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Tariq Ali,Saima Mohyuddin,Ghafar Ali,Muhammad Ibrar,Faiza Summer,Sajid Iqbal,Yi Xie,Muhammad Maqbool 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.1
Self-organized and vertically oriented TiO2nanotubes (TNTs) were synthesized via anodization of Ti sheet in a glycerolbasedused electrolyte. Graphite (Gt) is doped in TNTs by physical vapor deposition (PVD) under Ar-atmosphere at 700 °Cusing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a precursor. The samples were characterized using FESEM, HRTEM, XRD, Raman,XPS, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. HRTEM, XRD, and Raman analysis confirm the suppression of phasetransformation from anatase to rutile due to Gt doping. The UV–vis absorption properties and photocatalytic activity of thepristine and Gt-doped TNTs have been investigated. The bandgap absorption edge of Gt-doped TNTs shifts towards a higherwavelength (~ 550 nm) compared to the pristine TNTs (~ 390 nm). Moreover, the Gt-doped TNTs show strong absorptionin the visible region. This makes it a good candidate for energy-storing applications. It has been found that Gt-doped TNTsdisplay two-fold enhanced photocatalytic activity for methyl orange (MO) degradation compared to pristine. The enhancedphoto-degradation of Gt-doped TNTs is ascribed to the higher absorptivity, better crystallinity, and lower bandgap of TNTsdue to Gt doping. The enhanced photo-degradation ability of Gt-doped TNTs can be used to clean industrial wastewater.
Technological Achievements and Economic Development
Tariq Mahmood Ali 과학기술정책연구원 2017 STI Policy Review Vol.8 No.1
Although technological progress is considered a key element for economic growth and development of a country, strong empirical evidence in this regard is not available yet. Therefore, to establish the empirical link between technology progress and economic development, it is advisable to carry out a time series analysis. In this regard, the Technology Achievement Index (TAI) of 100 top economies has been developed to examine the position of countries’ technological progress for the 21 years spanning 1995 to 2015. Countries have been ranked on their TAI which is based on four pillars; technology creation, diffusion of older innovations, diffusion of recent innovations, and development of human skills. As well, this current study re-calculates the Humane Development Index (HDI) of 100 top economies for the 21 years from 1995 to 2015. Ranking of countries’ HDI values reflects three dimensions: A long lifespan (life expectancy index), knowledge (Education Index) and a decent standard of living (Gross National Income Index, or GNI). The Standard Deviation (SD) technique has been used to investigate the technological gap between individual countries and groups of countries or regions. For a more meaningful assessment, technological gaps from the maximum achievement value (i.e., one of the countries under study) are presented as well. To investigate the impact of technological progress on economic development, this study introduces a model in which the HDI is used as the dependent variable and the TAI and Gross Capital Formation (GCF) are used as independent variables. The HDI, TAI and GCF are used in this model as proxy variables for economic development, technological progress and capital respectively. Econometric techniques have been used to show the impact of technological progress on economic development. The results show that long-term associations exist between technology progress and economic development; the impact of technology progress on economic development is 13.2% while the impact is 4.3% higher in eight selected East South Asian countries, at 13.5%, than in eight selected highly developed countries (9.2%).
Muhammad Ali Tariq,Minhail Khalid Malik,Qazi Shurjeel Uddin,Zahabia Altaf,Mariam Zafar 대한심장혈관흉부외과학회 2023 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.56 No.6
Background: The heightened morbidity and mortality associated with repeat cardiac surgery are well documented. Redo median sternotomy (MS) and minimally invasive valve surgery are options for patients with prior cardiac surgery who require mitral valve surgery (MVS). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the outcomes of redo MS and minimally invasive MVS (MIMVS) in this population. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus for studies comparing outcomes of redo MS and MIMVS for MVS. To calculate risk ratios (RRs) for binary outcomes and weighted mean differences (MDs) for continuous data, we employed a random-effects model. Results: We included 12 retrospective observational studies, comprising 4157 participants (675 for MIMVS; 3482 for redo MS). Reductions in mortality (RR, 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37–0.80), length of hospital stay (MD, −4.23; 95% CI, −5.77 to −2.68), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (MD, −2.02; 95% CI, −3.17 to −0.88), and new-onset acute kidney injury (AKI) risk (odds ratio, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.61) were statistically significant and favored MIMVS (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in aortic cross-clamp time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, or risk of perioperative stroke, new-onset atrial fibrillation, surgical site infection, or reoperation for bleeding (p>0.05). Conclusion: The current literature, which primarily consists of retrospective comparisons, underscores certain benefits of MIMVS over redo MS. These include decreased mortality, shorter hospital and ICU stays, and reduced AKI risk. Given the lack of high-quality evidence, prospective randomized control trials with adequate power are necessary to investigate long-term outcomes.
Tariq Javed,A. H. Hamid,B. Ahmed,N. Ali 한국물리학회 2017 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.71 No.12
An analysis of the peristaltic flow in an inclined channel for different wave forms is carried out in this paper. The developed mathematical model is represented by a set of partial differential equations. The finite element method is implemented to solve the governing equations for stream function and vorticity. The obtained results are valid beyond the long wavelength and low Reynolds number limits. Important features of peristaltic transport are discussed for the variation of magnetic field, Reynolds and wave numbers. The obtained results, when compared with the results available in literature are in good agreement.
Image focus volume regularization for shape from focus through 3D weighted least squares
Ali, Usman,Pruks, Vitalii,Mahmood, Muhammad Tariq Elsevier science 2019 Information sciences Vol.489 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In shape from focus (SFF) methods, the accuracy of the depth map highly depends on the quality of image focus volume. Generally, a linear filtering or averaging using a 2D mask is applied on each slice of the focus volume to filter out the noisy focus measures. This approach may not provide optimal results due to the inherent problems associated with linear filtering. In this paper, the image focus volume is regularized by applying 3D weighted least squares (3D-WLS) approach that enhances the volume to better reconstruct the 3D shape. The weights for the regularization have been computed from the image sequence, and here image sequence acts like a structural prior and guidance volume. Such kind of guided filtering of focus volume has not been carried out earlier. 3D-WLS optimization problem has been solved in an efficient separable manner, such that the solution has been approximated by solving a sequence of 1D linear sub-problems. Sequentially for each dimension, a tridiagonal matrix is used to solve the three-point inhomogeneous Laplacian matrix. Experiments conducted on real and synthetic image sequences demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.</P>
Improving defocus blur measures using robust regularization
Usman Ali,Muhammad Tariq Mahmood 한국통신학회 2022 ICT Express Vol.8 No.3
This paper presents a robust regularization scheme for the enhancement of initial blur map in single image blur detection. The proposed technique considers the structural differences between guidance and initial blur map. Specifically, we propose to improve the initial blur map by optimizing a nonconvex energy function that jointly leverages structural information from guidance and blur map. Nonconvex problem is solved by majorize-minimize algorithm and an improved blur map is obtained that is adequately smooth and has better edge-preserving properties. Ultimately, this results into high-quality blur segmentation.