Mutation of the invF Gene Encoding a Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI1) Activator Increases Expression of the SPI2 Gene, sseA

( Han Ahreum ),( Min Ho Joe ),( Dong Ho Kim ),( Sang Ho Baik ),( Sang Yong Lim ) 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 2012 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.40 No.1

In Salmonella enterica, many genes encoded within Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPI) 1 and 2 are required to cause a range of diseases in a variety of hosts. The SPI1-encoded regulator HilD activates both the SPI1 and 2 genes at different times during growth in Luria-Bertani (LB) media. In this study, the expression levels of hilD during growth in LB were investigated. The data suggest that hilD expression is induced in the early stationary phase and decreases in the late stationary phase, when sseA, an SPI2 gene, is maximally expressed. However, HilD could act as an activator of sseA expression in the late stationary phase despite being present at low levels. SseA expression was investigated in SPI1 regulator mutant strains, hilA, hilD and invF mutants. As expected, hilD mutation decreased sseA expression. However, we found that invF mutation caused a 1.5-fold increase in sseA expression in not only LB but also M9 minimal media, which is thought to resemble an intracellular environment. InvF overexpression restored sseA expression to wild-type levels in an invF mutant but did not cause an additional reduction in sseA expression. These results suggest that SPI1 controls SPI2 expression either positively or negatively.

Real-Time Spacer Etch-End Point Detection (SE-EPD) for Self-aligned Double Patterning (SADP) Process

Ahreum Han,Ho Jae Lee,Jun Yong Lee,Sang Jeen Hong 한국진공학회 2012 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2012 No.2

황석영 ≪낯익은 세상≫의 장소 표상과 문화지리학적 함의

한아름 ( Han Ahreum ) 전북대학교 인문학연구소 2017 건지인문학 Vol.0 No.19

Author Hwang Sokyong, in his work Familiar World(2011), critically examines the material desire of modern people by focusing on the landfill site `Ggotseom` as a familiar place encountered by Korean society as it enters into a capitalist one. Through the gaze of the narrator, the author points out the cold stratification of industrialization by paying attention to the dissolution of a sense of community and the hierarchy of place represented by Ggotseom. The structure of physical power affecting even the children and the stipulation of compartmented place cross-sectionally depicts the old base of life in this unrealistic space to powerfully demonstrate the negative aspect of materialism. Just like the landfill site, urbanites in town and the department stores try to exclude the residents living in the landfill site from the place of the urbanites. The reader is able to see the phenomena of capitalist life deeply embedded within Korean society in the scenery of place ceaselessly separated through the ownership of capital and the sense of smell. Ggotseom children lack a sense of place in the home and family and perceive Ggotseom as an abandoned place filled with garbage - the ugly image of things. The culture of consumption has damaged their base of life, and in order to critically deliberate the dissolution of the family and the inhuman image of life, the author draws out the world lived by illusions(ghosts) represented as the blue light. With regards to the importance of community values and the solidarity of mutual care of the traditional world as a cultural value, the author compartmentalizes through a dichotomous arrangement between reality and unreality, dump/department store and general store/shrine, and past and present. The author creates a dichotomous narrative out of the cultural geography by arranging the landfill as a non-place and a topophobic place, and on the other hand, the general store and the community solidarity of the unrealistic space of the old shrine and spirits as topophilic places. After everything burns down, the lives of the people living in Ggotseom are the same, but the author speaks again about hope amidst a situation of despair. Through the young narrator, the author emphasizes ecological motivations and he dreams of a cultural topography of primitive space as an alternative. The return to ecological values is distant from reality just as much as the lives of the old spirits and may seem like a meaningless alternative. However, it emphasizes the regenerative power of nature just like budding sprouts, and the author presents the necessity of restoring circulatory ecological values and adaption as what we must learn in a life of agricultural community. Waste created from the unlimited supply of resources necessary to humans ultimately makes people inhumane, homes devoid of a sense of place, and children unlike children. Recreating primitive space into an unattainable and unrealistic utopia as an ecological alternative ultimately contains a dichotomous meaning. It is a space people cannot encounter in the current world, but these place were sufficiently enjoyed and indifferently overlooked in the traditional society of the past. The space of the landfill is a representation of place created directly by ourselves, where social contradictions involving the weakening of human solidarity and the dissolution of family as a result of prevalent materialism are all gathered together simultaneous with the transition to a capitalist society. Hence, people will only be able to recover a sense of place containing reality and an affection for place from the most basic place of home where the circulatory world of nature must be recovered and harmonized.

최근의 원조배분관행은 사기업 활동을 고려하는가?

한아름(Ahreum Han),이계우(Kye Woo Lee) 국제개발협력학회 2015 국제개발협력연구 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구는 원조공여국이 수원국에 원조를 공여할 때에, 기업하기 좋은 환경을 가진 개발도상국에 우선순위를 두고 배분하고 있는가를 밝히고자 한다. 전통적인 원조 공여 관행은 최근 이십년 간 많은 실패작을 낳았고, 민간기업활동은 시장경제 국가들의 경제성장을 견인한다는 사실이 이미 밝혀졌다. 따라서 빈곤퇴치를 목적으로 하는 원조의 개선책으로 원조공여국은 수원국이 비즈니스정책과 규제를 개선하는데 원조자금을 잘 활용하도록 도움을 주어야 하며, 또견실한 사기업활동진흥정책을 펼치고 있는 개도국에게 더 많은 원조를 차등적이고 보상적으로 배분해야 한다는 것은 논리적으로 당연하다. 그러나 120개 개발도상국의 2007-2012년 기간 패널 데이터를 계량경제학적 도구를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 최근의 원조배분 관행은 과거와 크게 달라지지 않았음이 밝혀졌다. 공여국은 여전히 주로 수원국의 경제적, 물리적 필요 (1인당 소득, 영아 사망률, 인구 등)에 따라 원조를 배분하고 있다. 이는 공여국이 원조 배분 시에 수원국의 정부 효과성이나 정책의 건전성, 특히 사기업 환경과 활동정책에 많은 관심을 두고 있지 않음을 의미한다. 또 이러한 사실은 1990년대에 냉전이 끝나고부터는 공여국이 원조 배분 시에 점차적 으로 수원국 정부의 효과성이나 정책의 건전성에 더 중요성을 두고 차등적이고 보상적으로 개도국에 원조를 공여하고 있다는 점진적 원조선택성이론이 새천년개발목표를 달성하고자 하는 2000년대에는 지속되고 있지 않다는 것을 의미한다. 본 논문은 공여국이 원조를 배분할 때에 수원국의 비즈니스 정책 건전성을 중요한 결정요인으 로서 고려해야 한다고 강조한다. This study verifies whether current aid allocation practices give due priority to the business environment of nations receiving aid. Econometric estimations, using panel data of 120 developing countries from 2007 to 2012, indicate that donor countries continue allocating aid by responding mainly to aid-recipient countries’ economic and physical needs, represented by per-capita income level, infant mortality, and population. Donor countries do not pay much attention to the governmental effectiveness or soundness of recipient countries’ policies and institutions, particularly private business sector policies. This study results do not support the increasingly selective aid theory, which argues that since the end of the Cold War donors have paid more attention to the soundness of recipient countries’ policies and institutions in allocating aid. Traditional aid practices have registered many unsuccessful results over the past two decades, and earlier studies show that the private sector is the main driving force for development in market-oriented economies. This paper, therefore, suggests that when selecting developing countries for giving aid, donor states should carefully consider the soundness of recipients’ private business sector polices as a prime determinant.

길 찾기 능력에 따른 도보 네비게이션의 지도 요소 도출

한아름(Ahreum Han),손홍배(Hongbae Sohn),송지원(Ji-Won Song) 한국HCI학회 2010 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.1

길 찾기 능력에 따른 도보 내비게이션의 환경요소에 대한 연구

한아름(Han, Ahreum),손홍배(Son, Hongbae),연명흠(Yeoun, Myeongheum) 인제대학교 디자인연구소 2010 Journal of Integrated Design Research (JIDR) Vol.9 No.2

도시공간의 대형화와 복잡화에 따라 길을 찾는 행위는 사전지식이 있는 경우 간단한 일이지만 아무런 정보가 없는 경우 매우 어려운 일이 될 수 있다. 도시공간의 다양한 랜드마크와 이정표가 존재함에도 불구하고 사람들은 공간에 익숙해지기 까지 길을 헤매는 경우가 발생한다. 이에 본 연구는 사람들이 편리하게 길을 찾을 수 있도록 도보 내비게이션에 있어 필요한 지도의 요소를 도출하고자 한다. 문헌 조사를 통해 사람들의 길 찾기 능력에 따른 길 찾는 방법과 도시를 이루고 있는 환경요소를 파악하였다. 길 찾기 능력은 두 가지로 구분 된다는 것을 발견하고 이를 실제 도로상황에서 어떻게 적용되는지 확인하는 1차 조사와 길 찾기 능력에 따라 환경요소를 어떻게 제공할지 제안하기 위한 2차 조사를 진행하였다. 2번의 조사 결과 길 찾기 능력에 상관없이 방향회전에 대한 정보는 공통적으로 제공되어야 하며, 길 찾기 능력이 뛰어난 사람은 방향성을 제공받을 수 있는 건축적 이질화 요소를 포함한 건물 또는 높이가 높은 건물 중심으로 제공, 길 찾기 능력이 뛰어나지 못한 경우 교점의 가장자리에 위치한 상점을 중심으로 제공해줘야 한다는 것을 발견하였다. 길 찾기 능력에 따라 도시공간 및 환경 요소가 다르게 제공 된다면 사람들은 길 찾기를 좀 더 효율적으로 할 수 있을 것이라 예상된다. As urban space become more complicate and being larger, it is difficult to find the right way to one’s destination. Although there exists various landmarks and milestones, most people feel difficulty in being familiar with urban space. We have found that there are two inclinations of wayfinding ability. We took second research to suggest proper information depending on one’s wayfinding ability. As a result of the study, it is commonly needed to provide information of rotating direction, regardless of wayfinding ability. In case a person who has good wayfinding ability, we should provide information focused on perceivable direction architecture difference components. Another case a person who dose not have good wayfinding ability, we have to provide information focused on landmarks those are located on the edge of the building. Also we expect that it will be more efficient if those components would be provided accordingly as one’s way-finding ability.

맥켄지/윌리엄 운동이 과체중 요통환자의 요통과 과체중에 미치는 영향

AhReum Lee,Han Suk Jung,Bo Ram Eo 한서대학교 보완대체의학연구소 2016 Research Journal of Complementary and Alternative Vol.- No.7

Due to rapid changes in the modern civilized society, there is a growing interest in the reduction of physical labor and the improvement of health. For the last few of decades, the prevalence of obesity has been continually on the rise. Overseas studies on obesity-related risk factors suggested that obesity could lead to backache-related diseases. The backache is the most common musculo-skeletal disease among people of all ages, classes and vocations, and might result in excessive costs on a socio-economic front. In this fact-finding survey, this study examined the relation between pain intensity, muscle strength, and weight loss, when William exercise, McKenzie exercise, and aerobic exercise were applied as a regimen for Korean adults who suffered from abdominal obesity and backache. After selecting a total of 60 male and female adults as an experiment group, their individual BMIs were measured to classify the study participants into overweight, obese and severe obese groups, and their personal information such as gender, physical profiles and vocations were analyzed. An analysis was conducted based on the self-administered questionnaire answers including the occurrence cases and periods of backache, treatment types, treatment periods, exercise periods, and sedentary times on chairs and in front of computers. A 12-week intensive exercise program which required the participants to do the regular exercise regimen for one hour three times per week (a ‘Mon/Wed/Fri’ team or a ‘Tue/Thur/Sat’ team), and the participants’ physical changes were measured when the 12-week program is finished. In the trends of soaring job stress and musculoskeletal disorder, it can be said that they affect not only one of the problems but also the physical and mental health problems in care worker. The problem of service mentality can be a triggered, so it is important to find a solution for the health in care worker.

입체복합 건축물 내 공공환경의 배치와 형태 변화에 관한 연구

박아름(AhReum Park),한광야(Gwangya Han) 서울연구원 2010 서울도시연구 Vol.11 No.2

입체복합시설의 보행공공환경을 위한 부지설계체계

한광야(Han, GwangYa),박아름(Park, AhReum),이유미(Lee, YooMi) 한국도시설계학회 2011 도시설계 : 한국도시설계학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 현대 도시의 중심기능을 담당하는 대형 입체복합시설인 후쿠오카 캐널 시티, 오사카 남바 파크, 도쿄 록본기 힐즈의 저층부(지상층 및 지하층 연결부)에서 관찰되는 부지설계의 특성을 이해하고자 한다. 본 연구는 아래 세 가지의 부지설계 요소를 이용하여 부지설계의 방향과 과정이 효과적으로 체계화될 수 있음을 문헌고찰, 현장조사, 전문가 인터뷰로 고찰하였다: (1) 부지 내 보행동선 시스템은 부지 접근 및 통과 동선이며 부지분할의 방식으로 민간 및 공공기능의 배치를 결정하며; (2) 저층부 기단부는 물리적인 부지개발 문제점을 해결하고 수직이동시설의 거점구축으로 지하부와 지상ㆍ하부가 일체화된 입체적인 공간배치를 유도하며; (3) 부지내 공공공간은 위계구조와 건축특성으로 보행동선의 밀도와 공공환경의 질을 결정하여 방문자의 공간인지와 장소경험의 질적 향상을 유도한다. 이러한 세가지 설계요소를 이용한 민간주도의 입체복합시설 부지설계의 접근방식은 도시재개발 사업의 핵심인 저층부의 보행활성화와 공공환경의 질적 향상에 상당히 기여할 것이라 판단된다. This study examines the site design strategies for large mixed-use complexes in urban context. It conducted in-depth case analysis of Fukuoka Canal City, Osaka Namba Parks and Tokyo Roppongi Hills complemented by cartographic observations, expert interviews and site visits. The three elements derived from the study may critically influence the systematic approach and site planning process: (1) pedestrian circulation system that provides pedestrian linkages with the adjacent blocks with the definitive structure of sub-division of the site for allocating private and public programs; (2) multi-leveled platform or podium that determines programmatic arrangement of retail/shopping uses and public spaces anchored by vertical movement systems in vertical plane; (3) public spaces of entrance, plaza and bridge in private property whose locational orientation and architectural expressions, while mediating the density and conflict of pedestrian movements, guides the visitors’ experience of public realm and space cognition. Such site design strategies may enhance the overall quality of pedestrian environment on the ground level of a private-owned large mixed use complex.

이동통신 상품의 서비스 전환장벽 변화가 고객유지와 고객이탈에 미치는 영향

한상린(Han Sang-Lin),맹아름(Maeng Ahreum) 한국상품학회 2005 商品學硏究 Vol.23 No.1

Number portability that was effective from 2004 has reduced switching cost which has made telecommunication companies keep having their customers. This research deals with what leading variables consist of switching barrier from the perspectives of number portability and the other major antecedent factors of switching barrier, i.e. CLalt, service quality, switching cost, and variety seeking behavior. It also investigates the relationship between switching barrier and customer loyalty which includes customer retention and customer chum out in the telecommunication market. Managerial implications of the study were also discussed.