Electrochemical Nanosensor for Real-Time Direct Imaging of Nitric Oxide in Living Brain

Jo, Areum,Do, Hyunkyung,Jhon, Gil-Ja,Suh, Minah,Lee, Youngmi American Chemical Society 2011 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.83 No.21

<P>As gaseous nitric oxide (NO), a critical and multifaceted biomarker, diffuses easily once released, identifying the precise sources of NO release is a challenge. This study developed a new technique for real-time <I>in vivo</I> direct NO imaging by coupling an amperometric NO nanosensor with scanning electrochemical microscopy. This technique provides three-dimensional information of the NO releasing sites in an intact living mouse brain with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out to confirm the anatomical reliability of the acquired electrochemical NO image. The real-time NO imaging results were well matched with the corresponding immunohistochemical analysis of neuronal NO synthase immunoreactive (nNOS-IR) cells, i.e., NO releasing sites in a living brain. The imaged NO local concentrations were confirmed to be closely related to the location in depth, the size of the nNOS-IR cell, and the intensity of nNOS immunoreactivity. This paper demonstrates the first direct electrochemical NO imaging of a living brain.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2011/ancham.2011.83.issue-21/ac202225n/production/images/medium/ac-2011-02225n_0003.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ac202225n'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Thermostable GDSL-Type Lipase from Geobacillus thermocatenulatus

( Eunhye Jo ),( Jihye Kim ),( Areum Lee ),( Keumok Moon ),( Jaeho Cha ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.3

Two putative genes, lip29 and est29, encoding lipolytic enzymes from the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus thermocatenulatus KCTC 3921 were cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant Lip29 and Est29 were purified 67.3-fold to homogeneity with specific activity of 2.27 U/mg and recovery of 5.8% and 14.4-fold with specific activity of 0.92 U/mg and recovery of 1.3%, respectively. The molecular mass of each purified enzyme was estimated to be 29 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The alignment analysis of amino acid sequences revealed that both enzymes belonged to GDSL lipase/esterase family including conserved blocks with SGNH catalytic residues which was mainly identified in plants before. While Est29 showed high specificity toward short-chain fatty acids (C4-C8), Lip29 showed strong lipolytic activity to long-chain fatty acids (C12-C16). The optimal activity of Lip29 toward p-nitrophenyl palmitate as a substrate was observed at 50oC and pH 9.5, respectively, and its activity was maintained more than 24 h at optimal temperatures, indicating that Lip29 was thermostable. Lip29 exhibited high tolerance against detergents and metal ions. The homology modeling and substrate docking revealed that the long-chain substrates showed the greatest binding affinity toward enzyme. Based on the biochemical and in silico analyses, we present for the first time a GDSL-type lipase in the thermophilic bacteria group.

Facile Synthesis of AuPd Nanochain Networks on Carbon Supports and Their Application as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Cha, Areum,Shim, Jun Ho,Jo, Ara,Lee, Sang Cheol,Lee, Youngmi,Lee, Chongmok WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2014 Electroanalysis Vol.26 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The present work reports the facile synthesis and characterization of carbon‐supported porous Pd shell coated Au nanochain networks (AuPdNNs/C). By using Co nanoframes as sacrificial templates, AuPdNNs/C series have been prepared by a two‐step galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) technique. In the first step, the Au metal precursor, HAuCl<SUB>4</SUB>, reacts spontaneously with the formed Co nanoframes through the GRR, resulting in Au nanochain networks (AuNNs). The second GRR is performed with various concentrations of Pd precursor (0.1, 1, and 10 mM PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>), resulting in AuPdNNs/C. The synthesized AuPdNNs/C series are investigated as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline solution. The physical properties of the AuPdNNs/C catalysts are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Rotating disk electrode (RDE) voltammetric studies show that the Au<SUB>0.8</SUB>Pd<SUB>0.2</SUB>NNs/C (prepared using 1 mM PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>) has the highest ORR activity among all the AuPdNNs/C series, which is comparable to commercial Pt catalyst (E‐TEK). The ORR activity of AuPdNNs/C is presumably due to the enhanced Pd surface area and high porosity of Pd nanoshells.</P>

Brca2 Deficiency Leads to T Cell Loss and Immune Dysfunction

정준현,이혜옥,Areum Jo,Pilgu Park,이현숙 한국분자세포생물학회 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.3

Germline mutations in the breast cancer type 2 susceptibility gene (BRCA2) are linked to familial breast cancer and the progressive bone marrow failure syndrome Fanconi anaemia. Established Brca2 mouse knockout models show embryonic lethality, but those with a truncating mutation at the C-terminus survive to birth and develop thymic lymphoma at an early age. To overcome early lethality and investigate the function of BRCA2, we used T cell-specific conditional Brca2 knockout mice, which were previously shown to develop thymic lymphoma at a low penetrance. In the current study we showed that the number of peripheral T cells, particularly naïve pools, drastically declined with age. This decline was primarily ascribed to improper peripheral maintenance. Furthermore, heterozygous mice with one wild-type Brca2 allele manifested reduced T cell numbers, suggesting that Brca2 haploinsufficiency might also result in T cell loss. Our study reveals molecular events occurring in Brca2-deficient T cells and suggests that both heterozygous and homozygous Brca2 mutation may lead to dysfunction in T cell populations.

A Study on the Effect of the Involvement and Affect Intensity on the Purchase Intention of the Music Goods

Jin-Wan Jo,Mi-Hae Shin,Areum Park,Young-Chul Kim 한국정보통신학회 2015 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Vol.7 No.1

This study is intend to examine how the consumers" purchase intention on the record, online music which are the representative goods of the music industry is influenced according to the involvement and intensity of sensitivity. Especially the change of the purchase intention following the plagiarism suspicion of the music goods to buy was measured intensively. As a result, plagiarism suspicion appeared to have the moderating effect to the purchase intention. The standard and tool to apprehend how the music goods purchase intention changes and to judge exactly whether they were plagiarized for the development of the music industry should be arranged through this study result.

도정방법이 건식제분 쌀가루의 호화특성 및 저장 안정성에 미치는 영향

조영제 ( Youngje Jo ),천아름 ( Areum Chun ),심은영 ( Eun-yeong Sim ),박혜영 ( Hye-young Park ),곽지은 ( Ji-eun Kwak ),김미정 ( Mi-jung Kim ),이춘기 ( Choon-ki Lee ),전용희 ( Yong Hee Jeon ) 한국산업식품공학회 2021 산업 식품공학 Vol.25 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate milling's effect on the pasting properties and storage stability of dry-milled rice flour. Rice flour's moisture content was increased from 9.48% to 9.80% after going through a rice polisher, and the crude fat content of rice flour was decreased from 0.91% to 0.62% after going through a rice polisher. In the color index of rice flour, the rice polisher was only affected by yellowness. The pasting properties were verified through RVA, and it was confirmed that the use of a rice polisher had no significant effect on the pasting properties. As a result of observing the changes in fatty acid value, it was ascertained that the storage period could be increased using the rice polisher. These results suggest that the rice polisher can increase the storage period without changing the pasting properties.

반죽 및 발효 조건이 글루텐 프리 쌀 빵의 품질에 미치는 영향

조영제(Youngje Jo),천아름(Areum Chun),심은영(Eun-Yeong Sim),박혜영(Hye-Young Park),곽지은(Ji-Eun Kwak),김미정(Mi-Jung Kim),이춘기(Choon-Ki Lee) 한국식품과학회 2020 한국식품과학회지 Vol.52 No.5

본 연구에서는 글루텐 프리 쌀 빵의 품질을 개선하기 위해서 반죽 시 첨가되는 물의 양과 물의 온도 그리고 발효 시간을 다양하게 하여 글루텐 프리 쌀 빵의 품질을 비교해 보았다. 품질 비교를 위해서 빵의 단면적과 기공 개수, 기공의 면적, 부피, 빵의 경도 등을 측정해 보았으며, 그 결과 반죽 시 첨가되는 물의 온도 95℃가 0, 25℃에 비하여 단면적이 넓고, 기공의 개수가 많게 나타났으며, 발효시간이 2시간일 때 단면적이 가장 넓게 나타났다. 그리고 반죽 시 첨가되는 물의 양은 쌀가루 100 g에 130 g 이상의 물을 사용하였을 때 단면적의 넓이가 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 결론적으로 95℃의 물을 50 g (쌀가루 50 g)을 사용하여 2시 간 발효를 하였을 때 단면적이 가장 넓어지고, 기공의 개수가 많아 졌으며 경도도 낮아져서 부드러운 빵을 만들 수 있었다. 비록 밀가루를 사용한 빵보다 단면적의 크기가 작았지만, 기존의 방법을 이용하여 만든 글루텐 프리 쌀 빵과 비교하였을 때 부피와 단면적이 증가하였으며, 추후 부피 팽창에 도움을 줄 수 있는 증점제와 같은 첨가물 사용을 동시에 진행하게 된다면 더욱 품질이 좋을 글루텐 프리 쌀 빵을 만들 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in research on gluten-free bread. Most studies have focused on substituting or imitating the gluten network. However, less attention has been paid to technological approaches to improve the quality of gluten-free rice bread (GFRB). This study analyzed the influence of the temperature of water used for kneading and fermentation time on the quality of GFRB. Water at various amounts and different temperatures was added for kneading, and fermentation was performed for 0, 2, and 4 h. GFRB produced by kneading using water at 95℃ showed the highest specific volume and the lowest hardness among test groups, regardless of other factors. In conclusion, mixing equal volumes of water at 95℃ and rice flour, followed by a 2 h fermentation process, produced the best-quality GFRB in terms of cross-sectional area, hardness, and appearance.

감정분석 모델을 활용한 가상환경 플레이어의 감정표현 기법

조찬영(Chanyoung Jo),김덕형(Deokhyung Kim),양아름(Areum Yang),정현준(Hyunjun Jung) 한국정보기술학회 2022 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2022 No.6

PARIS reprograms glucose metabolism by HIF-1α induction in dopaminergic neurodegeneration

Kang, Hojin,Jo, Areum,Kim, Hyein,Khang, Rin,Lee, Ji-Yeong,Kim, Hanna,Park, Chi-Hu,Choi, Jeong-Yun,Lee, Yunjong,Shin, Joo-Ho Academic Press 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Our previous study found that PARIS (ZNF746) transcriptionally suppressed transketolase (TKT), a key enzyme in pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in the substantia nigra (SN) of AAV-PARIS injected mice. In this study, we revealed that PARIS overexpression reprogrammed glucose metabolic pathway, leading to the increment of glycolytic proteins along with TKT reduction in the SN of AAV-PARIS injected mice. Knock-down of TKT in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells led to an increase of glycolytic enzymes and decrease of PPP-related enzymes whereas overexpression of TKT restored PARIS-mediated glucose metabolic shift, suggesting that glucose metabolic alteration by PARIS is TKT-dependent. Inhibition of PPP by either PARIS overexpression or TKT knock-down elevated the level of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>, and diminished NADPH and GSH levels, ultimately triggering the induction of HIF-1α, a master activator of glycolysis. In addition, TKT inhibition by stereotaxic injection of oxythiamine demonstrated slight decrement of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in SN but not cortical neurons in the cortex, suggesting that TKT might be a survival factor of DNs. In differentiated SH-SY5Y, cell toxicity by GFP-PARIS was partially restored by introduction of Flag-TKT and siRNA-HIF-1α. We also observed the increase of HIF-1α and glycolytic hexokinase 2 in the SN of Parkinson's disease patients. Taken together, these results suggest that PARIS accumulation might distort the balance of glucose metabolism, providing clues for understanding mechanism underlying selective DNs death by PARIS.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PARIS reprograms glucose metabolism via TKT suppression. </LI> <LI> Increased oxidative stress by TKT reduction induces HIF-1α. </LI> <LI> TKT overexpression and HIF-1α knock-down partially rescues PARIS toxicity. </LI> </UL> </P>

An analysis of Empirical Studies of The Korean Popular Music Plagiarism Standard

Jin-Wan Jo,Mi-Hae Shin,Areum Park,Young-Chul Kim 한국정보통신학회 2014 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Vol.6 No.1

The study has been performed through literature review and also precedents. According to the study result, music plagiarism standards are largely classified into ①creativity, ② access, and ③substantial similarity. Regarding the current criteria to judge creativity, it is needed to set the number of objects to be compared which have been regarded similar. And access has limitations in setting up objective criteria for it. Lastly, we should develop digitized criteria for substantial similarity based on the preliminary review system of the Committee on Performance Ethics in the past.