RELIABILITY-BASED OPTIMAL DESIGN OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS USING GENETIC ALGORITHM

GUPTA RAJESH,BALASUBRAMANIYAN G.,NEMA ARVIND K. 한국수자원학회 2005 한국수자원학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

Stabilized soil incorporating combinations of rice husk ash, pond ash and cement

Gupta, Deepak,Kumar, Arvind Techno-Press 2017 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.12 No.1

The paper presents the laboratory study of clayey soil stabilized with Pond ash (PA), Rice husk ash (RHA), cement and their combination used as stabilizers to develop and evaluate the performance of clayey soil. The effect of stabilizer types and dosage on fresh and mechanical properties is evaluated through compaction tests, unconfined compressive strength tests (UCS) and Split tensile strength tests (STS) performed on raw and stabilized soil. In addition SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) tests were carried out on certain samples in order to study the surface morphological characteristics and hydraulic compounds, which were formed. Specimens were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days after which they were tested for unconfined compression tests and split tensile strength tests. The moisture and density curves indicate that addition of RHA and pond ash results in an increase in optimum moisture content (OMC) and decrease in maximum dry density (MDD). The replacement of clay with 40% PA, 10% RHA and 4% cement increased the strength (UCS and STS) of overall mix in comparison to the mixes where PA and RHA were used individually with cement. The improvement of 336% and 303% in UCS and STS respectively has been achieved with reference to clay only. Developed stabilized soil mixtures have shown satisfactory strength and can be used for low-cost construction to build road infrastructures.

Stoichiometry dependent changes in the optical properties and nanoscale track formation of PECVD grown a-SiNx:H thin films upon 100 MeV Au8+ ion irradiation

Gupta Harsh,Ghosh Santanu,Khan Saif A.,Srivastava Himanshu,Srivastava Arvind,Srivastava Pankaj 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.24 No.-

-SiNx:H thin films of different stoichiometry grown by PECVD were subjected to irradiation by 100 MeV Au8+ ions with various fluences to understand the effect of stoichiometry on properties of thin films upon irradiation. Ellipsometry and UV–Vis study suggest the variation in the refractive index of thin films with fluence. The evolution of Hydrogen due to irradiation is quantified with the help of ERDA. RBS was probed to study the change in thin films’ composition upon irradiation, which further helps understand the change in thin films’ optical properties. Quenching of photoluminescence in the films with all stoichiometries was also observed due to ion irradiation. X-TEM images show the formation of discontinuous ion tracks of radius 2.5 nm in the film closer to silicon nitride stoichiometry. However, Si rich film does not show the clear formation of tracks. Results are explained in the framework of the Thermal spike mechanism of ion-solid interaction.

Change detection of landscape connectivity arisen by forest transformation in Hazaribagh wildlife sanctuary, Jharkhand (India)

Gupta Saurabh Kumar,Pandey Arvind Chandra 대한공간정보학회 2020 Spatial Information Research Vol.28 No.4

Forest land conversion is the primary driver of biodiversity decline worldwide. Hazaribagh wildlife sanctuary is a region of rich biodiversity in which forests and wildlife are deteriorating fast. The prime reasons for forest degradation and wildlife loss are the landscape connectivity weakening and forest transformation. In the present work, landscape connectivity and forest transformation relationships were analyzed in a spatio-temporal domain. The forest patches as a group of spectral abundance were extracted using the endmember retrieval technique. The connectivity analysis was performed by using a connectivity index in the extracted forest patches. Forest transformation is calculated using a post-classification change detection strategy for five types of forest cover during the four phases of the year (1992–2005, 2005–2010, 2010–2017 and 1992–2017). The forest cover was measured using a forest canopy density model using spectral indices. The landscape connectivity of 80–100% exhibit a rapid increase of 38% in 2005 from 1992 contrary to a 13% decrease in 2010 and 2017. The 23% loss of forest cover from 2005 to 2010 and a 17% loss in 2010–2017 phase of forest transformation weakened the forest connectivity. Forest cover, having a density higher than 40% was more vulnerable to degradation and landscape connectivity loss. The result shows that such declines of forest cover and landscape connectivity will reduce the genetic diversity in the forest, especially the mammalian population.

Effect of Mandibular Advancement Splint on Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Insulin Resistant Diabetes

Ashutosh Gupta,Arvind Tripathi,Praveen Rai,Piyush Sharma,Vijay Yadav,Dewanshu Kumar 대한수면연구학회 2020 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.17 No.1

Objectives: Obstructive Sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by complete or partial obstruction of upper airflow despite the effort to breathe, leading to hypoxemia and hypercapnia. The resultant apnea causes sleep fragmentation, which in turn increases sympathetic activity, decreases insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake, and stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis that ultimately leads to type 2 diabetes. Most studies exploring the effect of continuous positive airway pressure on insulin sensitivity have showed a positive effect. However, there is no evidence on the effect of mandibular advancement device on insulin resistance (IR). This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of mandibular advancement splint (MAS) on IR in patients with OSA. Methods: The present study was conducted at Department of Prosthodontics, Dental College Azamgarh, from June 2015 to July 2017. Sixty eight dentulous patients with type 2 diabetes and mild to moderate OSA and with stable diabetic regimen were included in the study. A MAS was fabricated and fixed at 70% of the maximum mandibular protrusion recorded. Patients that were comfortable with MAS after one month were assessed for apnea-hypopnea index, mean oxygen saturation, and IR at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year after wearing MAS. Results: An improvement in insulin sensitivity was observed at 6 months for mild OSA patients (p=0.001). For moderate OSA patients, no significant improvement was observed following MAS use (p>0.05). Conclusions: The finding suggested that MAS is effective in improving IR in mild OSA patients.

Molecular analysis of bacterial community dynamics during the fermentation of soy-daddawa condiment

Ezeokoli, Obinna,Gupta, Arvind,Popoola, Temitope,Bezuidenhout, Cornelius 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

Bacterial community dynamics during soy-daddawa fermentation was investigated using culture-dependent and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) molecular methods. The total titratable acidity (TTA), pH, and bacterial counts (BCs) were monitored daily during a 72-h fermentation period. Bacteria were characterized based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. TTA ranged from 0.08 to 0.26 mg lactic acid/g, whereas pH ranged from 7.01 to 8.19. BCs increased from 3.9 to 10.61 log CFU/g. Fifty-eight isolates were obtained by culture method and clustered into seven operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% sequence similarity, whereas four OTUs were obtained from the PCR-DGGE method. Taxonomic identification revealed that bacteria belonged to the genera Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus with B. subtilis being present throughout fermentation. Medically significant isolates, including B. anthracis, Enterococcus casseliflavus, and Enterobacter hormaechei were detected. These results emphasize the need for starter culture utilization and offer a platform for starter culture screening and selection.

Molecular analysis of bacterial community dynamics during the fermentation of soy-daddawa condiment

Obinna Ezeokoli,Arvind Gupta,Temitope Popoola,Cornelius Bezuidenhout 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

Bacterial community dynamics during soy-daddawa fermentation was investigated usingculture-dependent and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) molecular methods. The total titratable acidity (TTA), pH, and bacterial counts (BCs) were monitored daily during a 72-hfermentation period. Bacteria were characterized based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. TTA rangedfrom 0.08 to 0.26 mg lactic acid/g, whereas pH ranged from 7.01 to 8.19. BCs increased from 3.9 to10.61 log CFU/g. Fifty-eight isolates were obtained by culture method and clustered into sevenoperational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% sequence similarity, whereas four OTUs were obtainedfrom the PCR-DGGE method. Taxonomic identification revealed that bacteria belonged to the generaBacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus with B. subtilis being present throughoutfermentation. Medically significant isolates, including B. anthracis, Enterococcus casseliflavus, andEnterobacter hormaechei were detected. These results emphasize the need for starter culture utilizationand offer a platform for starter culture screening and selection.

Photo-crosslinked polymer networks based on graphene-functionalized soybean oil and their properties

Hui Wang,Arvind Gupta,김범수 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.4

The increasing importance of products which are sustainable and eco-friendly drives the scientific community to develop materials derived from bio-based and agricultural feedstock. With the same motivation, we have developed acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO)-based composite with functionalized graphene or graphene oxide using UV curing technique. Graphene and graphene oxide were chemically functionalized with 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 4,4'-diphenylmethanediisocyanate/hydroxyl ethyl acrylate, respectively, and used as filler in the AESO matrix. Infra-red and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide along with formation of polymer network in composite. Functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide was found to be effective in enhancing homogeneous dispersion into the polymer matrix, which ultimately improved mechanical properties of base polymer (~48% increase in tensile strength with 0.02% addition of functionalized graphene). On the other hand, AESO composite with graphene and graphene oxide without functionalization exhibited lower tensile strengths. The functionalization of graphene and graphene oxide and incorporation of the same in the polymer network using UV curing technique provides a realistic and effective methodology to obtain high performance composite for several applications.

The Clinical, Etiological, and Demographic Profile of Children Aged 1 to 14 Years with Seizures Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Gwalior District, India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vasudevan Mani,Ghanshyam Das,Arvind Gupta,Ajay Gaur,Durgesh Shukla 대한소아신경학회 2024 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Purpose: The clinical profile of seizures among children exhibits ethnic and geographical variations. The objective of this study was to examine the clinical, etiological, and demographic profiles of childhood seizures. Methods: This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study. Data were collected on the socio-demographic profile, details of the clinical presentation of seizure episodes, past history of meningitis, and neuroimaging (i.e., computed tomography [CT] scans), as well as the history of risk factors. Numbers, percentages, the chi-square test, and the Fisher exact test statistic were calculated. A P value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: This study included 102 patients, of whom 82 experienced generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and the remaining 20 had focal seizures. The most common age at presentation was between 1 and 4 years (55.9%). Approximately 70.0% of the children experienced postictal confusion and drowsiness, 38.2% had fever or sleep deprivation, and 25.5% suffered from headaches or vomiting. Postictal confusion and drowsiness were significantly more prevalent in children with GTCS (76.8%) compared to those with focal seizures (45.0%). Cerebral edema was the most common abnormality detected on CT scans in children with GTCS (n=6). Conclusion: Younger age, neonatal brain insult, and family history were found to be associated with a higher risk of seizure episodes. Postictal confusion and drowsiness were identified as the most common clinical features. Postictal confusion and drowsiness were significantly more prevalent in GTCS compared to focal seizures. Cerebral edema was the most common abnormality observed in GTCS on CT neuroimaging.

Ultrasound Assisted Green Synthesis of Silver and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Fenugreek Seed Extract and Their Enhanced Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities

Deshmukh, Aarti R.,Gupta, Arvind,Kim, Beom Soo Hindawi 2019 BioMed research international Vol.2019 No.-

<P>This study reports a facile and ecofriendly approach for the ultrasound assisted synthesis of silver and iron oxide nanoparticles and their enhanced antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The fenugreek seed extract was used as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of nanoparticles. The transmission electron microscopy results showed that nanoparticles synthesized by ultrasonication have a smaller size (~20 nm) as compared to the nanoparticles fabricated by magnetic stirring (~40 nm). The color change of the solution from milky white to brown suggested the formation of silver nanoparticles which was confirmed by the presence of an absorbance peak at 396 nm. The results of powder X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the crystallinity and elements present in nanoparticles synthesized using fenugreek seed extract. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that the fenugreek seed phytochemicals were coated on the nanoparticle surface. Thermal gravimetric analysis showed the thermal degradation and stability of nanoparticles. Magnetization study of iron oxide nanoparticles confirmed the superparamagnetic nature. The silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activities against both gram-negative (<I>Escherichia coli</I>) and gram-positive (<I>Staphylococcus aureus</I>) bacteria, while no antibacterial activities were observed for iron oxide nanoparticles. The ultrasound assisted nanoparticles showed higher stability and antibacterial and antioxidant activity compared with the nanoparticles fabricated by magnetic stirring.</P>