Comparison of Rolling Contact Fatigue Life of Bearing Steel Rollers Lubricated with Traction Oil and Mineral Oil Corresponding to ISO VG32

A. NAKAJIMA,T. MAWATARI 한국트라이볼로지학회 2002 한국트라이볼로지학회 학술대회 Vol.2002 No.10

Using a low viscosity synthetic traction oil and a low viscosity mineral oil with nearly equal viscosity grade of ISO VG 32, the effect of kind of oil on the fatigue life of bearing steel rollers was examined. A pair of rollers finished the contact surfaces to a mirror-like condition were driven under rolling with sliding conditions of s = -3.2% and a maximum Hertzian stress in the range of PH=2.8㎬~4.0㎬ was applied in point contact condition. As a result of experiments, the fatigue life with a mineral oil was longer than that with a traction oil under higher stress conditions above PH=3.4㎬. Based on the numerical calculation results of the thermal EHL which simulates the present experiment, the authors discuss the reason why such a difference in the fatigue life comes out.

Measurements of the atmospheric neutrino flux by Super-Kamiokande: Energy spectra, geomagnetic effects, and solar modulation

Richard, E.,Okumura, K.,Abe, K.,Haga, Y.,Hayato, Y.,Ikeda, M.,Iyogi, K.,Kameda, J.,Kishimoto, Y.,Miura, M.,Moriyama, S.,Nakahata, M.,Nakajima, T.,Nakano, Y.,Nakayama, S.,Orii, A.,Sekiya, H.,Shiozawa, American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review D Vol.94 No.5

<P>A comprehensive study of the atmospheric neutrino flux in the energy region from sub-GeV up to several TeV using the Super-Kamiokande (SK) water Cherenkov detector is presented in this paper. The energy and azimuthal spectra, and variation over time, of the atmospheric nu(e) + (nu) over bar (e) and nu(mu) + (nu) over bar (mu) fluxes are measured. The energy spectra are obtained using an iterative unfolding method by combining various event topologies with differing energy responses. The azimuthal spectra depending on energy and zenith angle, and their modulation by geomagnetic effects, are also studied. A predicted east-west asymmetry is observed in both the nu(e) and nu(mu) samples at 8.0 sigma and 6.0 sigma significance, respectively, and an indication that the asymmetry dipole angle changes depending on the zenith angle was seen at the 2.2 sigma level. The measured energy and azimuthal spectra are consistent with the current flux models within the estimated systematic uncertainties. A study of the long-term correlation between the atmospheric neutrino flux and the solar magnetic activity cycle is performed, and a weak preference for a correlation was seen at the 1.1 sigma level, using SK-I-SK-IV data spanning a 20-year period. For several particularly strong solar activity periods, corresponding to Forbush decrease events, no theoretical prediction is available but a deviation below the typical neutrino event rate is seen at the 2.4 sigma level. The seasonal modulation of the neutrino flux is also examined, but the change in flux at the SK site is predicted to be negligible, and, as expected, no evidence for a seasonal correlation is seen.</P>

FREE PAPAR ( ROOM 1 ) : A - 3 ; Characteristics of the Polymor - Phonuclear Leukocytes - Mediated Cytotoxicity in Bronchial Asthma

( A . Yasukawa,J . Chihara,T . Yamamoto,D . Kurachi,M . Seguchi,T . Mouri,H . Uenishi,S . Nakajima ) 대한천식 및 알레르기학회 ( 구 대한알레르기학회 ) 1991 한일합동심포지움 Vol.11 No.1

Radio-frequency transmission spectroscopy in the ion-cyclotron frequency range in the minimum-B anchor of the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror

Yuusuke YAMAGUCHI,A. Fukuyama,H. Nakajima,H. Higaki,K. Nakagome,K. Nemoto,M. Katano,M. Ichimura,S. Kakimoto,T. Cho 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III

A wide-band radio-frequency (RF) probe system was newly constructed for the active diagnostic of the eigenmode formations in the ion-cyclotron range of frequencies in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror. A bar-type antenna was installed in the peripheral region in the minimum-B anchor cell. A low-power RF pulse with the frequency sweep from 8 to 20 MHz is applied to the antenna. The waves excited in the plasma are detected with a magnetic probe. The excitation of eigenmodes is described by using the antenna-plasma-probe transfer function. The transfer function can be obtained from the antenna current signal and the magnetic probe signal. When the real and the imaginary part of the transfer function are plotted in the complex plane, the resultant curves are approximately circles, indicating an eigenmode formation. It is found that the several fast wave eigenmodes can be excited in the present experimental condition.

Internal Changes of Blood Compartment and Heat Distribution in Swamp Buffaloes under Hot Conditions : Comparative Study of Thermo-Regulation in Buffaloes and Friesian Cows

Koga, A.,Kurata, K.,Ohata, K.,Nakajima, M.,Hirose, H.,Furukawa, R.,Kanai, Y.,Chikamune, T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.6

From previous studies, there is a strong possibility in buffaloes that the marked increase in blood volume (BV) under hot conditions contributes to heat transportation from the rectum to the skin. The present study was done to clarify changes with environmental temperature on water-shift between blood and extracellular fluid (ECF), heat distribution between the rectum and the skin, and blood flow rates (BFR) at the hind legs (reflecting the skin surface). Four buffaloes and four Friesian cows were successively exposed to three different temperatures of $20^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$. BV and ECF volume were measured with Evans' blue and sodium-thiocyanate dilution methods, respectively. Rectal and subcutaneous (as the skin) temperatures were measured by copper-constantan thermocouples. BFR were measured by a supersonic blood flow meter. With an increase in environmental temperature, skin temperature in buffaloes increased significantly than cows, but rectal temperature was not significantly different between two species. BV, especially plasma compartment, increased significantly in only buffaloes, while ECF volume did not change in both species. BFR increased significantly in buffaloes, but not in cows. From these results, the increased of BV may be caused by water flowing from ECF compartment. The water-shift may induce the increase of BFR and skin temperature. It is suggested in the present study that internal changes of blood compartment in buffaloes contribute to transfer of heat to the skin surface.

γ-LA-Supplementation to IVC for IVP Bovine Embryos

Gaja, A.,Meng, C.L.,Sato, M.,Nakajima, T.,Kubota, Chikara,Kojima, T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.1

The present study aimed to examine the effects of ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA) supplementation to in vitro culture (IVC) medium on in vitro developmental competence, freezability and morphology of in vitro matured and fertilized bovine embryos. In vitro produced (IVP) bovine zygotes were cultured in IVC medium supplemented with 0 (negative control), 15, 31, 62, 125, 250, 500 or 1,000 ppm GLA, 250 ppm linoleic acid albumin (LAA) and without any supplement as a control. Day 6 blastocysts derived from culture control were cultured in IVC medium containing either 62, 250 GLA or 250 LAA for 24 h, and at Day 7 were subjected to freezing or morphological examination by electron microscope. GLA 15 showed a tendency to have a higher cleavage rate at Day 2 (70.3%) than other groups. The hatching rate at Day 9 in LAA (38.2%) was significantly higher than the control and all treatment groups (p<0.05), while the blastocyst rate in LAA (32.4%) did not differ from those of 15 (30.5%), 31 (27.1%), and 62 GLA (33.1%) or the control (35.1%). GLA in concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1,000 ppm had significantly detrimental effect on the blastocyst rate compared to 15, 31 and 62 ppm GLA, LAA, and control groups (p<0.05). In contrast, the highest post-thaw survival rate (100%) was observed in the control group (p<0.01). Large lipid droplets were observed in the cytoplasm of trophoblastic cells, even in the control, but were abundant in GLA groups. Taking the results of the study into consideration, the addition of GLA to the culture medium for IVP bovine embryos at the dose of 15 ppm increased the developmental competence of zygotes and enhanced the cleavage rate up to Day 2. However, blastulation rate and post-thaw survival were not increased when GLA was added to the culture media.

Thermoregulatory Responses of Swamp Buffaloes and Friesian Cows to Diurnal Changes in Temperature

Koga, A.,Kurata, K.,Furukawa, R.,Nakajima, M.,Kanai, Y.,Chikamune, T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.8

Several reports have indicated that a rectal temperature of buffaloes is easily influenced by their surroundings. To clarify an effect of changing environmental temperature on thermoregulatory responses of buffaloes, an environment with diurnal temperature changes of $25^{\circ}C$ to $35^{\circ}C$ was created using an artificial climate laboratory. Three swamp buffaloes and three Friesian cows were exposed to three different experimental periods as follows: Period 1 (constant temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, Period 2 (diurnally changing temperature) and Period 3 (diurnally changing temperature and fasting). Heat production, rectal temperature, respiration rate, heart rate and respiration volume were measured during each period. Rectal temperature of the buffaloes fluctuated diurnally with the changing temperature (Periods 2 and 3), but remained constant in cows. Mean heat production was significantly lower in buffaloes than in cows in Period 2 and 3. However, the maximum rectal temperature and the increment of heat production were not always lower in buffaloes than in cows during Period 2. These results show that a rectal temperature and heat production in buffaloes are markedly influenced by the diurnal changes in temperature. Compared with Bos Taurus cows, the differences may be attributed to the physiological features of buffaloes including a high heat conductivity of their bodies and an lower heat production.

Implementation of a COTS Fault Diagnosis System by Using RIA Technologies

Hiroshi Nakajima,A-ram Kim,Jin-Song Roh,Sang-Yong Rhee 한국정보통신학회 2012 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Vol.5 No.1

Inhibitory Basal Ganglia Inputs Induce Excitatory Motor Signals in the Thalamus

Kim, J.,Kim, Y.,Nakajima, R.,Shin, A.,Jeong, M.,Park, A.H.,Jeong, Y.,Jo, S.,Yang, S.,Park, H.,Cho, S.H.,Cho, K.H.,Shim, I.,Chung, J.H.,Paik, S.B.,Augustine, G.J.,Kim, D. Cell Press 2017 Neuron Vol.95 No.5

<P>Basal ganglia (BG) circuits orchestrate complex motor behaviors predominantly via inhibitory synaptic outputs. Although these inhibitory BG outputs are known to reduce the excitability of postsynaptic target neurons, precisely how this change impairs motor performance remains poorly understood. Here, we show that optogenetic photostimulation of inhibitory BG inputs from the globus pallidus induces a surge of action potentials in the ventrolateral thalamic (VL) neurons and muscle contractions during the post-inhibitory period. Reduction of the neuronal population with this post-inhibitory rebound firing by knockout of T-type Ca2+ channels or photoinhibition abolishes multiple motor responses induced by the inhibitory BG input. In a low dopamine state, the number of VL neurons showing post-inhibitory firing increases, while reducing the number of active VL neurons via photoinhibition of BG input, effectively prevents Parkinson disease (PD)-like motor symptoms. Thus, BG inhibitory input generates excitatory motor signals in the thalamus and, in excess, promotes PD-like motor abnormalities.</P>

국제결혼 부부간 발생하는 피학대 경험과 인구사회학적 요인의 관계

나카시마 노조미 ( Nakashima Nozomi ),박인아 ( Park In A ),박지선 ( Park Ji Sun ),김정숙 ( Kim Jung Suk ),나카지마 카즈오 ( Nakajima Kazuo ) 한국보건사회연구원 2011 保健社會硏究 Vol.31 No.3

본 조사연구는 상대적 자원이론과 좌절 - 공격이론을 기초로 국제결혼 부부간에 발생 하는 피학대 경험과 부부간 차이 등과 관련한 인구사회학적 요인 간의 관계모형을 구축 하고 이를 확인하는데 목적이 있다. 조사대상은 2009년 충청남도 16개 지역에 거주하고 있는 국제결혼가정의 남편과 부인으로 하였다. 통계분석에는 남편과 부인에 대한 기 본적 속성, 가족형태, 결혼경로, 피학대 경험에 모두 응답한 589명(남편 415명, 부인 174명)의 데이터를 사용하였다. 연구모형의 데이터에 대한 적합도를 구조방정식 모형으로 검토한 결과, 연구모형의 적합도 지수는 남편 데이터에서는 CFI가 0.968, RMSEA 가 0.043, 부인 데이터에서는 CFI가 0.993, RMSEA가 0.046으로 통계학적 허용기준을 충족시켰다. 남편의 피학대 경험은 부인과의 경제차이, 언어차이, 국제결혼중개업자를 통한 결혼, 확대가족 변수가 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 부인의 피학대 경험은 남편과의 연령차이, 언어차이, 국제결혼중개업자를 통한 결혼이 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 요인들에서 피학대 경험으로 향하는 경로계수는 국제결혼중개업자를 통한 결혼을 제외하면 그다지 큰 수치는 아니었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 국제결혼 부부간 학대를 예방하기 위해서는 국제결혼중 개업자에 의한 단기간이면서 때로는 잘못된 정보로 성립된 결혼에 대한 감시가 강화되 어야 할 필요성이 시사되었다. This survey research purposed to build a relation model between abuse experiences occurring in multi-cultural family couples and social-demographic factors such as differences between husband and wife based on the relative resource theory and the frustration-aggression theory, and to test the validity of the model. The subjects of this study were multi-cultural family husbands and wives living in 16 areas of Chungcheongnam-do in 2009. Statistical analyses used data collected from 589 people (415 husbands, 174 wives) who replied all the questions on the basic characteristics of husband and wife, family type, marriage path, and abuse experience. When the goodness-of-fit of the research model for data was tested, CFI and RMSEA of the model were 0.968 and 0.043, respectively, for husband data, and 0.993 and 0.046, respectively, for wife data, satisfying statistically acceptable standards. Husbands` abuse experience was statistically significantly affected by economic difference from wife, language difference, marriage through an international matchmaking agency, and extended family. Wives` abuse experience was statistically significantly affected by age difference from husband, language difference, and marriage through an international matchmaking agency. The path coefficients between these factors and abuse experience were not so high except that for marriage through international matchmaking agency. These results suggest that, in order to prevent abuses in multi-cultural family couples, supervision should be strengthened over marriages arranged in a short time and based on wrong information by international matchmaking agencies.