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홍순혁,이동우,허건,조석수,주원식 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.1
Ultrasonic inspection of defects has been focused on the existence of defect in structural material and need has much time and expenses in inspecting all the coordinates (x, y) on material surface. Neural networks is information processing system modeling human brain and can have an application to coordinates (x, y) of defects by multi-point inspection method. Ultrasonic inspection modeling is optimized by neural networks which makes defect echo, back-wall echo and ultrasonic transducer units of input layer and absolute and relative coordinates of defects and defect pattern units of output layer. This method can predict coordinates (x, y) of defects within engineering estimated mean error Ψ.
피로하중을 받은 저압 터빈 블레이드의 파손해석에 관한 연구
홍순혁,이동우,조석수,주원식 대한용접접합학회 2001 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.19 No.3
Turbine blade is subject to force of three types ; the torsional force by torsional mount, the centrifugal force by the rotation of rotor and the cyclic bending force by steam pressure. The cyclic bending force was a main factor on fatigue strength. SEM fractography in root of turbine blade showed micro-clack width was not dependent on stress intensity factor range. Especially, fatigue did not exist on SEM photograph in root of turbine blade. To clear out the fracture mechanism of turbine blade, nanofractography was needed on 3-dimensional crack initiation and crack growth with high magnification. Fatigue striation partially existed on AFM photograph in root of turbine blade. Therefore, to find a fracture mechanism of the torsion-mounted blade in nuclear power plant, the relation between stress intensity factor range and surface roughness measured by AFM was estimated, and then the load amplitude ΔP applied to turbine blade was predicted exactly by root mean square roughness.
탄소성 변형을 받는 냉간 압연강의 X선 잔류응력 특성에 관한 연구
홍순혁,이동우,양광호,조석수,주원식 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.1
In textured material, diffraction angle 2θ usually shows a nonlinear relation against sin^2Ψ due to elastic anisotropy of crystals. SPHD and SPCD steel is cold-rolled carbon steel for automobile. The characteristics X-ray for stress measurement is Cr K_α and Mo K_α1characteristic X-ray. The sin^2Ψ-2θ diagram under elastic strain seems to have a linear behavior using regression line of data but has a nonlinear behavior in distribution of data by Cr K_αcharacteristic X-ray. As the plastic strain of specimen increases, the nonlinearity of 2θ with respect to sin^2Ψ increases remarkably. On the other hand, the diffraction angle 2 θ by Mo K_α1 characteristic X-ray shows a good linearity on sin^2Ψ-2θ diagram under plastic strain as well as elastic strain. Therefore, This paper presents the measurement of residual stress in cold-rolled carbon steel for automobile using penetration depth of Mo K_α1 charateristic X-ray and multiplicity factor of crystal diffraction plane.
AFM과 FEH을 이용한 저압 터빈 블레이드의 파손해석에 관한 연구
홍순혁,조석수,주원식,Hong, Soon-Hyeok,Cho, Seok-Swoo,Joo, Won-Sik 대한기계학회 2001 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.25 No.11
Mechanical component has striation with constant width and SEM can estimate fracture type and loading condition. SEM has benefit to fatigue fracture analysis but striation can be observed according to the kind of material and range of crack growth rate and can't. In this case, it needs AFM that can measure 3-dimensional surface profile with resolution of atomic size. In this study. to find fracture reason of torsion-mounted blade in nuclear plant, we estimate the relation between stress intensity factor range and root mean square roughness in 12% Cr steel by AFM and predict in-service loading condition of turbine blade. failure analysis is performed by finite element method and Goodman diagram on torsion-mounted blade.
재산화 질화산화 게이트 유전막을 갖는 전하트랩형 비휘발성 기억소자의 트랩특성
홍순혁,서광열 한국결정성장학회 2002 한국결정성장학회지 Vol.12 No.6
Novel charge trap type memory devices with reoxidized oxynitride gate dielectrics made by NO annealing and reoxidation process of initial oxide on substrate have been fabricated using 0.35 $\mu \textrm{m}$ retrograde twin well CMOS process. The feasibility for application as NVSM memory device and characteristics of traps have been investigated. For the fabrication of gate dielectric, initial oxide layer was grown by wet oxidation at $800^{\circ}C$ and it was reoxidized by wet oxidation at $800^{\circ}C$ after NO annealing to form the nitride layer for charge trap region for 30 minutes at $850^{\circ}C$. The programming conditions are possible in 11 V, 500 $\mu \textrm{s}$ for program and -13 V, 1ms for erase operation. The maximum memory window is 2.28 V. The retention is over 20 years in program state and about 28 hours in erase state, and the endurance is over $3 \times 10^3$P/E cycles. The lateral distributions of interface trap density and memory trap density have been determined by the single junction charge pumping technique. The maximum interface trap density and memory trap density are $4.5 \times 10^{10} \textrm{cm}^2$ and $3.7\times 10^{18}/\textrm{cm}^3$ respectively. After $10^3$ P/E cycles, interlace trap density increases to $2.3\times 10^{12} \textrm{cm}^2$ but memory charges decreases. 실리콘 기판 위의 초기 산화막을 NO 열처리 및 재산화 공정방법으로 성장한 재산화된 질화산화막을 게이트 유전막으로 사용한 새로운 전하트랠형 기억소자로의 응용가능성과 계면트랩특성을 조사하였다. 0.35$\mu$m CMOS 공정기술을 사용하여 게이트 유전막은 초기산화막을 $800^{\circ}C$에서 습식 산화하였다 전하트랩영역인 질화막 층을 형성하기 위해 $800^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 NO 열처리를 한 후 터널 산화막을 만들기 위해 $850^{\circ}C$에서 습식 산화방법으로 재산화하였다. 프로그램은 11 V, 500$\mu$s으로 소거는 -l3 V, 1 ms의 조건에서 프로그래밍이 가능하였으며, 최대 기억창은 2.28 V이었다. 또한 11 V, 1 ms와 -l3 V, 1 ms로 프로그램과 소거시 각각 20년 이상과 28시간의 기억유지특성을 보였으며 $3 \times 10^3$회 정도의 전기적 내구성을 나타내었다. 단일접합 전하펌핑 방법으로 소자의 계면트랩 밀도와 기억트랩 밀도의 공간적 분포를 구하였다. 초기상태에서 채널 중심 부근의 계면트랩 및 기억트랩 밀도는 각각 $4.5 \times 10^{10}/{cm}^2$ 와 $3.7\times 10^{1R}/{cm}^3$ 이었다. $1 \times 10^3$프로그램/소거 반복 후, 계면트랩은 $2.3\times 10^{12}/{cm}^2$으로 증가하였으며, 기억트랩에 기억된 전하량은 감소하였다.
홍순혁,전재욱 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 論文集 Vol.51 No.1
Robot simulators have been used for the design, analysis, and control of robot systems. Robot simulator have many features such as system modeling, 3D graphic display of model, graphical robot teaching, and off-line programming. In this paper, a robot simulator is proposed which has basic features of robot simulators and some other features to support remote operation. The proposed robot simulator can be used to operate robots in real workplace by using off-line or online simulation and to make human operators learn the operations of robots. In particular, the proposed robot simulator supports a network client/server model for remote operations of robots. By using this feature, human operators can connect his computer system to the server system and control a real robot. The server system has a vision camera to transmit the image of working robots as feedback data to human operators.