현대사회에서의 위험과 관광 - 다크 투어리즘의 경우 -

한숙영,조광익 한국관광학회 2010 관광학연구 Vol.34 No.9

Tourists’ interest in death, disaster and atrocity places, so called dark tourism, is a growing phenomenon in contemporary risk society. This study was to explore socio-cultural background of the dark tourism in contemporary risk society and classify the types of dark tourism. Review of related literature showed that the term of ‘dark tourism’ was first coined by Foley & Lennon (1996a) in a special issue of the international Journal of Heritage Studies and, subsequently, it became the title of a book. Literature review also suggested that dark tourism posit questions or introduce anxiety and doubt about modernity and that it was affected by mass communication media. Based on Sharpley(2005), four different types of dark tourism(i.e., pale tourism, grey tourism supply, grey tourism demand, black tourism) were also presented. Finally, future research direction on dark tourism were discussed. 위험사회 속에서 관광의 역할은 무엇이고, 어떤 의미가 있는가? 위험사회에서 관광의 변화양상은 어떠할 것인가? 이 글은 이러한 문제에 대한 탐색이다. 위험사회에서 관광의 변화는 두 가지 방향으로 이루어질 것이다. 하나는 인간의 삶이 기반하고 있는 자연에 대한 새로운 인식과 각성을 통해 자연관광이 재조명될 것이다. 생태관광, 녹색관광, 지속가능한 관광 등 자연친화적인 관광이 각광을 받게 된다는 것이다. 다른 하나는 관광에 있어 위험이 상품화된다는 점이다. 가령 ‘위험의 장소’가 새로운 관광목적지로 부상하게 된다는 것이다. 이는 후기 자본주의의 이윤추구의 산물이자, 인간의 죽음을 상품화하는 것이다. 바로 다크 투어리즘, 다른 말로 하면 다크 투어리즘의 부상을 들 수 있다. 다크 투어리즘이란 폴리와 레논에 의하여 1996년 그 개념이 정립된 관광현상으로, 죽음이나 재난과 관련된 위험발생 지역을 방문하는 관광행위를 의미한다. 그러나 그러한 여행 행위는 이미 오래 전부터, 즉 중세시대에서부터 근대사회 이르기까지 지속적으로 있었던 것이다. 타나톱시스를 위한 ‘순례여행’이나 죽음의 상품화라고 하는 ‘블랙 스팟’(black spot)의 형태로 계속 존재해 온 것이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 다크 투어리즘의 유형은 재난이나 죽음과 관련된 위험발생지역을 방문하는 사람들의 동기, 죽음이나 재난과 관련된 관광매력물들이 위치하고 있는 장소, 그리고 위험발생지역에 대한 수요와 공급 형태에 의하여 분류된다.

문화관광의 개념적 범위에 관한 고찰 : 관광과 문화의 관계를 중심으로

한숙영,엄서호 한국문화관광학회 2004 문화관광연구 Vol.6 No.1

The characteristic of cultural tourism has been changed since the seventeenth century based on relationship between tourism and culture. The origin of cultural tourism is usually attributed the Grand Tour, which originated in Britain in the seventeenth century. Most of the early Grand Tourist were aristocrats for whom a trip to continental Europe was often a coda to classical education. During Romanticism, the pattern of Grand tour changed form the "Classical Grand Tour" which concentrated on the culture of the ancient classical world and Renaissance, to the "Romantic Grand Tour," with more attention devoted to romantic views of urban and rural scenery. In the aftermath, cultural motive of tourism continued to be heritage tourism focused on museums, monuments, historical sits and so on. Cultural tourism can be explained as a consequence of wider social and economic trends which mark either the period of `late modernism' or `postmodernism.' Important elements of these trends which relate to the development of cultural tourism include de-differentiation between perviously separate social and economic spheres, antiauratic phenomenon between high culture and popular culture. An important consequence of these changes is that tourism and culture are to be the same sphere.

Pine과 Gilmore의 체험영역 모델에 관한 검증 :한산모시축제 체험활동 참가자 만족을 중심으로

한숙영,엄서호 한국관광학회 2005 관광학연구 Vol.29 No.2

Earlier, Pine and Gilmore developed the model of experience realms: ‘entertainment’, The richest experience encompasses aspects of all four realms, ‘sweet spot’. This article examines the existence of experience realms and ‘sweet spot’ in Korea Festival. To analyze the relationship between such experience realms and participants’ satisfaction on site, a field experiment was conducted at Hansan Ramie Festival in Korea using Pine- Gilmore’s model. Using ANOVA and multi-regression analysis, authors, contrary to Pine - Gilmore’s thesis, found out that (1) there were no realms of ‘escape’ and ‘sweet spot’ at Ramie Festival, that (2) the realm of ‘entertainment’, which provided the participants with the richest satisfaction in all four experiential activities, was observed to be an omnipresent realm of an experience, and that (3) the program in which visitors participated with low involvement was not recognized as an experiential activity.

유산관광지에서의 현장체험 속성에 관한 연구 - 수원 화성행궁 체험프로그램을 중심으로 -

한숙영 대한관광경영학회 2005 觀光硏究 Vol.20 No.2

유산과 유산관광의 개념에 관하여: 문헌 연구를 중심으로

한숙영,김사헌 한국관광학회 2007 관광학연구 Vol.31 No.3

While heritage and heritage tourism had received considerable attention since late 1980s in Europe, some attention has been paid to this kind of tourism in more recent years in Korea. It is not infrequent to find the concept and definition of heritage and heritage tourism misused and abused in Korea due to a lack of theoretical contribution in this field. In cope with this situation, this study aims to probe into the concept and definition of heritage and heritage tourism. Heritage is a contemporary commodity not only related to history or past but also purposefully created to satisfy contemporary consumption. There are two main approaches to address the question of what heritage tourism is. The first approach emphasizes the presence of the individual in space exhibiting historic artifacts or at location classified as heritage sites. The second approach stresses the link between the individual and the heritage presented; that is the perception of the site in relation to the individual’s own heritage. 핵심용어(Key words):유산(heritage), 유산관광(heritage tourism), 문화관광(cultural tourism), 개인적 경험(personal experiences)

문화유산관광지에서의 무작위 현장실험을 통한 문화관광해설사 해설서비스의 효과 검증 - 관광객 방문 만족을 중심으로 -

한숙영,전민지 동북아관광학회 2017 동북아관광연구 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 문화관광해설사의 해설서비스가 관광객 방문 만족에 미치는 순수한 인과효과를 살펴보고, 문화관광해설사 제도의 정책적 시사점을 제시하기 위하여 시행되었다. 이를 위하여 충남 부여의 주요 관광지인 부소산성, 정림사지 박물관, 궁남지, 무량사 관광객들을 해설서비스를 이용하는 집단과 이용하지 않는 집단으로 무작위 배정하는 현장실험을 시행하였다. 분석방법으로는, 무작위 현장실험 계획에 순응하지 않고다른 집단에 속한 연구대상자들까지 고려한 도구변수 추정법이 사용되었다. 그 결과, 문화관광해설사의 해설서비스가 관광객 방문 만족에 통계적으로 유의한 긍정적인 영향을 미친다고 하는 기존의 연구결과와는 다르게, 문화관광해설사의 해설서비스는 관광객 방문 만족에 긍정적인 효과를 보이고 있으나, 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로나타났다. 이는 문화관광해설사의 해설서비스의 개선과 관리가 필요하다는 것을 의미하는 것으로 해석되었다. 따라서 그 해결책으로 첫째, 문화관광해설사 자격의 재평가와 관리시스템 도입, 둘째, 문화관광해설사 자격제도와 성과관리의 연계, 셋째, 문화관광해설사 자격제도와 전문성 개발 연계의 필요성 등을 제시하였다. The study aims to examine the causal relationship between interpretation services of cultural tourism commentators and visitor satisfaction through random field experiments at cultural heritage sites and to implicate policy suggestions for the cultural tourism commentary system. The survey sites were Busosanseong Fortress, Jeongnimsaju Museum, Gungnamji Pond, and Muryangsa Temple in Buyeo, Chungcheongnam-do. A random field experiment which placed the tourists in groups that received the interpretation services was carried out. The instrument variables method was used considering the groups were not compliant with the field experiment plan. As a result, unlike the previous research results, the interpretation service of cultural tourism commentators did not have a significant effect on tourist satisfaction at cultural heritage sites. The study suggested policies for the cultural tourism commentary system as the following: first; revaluation of qualification of cultural tourism commentators and the introduction of a management system, second; linking a culture tourism commentary qualification system and performance management, last; linking a cultural tourism commentator qualification system and professional development.

연구논문 : 유산관광지에서의 현장체험 속성에 관한 연구 : 수원 화성행궁 체험프로그램을 중심으로

한숙영,엄서호 대한관광경영학회 2005 觀光硏究 Vol.20 No.2

이진탕(二陳湯)이 정상 및 위 유문부가 부분폐색된 흰 쥐의 위 운동성에 미치는 효과

한숙영,윤상협,Han, Soak-Young,Yoon, Sang-Hyub 대한한방내과학회 2009 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Objectives : This study was aimed to investigated the effect of Yijin-tang on gastric motility and its mechanism of action in normal intact and partial pyloric obstructed rats. Methods : Gastric emptying was measured by the number of glass beads expelled from the stomach (containing one hundred of glass beads. ${\phi}1mm$) in 1 hour or 2 hours after glass beads and test drugs (normal saline. Yijin-tang 90mg/kg. Yijin-tang 270mg/kg) administration in normal intact and partial pyloric obstructed rats. In another series of experiments to evaluate the mechanism of Yijin-tang 270mg/kg under delayed conditions, normal intact rats were treated with atropine sulfate (1mg/kg,s.c.), cisplatin (10mg/kg,i.p.), quinpirole HCI (0.3mg/kg,i.p.) and NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. 75mg/ kg,s.c.), respectively. Partial pyloric obstructed rats were modified by wrapping the nonabsorbable rubber ring (D :6mm, W:4mm, T: 1mm) around the 1st portion of the duodenum for 8 weeks. The myoelectrical activity of the gastric smooth muscle was recorded by a bipolar electrode placed at the abdominal surface in normal intact and partial pyloric obstructed rats. The gastric myoelectrical activity was measured for 30 minutes before and after orogastric administration of each solution (normal saline, Yijin-tang 270mg/kg) and expressed as dominant frequency, percent of normogastria and power ratio. Results : Yijin-tang improved gastric emptying more than normal saline in normal intact(p<0.001) and partial pyloric obstructed rats(p=0.002). Under the delayed gastric emptying induced by atropine sulfate, cisplatin, quinpirole HCI and NAME. Yijin-tang enhanced gastric emptying significantly in the cisplatin treated group(p<0.001). but didn't in other treated groups. Administration of Yijin-tang 270mg/kg has no significant effect on the myoelectrical activity of the gastric smooth muscle in both normal intact rats and partial pyloric obstructed rats. Conclusions : Yijin-tang seems to stimulate the gastric motility through suppressing the 5HT3 receptor and promoting the antroduodenal flow. We expect that Yijin-tang would be effective especially in dysmotility-like functional dyspepsia with partial pyloric obstruction or the side effects of cisplatin such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, and delay of gastric emptying.

현장체험특성이 역사유적지 방문객 재방문 의사에 미치는 영향 : 수원 화성 행궁 체험 프로그램을 중심으로

한숙영,엄서호 경기대학교 화성학연구소 2006 화성학연구 Vol.- No.2

원-엔화 환율 변동에 따른 방한 일본 관광 수요 예측

한숙영,박상곤 한국호텔관광학회 2008 호텔관광연구 Vol.10 No.1

Generally, it has been found that exchange rate may have significant effects on the extent of international travel. In addition, it has been also found that exchange rate elasticities vary widely from time to time as well as from country to country. In other words, exchange rate volatility may have no effect on international tourism demand according to countries and times. This study is to investigate effects of the exchange rate on Japanese tourist inflow into Korea from 2001-2007. For this purpose, this study, first of all, investigates relationship between exchange rate and Japanese inflow into Korea from 2001 to 2003 and from 2004 to 2007 separately using cross correlation coefficient As a result, exchange rate volatility has an effect on Japanese tourist inflow from 2004 to 207 whereas exchange rate has no influence on Japanese tourist inflow from 2001 to 2003.Then, this study examines the exchange rate elasticity to Japanese tourist inflow into Korea from 2004 to 2007 using autoregressive model. In consequence, it has been found that the exchange elasticity is 1.29, suggesting high degree of responsiveness of Japanese tourist inflow into Korea. However, it is hard to control exchange rate volatility because it is seriously affected by erogenous variables, such as economic and political factors. Therefore, to sustain tourist inflow into Korea, it is necessary to make every effort to diversity the tourism markets.