Biotechnological application of plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria isolated from halophytic plants to ameliorate salinity tolerance of Vicia faba L.

Mahgoub Hany A. M.,Fouda Amr,Eid Ahmed M.,Ewais Emad El-Din,Hassan Saad El-Din 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.6

Salinity is a major problem affecting crop production all over the world. A wide range of adaptation strategies are required to overcome this problem. Endophytic bacteria can build a symbiotic association with their host to improve host plant salt tolerance. In this study, eighteen bacterial endophyte strains were isolated from two native halophytic plants Arthrocnemum macrostachyum and Spergularia marina, and identified as Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Agrobacterium, and Paenibacillus. These endophytic strains exhibit plant growth-promoting activities including phosphate solubilizing, ammonia production, bio- control of phytopathogen, extracellular enzymatic activities, and indole-3-acetic acid production under normal and salinity stress. A pot experiment was conducted under field conditions to alleviate the harmful effects of soil salinity on bean (Vicia faba L.) by inoculating their seeds with the most potent bacterial isolates Bacillus subtilis (AR5) and Bacillus thuringiensis (BR1). Salinity treatments induced a significant decrease in both growth parameters and metabolic activities, while the activ- ity of antioxidant enzymes and proline content was significantly increased. However, salinity stress induced higher contents of Na+ and decreased contents of N+, P3+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+:Na+, it was found that treatment with B. subtilis (AR5) and B. thuringiensis (BR1) individually or in a combination mitigated the effect of salt stress and improved the plant height, shoot dry weights, proline contents, enzymes activities as well enhanced the accumulation of mineral nutrients in shoot plants. Our results concluded that treatment with co-inoculation of B. subtilis (AR5) and B. thuringiensis (BR1) exerted the greatest effect in alleviating the harmful effect of soil salinity stress and can be used as a suitable bio-approach to reclaim salinity-stressed soils.

Management of the Most Common Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infancy: The Middle East Expert Consensus

Indrio, Flavia,Enninger, Axel,Aldekhail, Wajeeh,Al-Ghanem, Ghanem,Al-Hussaini, Abdulrahman,Al-Hussaini, Bakr,Al-Refaee, Fawaz,Al-Said, Khoula,Eid, Bassam,Faysal, Wafaa,Hijazeen, Ruwaida,Isa, Hasan M.A The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2021 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.24 No.4

The occurrence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) is a formidable challenge for infants, parents, and healthcare professionals. Although data from the Middle East are scarce, experts consider FGIDs a prevalent condition in everyday clinical practice. The new Rome IV criteria revisited the definitions from a clinical perspective to provide a practical and consistent diagnostic protocol for FGIDs. However, the treatment practices for functional disorders vary considerably among Middle Eastern countries, often resulting in mismanagement with unnecessary investigations and treatments. In addition, the role of various treatment modalities, including probiotics such as Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, in FGIDs requires further discussion and evaluation. During a consensus meeting, a locally relevant approach for treating common FGIDs such as infant regurgitation, infant colic, and functional constipation was discussed and approved by regional experts. The participants suggested a simplified treatment plan and protocol for general pediatricians and other primary care physicians managing FGIDs. This easy-to-follow standardized protocol will help streamline the initial management of this complex disorder in the Middle East region and even globally.

An Eco-Friendly Multifunctional Nano-Finishing of Cellulose/Wool Blends

Nabil A. Ibrahim,El-Amir M. Emam,Basma M. Eid,Tawfik M. Tawfik 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.4

A new approach for an eco-friendly multi-functionalization of cotton/wool (C/W) and viscose/wool (V/W) blended fabrics was investigated. In this study, Ag-nanoparticle (Ag-NP) and/or ZnO-nanoparticle (ZnO-NP) functional agents were incorporated into the finishing bath along with citric acid (CA) or succinic acid (SA) as ester-crosslinking or esterifying agent, and sodium hypophosphite catalyst using the padding technique. The obtained results indicated that the extent of multi-functionalization expressed as antibacterial activity, UV-blocking functionality and wrinkle recovery ability were determined by kind of nanomaterial, nature of carboxylic acid, i.e., bi- or tri-functional and type of substrate. The results also demonstrated that blended fabrics finished with Ag-NP/ZnO-NP/CA/SHP nano-finishing formulation exhibited outstanding durable multi-functional properties even after 10 washing cycles. In addition, the change in surface morphology and the existence of Ag and/or Zn onto the selected V/W fabric surfaces have been confirmed by SEM and EDX analysis respectively.

Partially confined circular members subjected to axial compression: Analysis of concrete confined by steel ties

Eid, R.,Dancygier, A.N. Techno-Press 2005 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.21 No.6

This paper presents a theoretical model for the behavior of partially confined axi-symmetric reinforced concrete members subjected to axial load. The analysis uses the theories of elasticity and plasticity to cover the full range of the concrete behavior. Analysis of the elastic range of the problem involves boundary conditions that are defined along a relatively simple geometry. However, extending the analysis into the plastic range involves difficulties that arise from the irregular geometry of the boundary between the plastic zone and the elastic zone, a boundary which is also changing as the axial load increases. The solution is derived by replacing the discrete steel ties with an equivalent tube of thickness $t_{eq}$ and by analyzing the concrete cylinder, which is uniformly confined by the equivalent tube. The equivalency criterion initiates from a theoretical analysis of the problem in its elastic range where further finite element analysis shows that this criterion is valid also for the plastic range of the cylinder material. According to the proposed model, the efficiency of the lateral reinforcement can be evaluated by the equivalent thickness $t_{eq}$. Comparison with published test results of confined reinforced concrete stress-strain curves shows good agreement between the test and the analytical results.

The role of type II FB (I):Tl+ defect in laser light generation and color image formation at the low coordination surface sites of AgBr: ab initio calculations

A.S. Shalabi,A.S. Algaber,N.K. Madi,Kh.M. Eid,Z.M. Fathy 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.1

The role of type IIFB (I):Tl+ color center at low coordination surface sites of AgBr thin lms in providing tunable laser activitystructure calculations. Clusters of variable sizes were embedded in simulated Coulomb elds that closely approximate the Madelungelds of the host surfaces, and ions that are the nearest neighbors to theFB defect site were allowed to relax to equilibrium in eachcase. The calculated Stokes shifted optical transition bands suggest that laser activity is relatively weak and fades quickly as thecoordination number of the surface ions decreases from 5 (at) to 4 (edge) to 3 (corner). An attempt has been made to explain thesesurfaces were deep below the lower edges of the conduction bands of the ground-state defect-free surfaces indicating that type IIFB(I):Tl+ is suitable laser defect. The probability of orientational destruction of the two centers, attributed to the assumed saddlepoint ion congurations along theh110i axis, was found to decrease as the coordination number of the surface ions decreases. Thepossibility of exciton (energy) transfer between sites of dierent coordination numbers was claried. The GlasnerTompkins empir-ical relation was generalized to include type IIFB (I):Tl+ doped surfaces. As far as photographic sensitization is concerned, a super-sensitizer increases the sensitizing capabilities of the two examined dye molecules by increasing the relative yield of quantumeciencyU.FA sensitizes the low coordination surface sites of the defect free AgBr by lowering the bottoms of the conductionbands. The dierence in the sensitizing capabilities between the two examined dyes was estimated by calculating the quasi Fermilevels.

Nanoparticles Modified With Cationic Thiol Surfactant as Efficient Inhibitors for the Corrosion of Carbon Steel

Azzam, Eid M.S.,Sami, Radwa M.,Alenezi, Khalaf M.,El Moll, Hani,Haque, A. The Korean Electrochemical Society 2021 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.12 No.3

In this work, we report synthesis, characterization and corrosion inhibition properties of cationic thiol surfactant-capped silver (SC-Ag-NPs) and gold (SC-Au-NPs) nanoparticles. SC-Ag-NPs and SC-Au-NPs were characterized using regular techniques include TEM. Corrosion study was carried out using carbon steel (CS) in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution and characterized using multiple electrochemical techniques. Our results suggest that the paint containing SC-Ag-NPs and SC-Au-NPs endow efficient corrosion protection to the CS. Especially, SC-Au-NPs based paint form a stronger barrier between the metal and the corrosive ions, leading to better inhibition properties.

Multipurpose Treatment of Cellulose-Containing Fabrics to Impart Durable Antibacterial and Repellent Properties

Nabil A. Ibrahim,Ahmed Amr,Basma M. Eid 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.3

Development of multifunctional cellulose-containing fabrics has been highly demanded both by the textile finisherand the textile consumer. Herein, proper finishing formulations comprise the following ingredients individually and incombination: a reactant crosslinker (Fixapret® ECO), hydrolysed 3-glycidyl-oxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), as a cocrosslinkerand fixing agent, a flurochemical water/oil repellent agent (Asahi Guard® AG-925), silver nanoparticlesdispersion (AgNPs), as antibacterial agent along with metal salt catalyst, especially AlCl3, were applied to various cellulosecontaining fabrics, using a pad-coating impregnation method, to add new multifunctional properties like anti-crease, water/oilrepellent, antibacterial functionality as well as thermal stability. The degree of improvement in the imparted functions isgoverned by type of substrate, extent of modification and/or crosslinking, amount/location/distribution as well as fixation ofthe added active ingredients. Also, the obtained results clearly demonstrated that the created multifunctional properties arenot seriously decreased even after 15 washing cycles. Various characterization techniques were used, and the possibleinteractions among the nominated components and the treated substrates were also suggested.

Role of Effective Strain During Cold Rolling Deformation on Mechanical Characteristics of AISI 304 Steel

E. A. Eid,M. M. Sadawy 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.11

The plastic cold rolling deformation is one method to enhance the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of austeniticsteel. The role of effective strain () during cold rolling deformation of the AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel has been studied. The results of the research were collected based on the means of optical, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, X-raydiffraction, microhardness, and tensile stress–strain tests. After 80% of ε, the size of coarse grains of the austenitic phase(FCC) was diminished as well as larger domains were generated from the martensitic phase BCC . Also, the large carbideparticles (M23C6) have been fragmented and they were sprinkled in both phases during the cold rolling process. Therefore,the dislocation density (ρ) has augmented for the deformed alloys. Consequently, the hardness and the ultimate strength(UTS) values are improved to ≈ 150% and ≈ 200%, respectively with increasing the effective strain to 80%. Generally, theincrease of the effective strain leads to diminished grain size and increased the values of hardness, yield stress (YS) and UTSof the samples, meanwhile it causes the decrease of their ductility. Moreover, the values of YS have been calculated basedon Hall–Petch, Orowan equations and dislocation strengthening formula. Finally, the calculated and the measured resultswere compared, where both of them are very matching especially at lower values of effective strain.

Green Approach for Multifunctionalization of Cellulose-Containing Fabrics

Nabil A. Ibrahim,Amal A. Aly,Basma M. Eid,Hesham M. Fahmy 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.11

Development of multifunctional textile and clothing products with improved environmental profiles has been demanded both by textile industry and by consumer. Herein, dialdehyde sodium alginate (DASA) and dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DACMC) have been prepared, characterized and utilized, as an eco-friendly binding/ macromolecular crosslinking/hand building agents, in functional finishing of cellulose-containing fabrics. Fabric samples were treated with the nominated dialdehyde polysaccharide (DAPS, 10 g/l) along with the reactant resin (DMDHEU, 50 g/l), Ag- or TiO2-NPs as active ingredients (20 g/l) and ammonium persulfate catalyst (5 g/l) using the padding method. After functional finishing, the finished fabrics demonstrated a remarkable improvement in their antibacterial efficacy, UV-blocking ability, self-cleaning capacity, and surface roughness functionality without adversely affecting fabrics resiliency. The variation in these functional properties is affected by kind of DAPS, type of added nanoparticles as well as the treated substrate. Additionally, FTIR, SEM, EDS, and durability to wash measurements for selected samples were performed. Moreover, pre-oxidation of DAPS, functionalization reactions/interactions among the nominated reactants and the textile materials were also suggested.

중탄산소듐 용액에서 납의 부식방지제인 자연산물질들

Abdallah, M.,El-Etre, A. Y.,Abdallah, E.,Eid, Salah 대한화학회 2009 대한화학회지 Vol.53 No.5

0.1 M 중탄산소듐 용액에서 납전극부식에 대한 로소니아, 감초뿌리 및 카로브 추출물수용액의 부식방지작용에 대한것을 정전류극성방법을 사용해 연구하였다. 이들 물질들의 부식방지작용을 지적해주는 것으로 이들 물질들이 존재할 때 부식속도가 감소하는 것이 발견되었다. 부식방지효율은 추출물농도가 증가하면 증가한다. 이들 추출물의 부식방지작용은 납표면에 이들 추출물이 흡착되어 물질 및 하전이동의 장벽을 만들어 나타내는 것으로 설명되었다. 이들 추출물의 납표면에 흡착은 자발적으로 일어나며, Freundlich 등온흡착을 따르는 것으로 발견되었다. 또한, 변전위양극분극법을 사용해 이들 추출물은 염소를 포함한 용액에서 납의 움푹패이게 하는 부식으로부터 잘 보호해주는 것이 발견되었다. The inhibitive action of the aqueous extract of lawsonia, licorice root and carob toward the corrosion of tin electrode in 0.1 M $NaHCO_3$ solutions was investigated using galvanostatic polarization measurements. It was found that the corrosion rate decreases in the presence of these extracts indicating the inhibiting of these compounds. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing extract concentration. The inhibition action of these extracts was explained in view of adsorption of its compounds onto the tin surface, making a barrier to mass and charge transfer. The adsorption of these extracts on the tin surface was found to be a spontaneous process and follow Freundlich adsorption isotherm. It is also found that these extracts provide a good protection to tin against pitting corrosion in chloride containing solution using potentiodynamic anodic polarization technique.