefs dominated by thin-walled sponges developed under low-energy conditions. </LI> <LI> Spaces beneath the overhanging sponge walls were filled by microbial carbonates. </LI> <LI> In the Great Basin, gradual reef transition occurred across Cambro-Ordovician boundary. </LI> <LI> Regional disparities in reef evolution pattern during early stage of the GOBE are recognized. </LI> </UL>
2
Using Illness Rating Systems to Predict Discharge Location Following Total Knee Arthroplasty

Sarah Rudasill,Jonathan R. Dattilo,Jiabin Liu,Ari Clements,Charles L. Nelson,Atul F. Kamath 대한슬관절학회 2018 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.30 No.1
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 KCI
 
 KISS
Purpose: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is increasing in frequency and cost. Optimization of discharge location may reduce total expenditure while maximizing patient outcomes. Although preoperative illness rating systems—including the American Society for Anesthesiologists Physical Classification System (ASA), severity of illness scoring system (SOI), and Mallampati rating scale (MP)—are associated with patient morbidity and mortality, their predictive value for discharge location, length of stay (LOS), and total costs remains unclear. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 677 TKA patients (550 primary and 127 revision) treated at a single institution. The influence of ASA, SOI, and MP scores on discharge locations, LOS, and total costs was assessed using multivariable regression analyses. Results: None of the systems were significant predictors of discharge location following TKA. SOI scores of major or higher (β=2.08 days, p<0.001) and minor (β=–0.25 days, p=0.009) significantly predicted LOS relative to moderate scores. Total costs were also significantly predicted by SOI scores of major or higher (β=$6,155, p=0.022) and minor (β=–$1,163, p=0.007). Conclusions: SOI scores may be harnessed as a predictive tool for LOS and total costs following TKA, but other mechanisms are necessary to predict discharge location.
3
Vibration isolation system with a compact damping system for power recycling mirrors of KAGRA

Akiyama, Y,Akutsu, T,Ando, M,Arai, K,Arai, Y,Araki, S,Araya, A,Aritomi, N,Asada, H,Aso, Y,Bae, S,Baiotti, L,Barton, M A,Cannon, K,Capocasa, E,Chen, C-S,Chiu, T-W,Cho, K,Chu, Y-K,Craig, K,Dattilo, V,Do Institute of Physics 2019 Classical and quantum gravity Vol.36 No.9
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A vibration isolation system called the Type-Bp system used for power recycling mirrors has been developed for KAGRA, the interferometric gravitational-wave observatory in Japan. A suspension of the Type-Bp system passively isolates an optic from seismic vibration using three main pendulum stages equipped with two vertical vibration isolation systems. A compact reaction mass around each of the main stages allows for achieving sufficient damping performance with a simple feedback as well as vibration isolation ratio. Three Type-Bp systems were installed in KAGRA, and were proved to satisfy the requirements on the damping performance, and also on estimated residual displacement of the optics.