대도시에 거주하는 여성의 모유 중 Indicator PCBs와 식이습성 및 인구통계학적 인자간의 관계

위성욱,김기호,조봉희,조유진,윤조희,민병윤,We, Sung-Ug,Kim, Ki-Ho,Cho, Bong-Hui,Cho, Yu-Jin,Yoon, Cho-Hee,Min, Byung-Yoon 한국환경보건학회 2010 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.36 No.3

In this study, breast milk levels of indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were estimated, and statistics drawn, for 22 Koreans in the general population, aged 26-38, who had resided in metropolitan areas for more than 5 years without occupational exposure to organochlorine pollutants. Concentrations of indicator PCBs were measured using the isotope dilution method with a high resolution gas chromatograph/high resolution mass detector, which provided accurate and precise data for investigation of trends, and international comparisons. The geometric mean of total indicator PCB levels was 22.3 ng/g lipid, which is significantly lower than the level in individuals from European countries. Overall, the geometric mean and 95th percentile of the most abundant congener PCB 153 were 8.04 ng/g lipid and 16.4 ng/g lipid, respectively. PCB congeners 138, 153 and 180 together accounted for about 75% of the indicator congeners analyzed. Breast milk total indicator PCB concentrations were significantly associated with age and parity, but not with body mass index (BMI), rate of body weight increase, or smoking habits. The geometric mean level of PCB 153 in breast milk from mothers with a pre-pregnant BMI < $21\;kg/m^2$ was significantly higher than in pre-pregnant women with a BMI of ${\geqslant}\;21\;kg/m^2$ (p<0.05). Women who ate more fish, meat, and milk products did not have significantly higher total indicator PCB levels than those who ate less of these products, but a significant difference in PCB 153 levels was demonstrated between the subjects consuming higher (11.45 ng/g lipid) and lower (6.79 ng/g lipid) amounts of fish (p<0.05), after adjusting for confounders. These results suggest that age, parity and fish intake are the important factors affecting the concentrations of indicator PCBs in these subjects.

영유아의 모유 섭취에 따른 폴리브롬화디페닐에테르의 위해성 평가

위성욱(Sung Ug We),조봉희(Bong Hui Cho),조유진(Yu Jin Cho),윤조희(Cho Hee Yoon),최시내(Shi Nai Choi),민병윤(Byung Yun Min) 大韓環境工學會 2012 대한환경공학회지 Vol.34 No.2

본 연구는 한국인 산모의 모유 중 PBDEs의 노출수준 및 위해성평가를 위해 서울지역에서 총 22개의 모유시료를 대상 으로 분석되었다. PBDEs는 모든 대상 모유시료에서 검출되어, 이러한 화학물질이 서울지역에 거주하는 일반인에게 광범위하 게 노출되었음을 시사한다. ΣPBDEs의 잔류수준은 0.84~13.1 ng/g lipid의 범위로 산술평균 농도는 3.56 ng/g lipid, 중앙값은 2.6 ng/g lipid이었다. 모유 중 ΣPBDEs 농도 수준은 중국, 대만, 유럽국가(스위덴)와 유사하고 몇몇 아시아(베트남, 필리핀, 인도네 시아)보다는 다소 높았다. 그러나 세계에서 PBDEs 소비가 가장 많은 북아메리카의 농도 수준보다는 10~100배 낮은 농도였다. 이성질체 기여율은 BDE-47이 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 BDE-153, BDE-100, BDE-99, BDE-28, BDE-183 그리고 BDE-154 순이 었다. BDE-47과 BDE-153의 합은 대부분의 시료에서 ΣPBDEs의 약 65% 이상을 차지하였다. 영아의 모유 수유에 따른 ΣPBDEs 위해성 평가 결과 영아의 모유 수유를 통한 6개월간 평균일일노출량은 16.5 ng/kg·bw/day로 산출되었으며, BDE-47의 인체노 출에 따른 위해도 지수(95th percentile)는 1.2 × 10-1로 예측되어 6개월간 모유 수유로 인한 영아의 건강유해영향은 나타나지 않 을 것으로 평가되었다. This study achieves results from 22 maternity breast milk samples in total to demonstrate exposure level and risk assessment of PBDEs in Seoul area. PBDEs were detected in all the breast milk samples of the present study, indicating that general population in these Seoul area are widely exposed to these chemicals. Residue levels of total PBDEs (sum PBDEs from tri- to hepta-BDE) ranged of 0.84~13.1 ng/g lipid with an arithmetic mean and median of 3.56 ng/g lipid and 2.6 ng/g lipid, respectively. Global comparison shows that the levels of total PBDEs were relatively similar to those of China, Taiwan and European country (Sweden), and somewhat higher than those in some Asian (Vietnam, Philippines, and Indonesia). In the present study, however, the levels of total PBDEs in human milk are still one to two orders of magnitude lower than those in North America. Contribution rate of each congener appeared to be predominant with BDE-47, followed by BDE-153, BDE-100, BDE-99, BDE-154 and BDE-183. The sum of BDE-47 and BDE-153 accounted for more than 65% of total PBDEs in most samples. From the result of the human risk assessment of infants for total PBDEs and BDE-47 by breast milk feeding, we could find out that the average daily doses and hazard index (95th percentile) were 16.5 ng/kg·bw/day and 1.2 × 10-1 each other when nursing for 6 months after infants born. However, it was concluded that the infant health hardly had adverse seriously effects under this research condition.

초산부, 경산부 초유 중 PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs의 축적수준 및 상관성 평가

Sung-Ug We(위성욱),Ki-Ho Kim(김기호),Yu-Jin Cho(조유진),Bong-Hui Cho(조봉희),Sang-Ah Park(박상아),In-Cheon Baek(백인천),Seong-Hoon Kang(강성훈),Cho-Hee Yoon(윤조희),Byung-Yoon Min(민병윤) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.7

PCDDs, PCDFs, dl-PCBs는 많은 역학 연구에서 독성오염물질이라고 간주되고 있는 생물축적 화학물질이다. 본 연구는 산모 초유 중에 이들 오염물질을 조사 분석하여 산모특성에 따른 축적성 및 상관성을 평가한 것으로, 실험대상 산모는 2007년에 평균연령 31.5세(표준편차=3.6세)의 건강한 초산부와 경산부이다. PCDDs 7개 이성질체, PCDFs 10개 이성질체, non-ortho PCBs 4개와 mono-ortho PCBs 8개 이성질체가 HRGC/HRMS로 분석되었다. 총 WHO-TEQs 평균값은 9.41 pg TEQ/g lipid로 다른 나라 농도에 비하여 낮은 수준이었다. 백분율의 증가와 함께 총 WHO-TEQs의 주요 기여자는 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD 및 3,3´,4,4´,5-PCB (#126)이며, 총 WHO-TEQs의 60% 이상으로 나타났다. PCDFs 농도와 총 WHO-TEQs는 출산경험에 대해서는 음의 상관관계를 나타내었으며(p<0.05) 산모의 연령은 총 WHO-TEQs에 대해서 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다(p<0.01). 그러나, 임신 전 체질량지수와 어류섭취의 상관관계는 유의성이 없었다. 이들 결과로부터 출산경력과 산모 연령은 모유 내의 PCDD/DFs 및 dl-PCBs의 농도에 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자로 판단된다. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) are bioaccumulative chemicals that are considered to be toxic contaminants based on several epidemiological studies. These chemicals in colostrum were investigated and estimated for their residual consistencies by maternal characteristics like parity and maternal ages. Test subjects were healthy primipara and multipara mothers with a mean age of 31.5 (S.D=3.6) in 2007. Seven isomers of PCDDs, 10 of PCDFs, 4 of non-orthopolychlorinated biphenyls(non-ortho PCBs) and 8 of mono-orthochlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (mono-ortho PCBs) were analyzed by HRGC/HRMS. From the analyzed data, the mean level of total WHO-TEQs was 9.41 pg TEQ/g lipid, which is significantly lower than the level found in individuals from other countries. The main contributors to the total WHO-TEQs with increasing percentages were 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD and 3,3',4,4',5-PCB (#126), and they accounted for more than 60% of the total WHO-TEQs. PCDFs concentrations and total WHO-TEQs were negatively associated with parity (p<0.05), and maternal age was positively associated with total WHO-TEQs (p<0.01). However, the associations with body mass index (BMI) and fish intake during pregnancy were not significant. These results were suggested that parity and maternal age are an important factor affecting the concentrations of PCDD/DFs and dl-PCBs in these specimens.

아라키돈산이 풍부한 곰팡이 추출 기름(ARASCO)의 도포가 쥐의 피부 화상 회복에 미치는 영향

이승교,강희윤,조봉희 수원대학교 기능성생명소재연구소 2003 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Mortierella alpina, a common soil fungus, is the most efficient organism to produce an arachdonic acid. Since arachidonic acid are important in cell membrane structure as phospholipids components, it was undertaken the healing effect of spreading at burned skin as an ointment. Arachidonic acid rich oil derived from Mortierella alpina (the name of Martek, ARASCO) was subjected to establish for the treatment of burned skin. This study was searched the healing effect in burned tissues of ARASCO by spreading skin once a day over all experiment duration, 32 days. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (±330g n=30) received experimental treatments 3 groups. Comparing group was treated soybean oil (linoleic acid rich) in burned skin for the role of essential fatty acid (n-6). No-treated group was set as control. There was no statistical difference in weight gain during experimental period. With the observation by naked eye, the healing velocity was fast in ARASCO treat at 3rd week of recovery wound. At the 4th week, soybean oil treated group followed up the recovery velocity. With the observation by microscope after sacrifice, numbers of hair follicles were more in oil treated groups than control, but there was no difference between groups in the length of epidermis, dermis and numbers of hair follicles. The length of hypodermis, where placed lipid and deep vascular structure layer with the function of support nutrition, ARASCO treated group had longest than others. Burned skin-healing need to treat any of oil; ARASCO was more effect than soybean oil. Further analyses would be needed to search cell membrane structure and treat arachidonic acid, with Mortierella Alpina extracted oil.