명칭 결정 알고리즘과 한국어의 격 표지

홍용철 한국언어학회 2017 언어 Vol.42 No.4

Hong, Yong-Tcheol. 2017. Labeling and Case Markers in Korean. Korean Journal of Linguistics. 42-4, 989-1006. 홍용철(1994) has proposed a generalization regarding the distribution of Case markers in Korean, according to which a Case marker is obligatory on arguments in a specifier position while it is optional on arguments in a complement position. This paper claims that this generalization should be attributed to the special manner of labeling in Korean; in this language, labeling by feature sharing is done not with ϕ-feature, but with Case feature. Given this manner of labeling, a specifier argument with Case feature enables the phrase resulting from its merge with its Case checker phrase to be labeled by Case feature sharing, while a specifier argument without Case feature does not. This is why a Case marker, which is a reflection of Case checking, is obligatory on arguments in a specifier position. As for complement arguments, there are two ways of labeling. When a complement argument is merged with its Case checker V, the resulting phrase can be labeled by Case feature sharing or by search of the closest head. The complement argument must have a Case feature for Case feature sharing, but it does not need a Case feature for search of the closest head. This is why a Case marker is optional on arguments in a complement position. (Sungshin University)

제시어에 대한 내포성분 이동(SubMove) 분석의 문제

홍용철 한국생성문법학회 2011 생성문법연구 Vol.21 No.4

There are two incompatible analyses concerning the original position of sentence-initial non-Case-marked NPs (henceforth, NCNP), which are referred to as ‘ceysie’ by the traditional Korean gran1mar: base-generation analysis (김영희 1989, Ahn 1999, 홍용철 2004) and SubMove analysis (Ahn & Cho 2006). The former claims that NCNPs are base-generated in the sentence-initial position, while according to the latter, they are derived by SubMove, a special case of movement. SubMove analysis is essentially based on two assumptions: (ⅰ) an NCNP originates in a doubling structure whose head position is functional and occupied by an (overt/covert) pronoun resuming the NCNP; (ⅱ) it lacks a theta role within the doubling structure, and then, always moves to the sentence-initial position to get a theta role. This paper provides three types of problematic examples related to these assumptions: examples where the stranded element resuming the NCNP is a lexical phrase, examples where the stranded element is overt and the NCNP remains in situ, and examples where the NCNP does not have any original position in the following clause. The first type is counter-examples to the doubling structure that Ahn & Cho posits for NCNPs, the second type to the obligatory movement of NCNPs, and the third type not only to the doubling structure but also to the obligatory movement. The third type also provides an argument in favor of base-generation analysis.

융합이론과 격조사 분포

홍용철 한국생성문법학회 1994 생성문법연구 Vol.4 No.1

명사 후 분류사 구문의 구조

홍용철 한국생성문법학회 2019 생성문법연구 Vol.29 No.3

This paper investigates the structure of the postnominal numeral classifier construction, where a numeral classifier occurs after its associated Caseless nominal. I give some pieces of evidence that the classifier is not a functional head, but a noun, which has its own functional heads. So there are two head nouns, i.e., the classifier and its associated noun, in the postnominal numeral classifier construction. Regarding the structure of this construction, I assume, following Park S.-Y. (2009), that the classifier phrase and the associated noun phrase merge to make a small clause. But, unlike Park S.-Y., I propose that the former is merged as a subject and the latter as a predicate, and then, the latter (a predicate) moves over the former (a subject), which gives the correct order of the associated noun followed by the numeral classifier. In brief, the structure that I propose for the construction is an inverted predication structure.

영논항의 비엄밀해석: 유연 영주제어 분석의 증거이자 pro 분석의 반대증거

홍용철 한국생성문법학회 2022 생성문법연구 Vol.32 No.3

We present, in this paper, a set of data showing that in the environment where non-strict, i.e. sloppy or indefinite, interpretations of null arguments are observed, overt pronouns do not yield the same interpretations. The data argue against pro Analysis since the analysis assumes that null arguments are silent forms of overt pronouns. On the other hand, we show that when a generic topic appears in the same data, its null argument variable can have a sloppy or indefinite interpretation while its overt pronoun variable does not have it. We then claim that, given that null topics are allowed in languages like Korean, the non-strict interpretations of null arguments can be accounted for by Flexible Null Topic Analysis, which assumes that null arguments are variables of null topics.

유동 분류사 구문에서의 주어-목적어 비대칭성

홍용철 한국생성문법학회 2019 생성문법연구 Vol.29 No.4

This paper examines the distribution of floating numeral classifiers in Korean, including their well-known subject-object asymmetry. We argue that their distribution can be accounted for by combining Bošković’s (2004) generalization that adjunct quantifiers cannot float in θ-positions and Hong’s (1994) generalization that Case-markers are optional to arguments in the complement position but obligatory to arguments in other positions. Even though numeral classifiers are free to be an argument or an adjunct, the complement position is the only position where Caseless numeral classifiers can occur as an argument because it is the only position where Case-markers are optional (Hong’s generalization). In Spec,vP position, only Case-marked numeral classifiers can occur; Caseless ones cannot occur either as an argument or as an adjunct because arguments in this position must have a Case-marker (Hong’s generalization), and because adjuncts cannot occur in θ-positions (Bošković’s generalization). In the other positions, which are non θ-positions, Caseless numeral classifiers can occur only as an adjunct (Bošković’s generalization) and Case-marked ones only as an a (moved) argument (Hong’s generalization). It is also shown that the distinction between argument floating numeral classifiers and adjunct floating numeral classifiers is supported by their different prosodic properties.

경추 추간판 탈출증에 대한 웹사이트의 종류 및 정보의 질 평가

홍용철,김우종,소재완,장희준,홍창화 대한척추외과학회 2020 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Study Design: In this original study, a cross-sectional analysis was performed to evaluate websites with information on cervical disc herniation. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the source and quality of information regarding cervical disc herniation available to patients on websites. Summary of Literature Review: Studies have shown that 92% of the Korean population regularly accesses and searches for medical information on websites. While a large amount of information exists on websites, there is a possibility that patients will be misled due to inaccurate information because there are no established criteria for qualitative evaluation. In addition, little research has been conducted on websites that provide information about cervical disc herniation. Materials and Methods: The search term ‘‘cervical disc herniation’’ was entered into the three most popular search engines in Korea (Naver, Daum, and Google). The first 50 websites displayed by each engine were selected for inclusion in this study and were categorized as academic, commercial, physician, non-physician, government organization, and unspecified. Information was assessed in terms of DISCERN, accuracy, and exhaustivity scores, and a total summary score was calculated for each website. Results: Among the theoretical total of 150 websites, 83 unique and relevant websites were identified. The distribution by source was as follows: non-physician, 34.9%; physician, 27.7%; commercial, 13.3%; unspecified, 10.8%; academic, 9.6%; and government, 3.6%. Academic and government websites obtained the highest total summary scores, with statistical significance when compared to other types (p=0.03). Conclusions: Website information on cervical disc herniation is generally limited. Institutional improvement efforts are needed to foster an environment where patients can receive high-quality medical information, and physician groups should play a central role in this process. 연구 계획: 경추 추간판 탈출증과 관련된 웹사이트에 대한 단면 조사 연구목적: 경추 추간판 탈출증에 대한 웹사이트의 종류 및 정보의 질과 정확도를 체계적으로 평가하고 그 상관관계를 조사하고자 하였다. 선행 연구문헌의 요약: 2019년 과학기술정보통신부의 보고에 의하면 대한민국 성인의 약 92%가 인터넷을 이용하고 있을 정도로 인터넷 이용자 수와 정보의 양은 방대하게 증가하였으나, 정보의 질에 대한 객관적인 평가가 이루어지고 있지 않으며 관련된 선행 연구도 부족한 실정이다. 대상 및 방법: 점유율 상위 검색엔진 3개(네이버, 구글, 다음)에 “경추 추간판 탈출증”을 검색어로 입력하여 얻은 검색 엔진별 상위 50개, 총 150개의 웹사이트를 연구 대상으로 선정하였으며 6개 범주(학술, 의료인, 비 의료인, 상업, 정부기관, 기타)로 분류하였다. 정보의 평가를 위해 개별 웹사이트에 대하여 DISCERN 점수(DISCERN score), 정확도 점수(accuracy score), 완전성 점수(exhaustivity score) 그리고 세 점수를 합산하여 총 점수(total summary score)를 구한 후, 웹사이트 유형별 점수의 차이를 분석하였다. 결과: 총 150개의 웹사이트에서 중복을 제외한 83개의 고유한 웹사이트가 식별되었으며, 유형별로는 비 의료인 사이트가 34.9%로 가장 많았고 의료인(27.7%), 상업(13.3%), 기타(10.8%), 학술(9.6%) 및 정부기관(3.6%) 사이트 순으로 나타났다. 총 점수는 학술 사이트와 정부기관 사이트가 각각 16.1점, 15.3점으로 가장 높았으며, 다른 유형의 사이트와 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다(p-value 0.03). 결론: 경추 추간판 탈출증에 대한 웹사이트의 정보는 평균적으로 제한적인 수준에 머물러 있으며, 환자들이 수준 높은 의료 정보 제공을 받을 수 있는 환경을 위한 제도적 개선 노력이 필요하며 의사 단체가 중추적인 역할을 수행해야 한다.

한국어의 명사 확장범주

홍용철 한국언어학회 2006 언어 Vol.31 No.4

한국어에서의 예외격(ECM) 구문과 자동 주격 분석

홍용철 한국생성문법학회 2014 생성문법연구 Vol.24 No.3

Hong, Yong-Tcheol. ECM Constructions and Default Nominative Case in Korean. This paper deals with case phenomena shown by Korean ECM constructions. In particular, we try to answer the following questions: Why is nominative-accusative alternation allowed on the subject of an embedded clause? Why is it not allowed when the predicate of an embedded clause is a stage-level predicate? Why is it not allowed on the second subject of multiple subject constructions? Our answers are essentially based on the claim that the nominative case in Korean is a default case. So, through our analysis we offer not only an explanation of case phenomena in Korean ECM constructions but also an argument in favor of default nominative case analysis.

한국어 명사 외곽 수식어들의 어순과 명사구 구조

홍용철 한국생성문법학회 2010 생성문법연구 Vol.20 No.1

This paper describes the distibution of peripheral nominal modifiers in Korean and explores the noun phrase structure accounting for this distibution. There are four nominal modifiers which can be separated by adjacent nominal modifiers from the noun that they modify. We call these modifiers 'peripheral' and these are demonstratives "i/ku/ce", quantifiers like "motun" (all), relative clauses and noun phrases combiend with genitive Case marker "uy". They form two different classes in terms of distributional property. One class is composed of demonstratives and quantifiers, which can occur only one time within a noun phrase, and the order of which is fixed in the order of 'demonstrative > quantifier'. The other is composed of relatives and noun phrases with "uy", which can occur more than one time within a noun phrase, and the order of which is free in the way that they can occur before a demonstrative, between a demonstrative and a quantifier, or after a quantifier. Based on their distributional properties, we claim that demonstratives and quantifiers are specifiers, specifier of DP for the former and specifier of NumP for the latter, whereas relatives and noun phrases with "uy" are modifiers and they are base-generated adjoined to DP, NumP or NP. As for the noun phrase structure, assuming the structure proposed by Hong (2006) where NP, NumP, PEP (Postpositional Element Phrase) and KP form extended nominal projections, we add to it one more extended nominal projection DP between NumP and PEP. One remarkable property of this supplemented structure is that DP constitutes a projection separated from KP and generated below it.