Sedative, analgesic, behavioral and clinical effects of intravenous nalbuphine-xylazine combination in camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Ahmed H. Khalil,Atef S. Abd Al-Galil,Ahmed A. Sabek,Mohamed M. Zeineldin,Seham Y. Abo-Kora 대한수의학회 2019 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.20 No.5

This study examined the sedative, analgesic, behavioral, and clinical effects of a combination of xylazine (XY) and nalbuphine-xylazine (NA-XY) in camels. A total of five adult camels were used in a prospective randomized cross-over design with a wash out period of two weeks. Camels were allocated randomly to two treatment groups: the XY group (xylazine, 1.1mL/100 kg IV) and the NA-XY group (xylazine, 1.1mL/100 kg IV and nalbuphine, 1 mg/kg IV). The sedative, analgesic, behavioral, and clinical effects of XY and NA-XY combination were evaluated prior to administration (baseline) and at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 120 minutes post-administration. The results showed that the NA-XY combination accelerates the onset of sedation and analgesia and prolongs the durations of both sedation (p < 0.001) and analgesia (p < 0.01). The behavioral parameters showed higher scores with a NA-XY combination than xylazine alone. Although a XY injection resulted in a significant decline in the heart and respiratory rate, the NA-XY combination group revealed a non-significant change in both clinical parameters compared to the baseline. In conclusion, the use of a NA-XY combination in camels improved the sedative and analgesic onset and duration with an improved outcome in the behavioral scores, as well as in both the heart and respiratory rates compared to XY alone.

Partial Confinement Utilization for Rectangular Concrete Columns Subjected to Biaxial Bending and Axial Compression

Ahmed M. Abd El-Fattah,Hayder A. Rasheed,Ahmed H. Al-Rahmani 한국콘크리트학회 2017 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.11 No.1

The prediction of the actual ultimate capacity of confined concrete columns requires partial confinement utilization under eccentric loading. This is attributed to the reduction in compression zone compared to columns under pure axial compression. Modern codes and standards are introducing the need to perform extreme event analysis under static loads. There has been a number of studies that focused on the analysis and testing of concentric columns. On the other hand, the augmentation of compressive strength due to partial confinement has not been treated before. The higher eccentricity causes smaller confined concrete region in compression yielding smaller increase in strength of concrete. Accordingly, the ultimate eccentric confined strength is gradually reduced from the fully confined value fcc (at zero eccentricity) to the unconfined value f 0 c (at infinite eccentricity) as a function of the ratio of compression area to total area of each eccentricity. This approach is used to implement an adaptive Mander model for analyzing eccentrically loaded columns. Generalization of the 3D moment of area approach is implemented based on proportional loading, fiber model and the secant stiffness approach, in an incremental-iterative numerical procedure to achieve the equilibrium path of P–e and M–u response up to failure. This numerical analysis is adapted to assess the confining effect in rectangular columns confined with conventional lateral steel. This analysis is validated against experimental data found in the literature showing good correlation to the partial confinement model while rendering the full confinement treatment unsafe.

Pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin after intratumoral injection using a thermosensitive hydrogel in tumor-bearing mice

Al-Abd, Ahmed M.,Hong, Ki-Yun,Song, Soo-Chang,Kuh, Hyo-Jeong Elsevier 2010 Journal of controlled release Vol.142 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A novel, thermosensitive hydrogel, poly(organophosphazene), is an injectable drug delivery system that transforms from sol to gel at body temperature. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a cytotoxic drug used for the treatment of several solid tumors. Due to its acute cardiac toxicity, DOX is a good candidate for local chemo-drug delivery system. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of DOX (30mg/kg) when given as an intratumoral injection using poly(organophosphazene) hydrogel in mice with human gastric tumor xenografts. DOX was formulated at 0.6% into a 10% hydrogel, and 40% and 90% of the dose was released in a sustained manner over 5weeks in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The hydrogel mass was well retained over 7weeks, and <I>T</I><SUB>1/2β, tumor</SUB> was 1.8-fold longer than that of the solution, but the 2.2-fold lower <I>C</I><SUB>max, tumor</SUB>, produced a similar AUC<SUB>tumor</SUB> and antitumor effect. However, solution caused a 2-fold higher systemic exposure (AUC<SUB>plasma</SUB>), which resulted in significant mortality due to acute cardiac toxicity. These data indicate that hydrogel formulation may have similar efficacy but lower systemic exposure than aqueous solution. In conclusion, poly(organophosphazene) showed adequate characteristics for local intratumoral delivery of DOX, including dose capacity, local retention, and minimal systemic spill-over. The safety and biocompatibility of poly(organophosphazene) should be further evaluated and its application should be extended to other anticancer agents.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P><P><ce:figure></ce:figure></P>

Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence and Genotyping among Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients in Baghdad

Al-Kubaisy, Waqar Abd Al Qahar,Obaid, Kadhim Jawad,Noor, Nor Aini Mohd,Ibrahim, Nik Shamsidah Binti Nik,Al-Azawi, Ahmed Albu-Kareem Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause for cancer death in the world, now being especially linked to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This case-control study consisting of 65 HCC patients and 82 patients with other malignant tumours as controls was conducted to determine the association of HCV markers with HCC. Serum of each participant was obtained for detection of HCV Ab and RNA by DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA). Twenty six per cent (26.0%) of HCC patients had positive anti-HCV which was significantly greater than the control group (p=0.001). HCC patients significantly have a risk of exposure to HCV infection almost 3 times than the control group (OR=2.87, 95% C.I=1.1-7). Anti-HCV seropositive rate was significantly (p=0.03) higher among old age HCC patients and increases with age. Males with HCC significantly showed to have more than 9 times risk of exposure to HCV infection (OR=9.375, 95 % CI=1.299-67.647) than females. HCV-RNA seropositive rate was (70.8%) significantly higher among HCC patients compared to (22.2%) the control group (p=0.019). The most prevalent genotype (as a single or mixed pattern of infection) was HCV-1b. This study detected a significantly higher HCV seropositive rate of antibodies and RNA in HCC patients.

Design of Absorption Refrigeration System Using Solar Energy Resource

Ahmed Al-Samari,Yasseen A. J. Almahdawi,Laith Abd hasnawi Al-Rubaye 대한설비공학회 2020 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.28 No.3

This study aims to design an absorption refrigeration system and estimate the heat energy demand. Moreover, this paper investigates the opportunity of using alteration of energy resources such as solar energy. The trough parabolic solar collectors TPC system is suggested and analyzed as a heat energy resource. Actual data of TPC are presented in this work to evaluate the size needed to guarantee enough heat sources that is running the refrigeration system. The outcome of this calculation proved that each 1 T.R needs about 11.1 kW of heat energy. The COP of the refrigeration system is found to be about 0.313. Moreover, the TPC generates about 100 W/m2. However, the optimum TPC may generate about 380 W/m2 in Iraqi climate. This value of heat generated represents the maximum energy at clear sky. The calculations are validated based on experimental and proven data.

Partial Confinement Utilization for Rectangular Concrete Columns Subjected to Biaxial Bending and Axial Compression

Abd El Fattah, Ahmed M.,Rasheed, Hayder A.,Al-Rahmani, Ahmed H. Korea Concrete Institute 2017 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.11 No.1

The prediction of the actual ultimate capacity of confined concrete columns requires partial confinement utilization under eccentric loading. This is attributed to the reduction in compression zone compared to columns under pure axial compression. Modern codes and standards are introducing the need to perform extreme event analysis under static loads. There has been a number of studies that focused on the analysis and testing of concentric columns. On the other hand, the augmentation of compressive strength due to partial confinement has not been treated before. The higher eccentricity causes smaller confined concrete region in compression yielding smaller increase in strength of concrete. Accordingly, the ultimate eccentric confined strength is gradually reduced from the fully confined value $f_{cc}$ (at zero eccentricity) to the unconfined value $f^{\prime}_c$ (at infinite eccentricity) as a function of the ratio of compression area to total area of each eccentricity. This approach is used to implement an adaptive Mander model for analyzing eccentrically loaded columns. Generalization of the 3D moment of area approach is implemented based on proportional loading, fiber model and the secant stiffness approach, in an incremental-iterative numerical procedure to achieve the equilibrium path of $P-{\varepsilon}$ and $M-{\varphi}$ response up to failure. This numerical analysis is adapted to assess the confining effect in rectangular columns confined with conventional lateral steel. This analysis is validated against experimental data found in the literature showing good correlation to the partial confinement model while rendering the full confinement treatment unsafe.

Surgical outcomes of 14 consecutive bilateral cleft lip patients treated with a modified version of the Millard and Manchester methods

Al-Zajrawee, Mustafa Zahi,Aljodah, Mohammed Abd-Alhussein,Hassan, Qays Ahmed Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.2

Background Bilateral cleft lip deformity is much more difficult to correct than unilateral cleft lip deformity. The complexity of the deformity and the sensitive relationships between the arrangement of the muscles and the characteristics of the external lip necessitate a comprehensive preoperative plan for management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repair of bilateral cleft lip using the Byrd modification of the traditional Millard and Manchester methods. A key component of this repair technique is focused on reconstruction of the central tubercle. Methods Fourteen patients with mean age of 5.7 months presented with bilateral cleft lip deformity and were operated on using a modification of the Millard and Manchester techniques. Patients with a very wide cleft lip and protruded or rotated premaxilla were excluded from this study. We analyzed 30 normal children for a comparison with our patients in terms of anthropometric measurements. Results By the end of the follow-up period (between 9 and 19 months), all our patients had obtained a full central segment with adequate white roll in the central segment and a deep gingivolabial sulcus, and we obtained nearly normal anthropometric measurements in comparison with age-matched normal children. Conclusions We recommend this modified technique for the treatment of bilateral cleft lip deformity.

Growth and development of Chrysomya saffranea (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in response to different food substrates

Abd Al Galil Fahd Mohammed,Al‐Keridis Lamya Ahmed,AL‐Mekhlafi Fahd A.,Al‐Shuraym Laila A.,Alhag Sadeq K.,Ali El Hadi Mohamed Rania,Wadaan Muhammad A. 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.10

Chrysomya saffranea is an insect that is important in criminal forensics as it plays a large role in decomposition on human cadavers. In this paper, the different developmental stages of C. saffranea flies were studied in the laboratory on different food, such as meat, liver, fat tissue and mixed food, to test whether these media affect the development of their larvae and have an impact on the calculation of the post-mortem interval. Our results indicated a significant growth enhancement among flies that fed on the mixed food (pure fat, meat and liver minced in equal proportions) compared with those that fed on minced (pure fat tissues, pure meat of and minced liver) of buffalo. The present results also confirmed the impact of food on the growth of C. saffranea, as well as the post-mortem interval PMI.

A Simple HPLC Method for Doxorubicin in Plasma and Tissues of Nude Mice

Ahmed M. Al-Abd,Nam Ho Kim,구효정,송수창,이승진 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.4

Doxorubicin is a cytotoxic anthracycline that has been used for the treatment of several malignancies. Several HPLC methods have been reported for the quantification of doxorubicin in biological samples. Tissue matrix effect and sample size requirements, however, have been remaining issues for simple and easy-to-adapt analytical methods in small animal experiments. The present study established a simple HPLC method for doxorubicin in plasma and tissues (tumor, heart, spleen, liver, gastrointestinal tract, brain, lung, and kidney) of nude mice. Our method required a small sample volume (100 μL plasma and 10 mg tissue), which made it possible to use each blank tissue for calibration curves. The limit of quantification was 25 ng/mL in plasma and 0.1 to 0.4 μg/mg in other tissues with recovery rates ranging from 52.4 to 95.2%. The linearity, accuracy and precision in all tissues, except astrointestinal tract (GIT), were found to be acceptable in the range of 25-2000 ng/mL plasma and 0.1-4 ng/mg tissue. This method was used successfully to determine the drug concentration in plasma and tissues of human tumor xenograft-bearing nude mice given intratumoral doxorubicin in a polymeric drug delivery system designed for sustained release. In conclusion, the present method may be useful as a simple and easy-to-adapt, yet, sensitive analytical method of doxorubicin for plasma and tissue pharmacokinetic studies in small animals such as nude mice.

Computational, kinetic, and electrochemical studies of polyaniline functionalized ZnO and ZnO-SiO2 nanoparticles as corrosion protection films on carbon steel in acidic sodium chloride solutions

May Ahmed Al-Masoud,Mai M. Khalaf,Ibrahim M. A. Mohamed,K. Shalabi,Hany M Abd El-lateef 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.112 No.-

Two novel nanocomposites based on polyaniline functionalized ZnO and ZnO-SiO2 nanoparticles(ZnO@PANi and ZnSiO@PANi) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as protective films for steelpipelines in the pickling process at 25–55 C. The prepared nanocomposites were described using differentspectroscopic characterization methods including UV–vis, FTIR, DLS, XPS methods, and other physicochemicaltechniques including XRD, FESEM, and HR-TEM. The novelty of these films is in the fact thatthe ZnO and ZnO-SiO2 nanoparticles are functionalized by polyaniline which is electrochemically stablein acidic solution and has high conductivity. Electrochemical systems such as open circuit potentials(OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) were utilizedto attain the kinetics and mechanistic findings of the corrosion protection route. The outcomes indicatethat the two fabricated ZnO@PANi and ZnSiO@PANi are efficient acidic corrosion inhibitors. Theprotection performance of ZnSiO@PANi (98.6%) was more pronounced at a dose (150 mg/L) thanZnO@PANi (92.3%) and individual PANi (83.4%) as achieved from PDP findings. The effect of temperatureand flowing conditions reinforces further the performance of both nanocomposites. Surface characterizationusing FESEM/EDS delivered more indication for the steel surface protection with the ZnO@PANi andZnSiO@PANi nanocomposites. Molecular modeling using DFT calculations and MC simulations supportedthe experimental findings. The binding energies of the compounds and Fe interface follow the order ofZnO@PANi > ZnSiO@PANi, which is in good agreement with the empirical results. An important suggestionof these results is the probability of substituting traditional toxic small molecules with cost-effectiveand non-toxic polymeric nanocomposites as protective films for use in the oil and gas industry.