인공신경망을 이용한 터널구간의 암반분류 예측

한명식,양인재,김광명,Han, Myung-Sik,Yang, In-Jae,Kim, Kwang-Myung 한국터널지하공간학회 2002 터널기술 Vol.4 No.4

터널을 설계함에 있어서 굴착방법이나 지보패턴을 결정할 때 어려움을 겪는 주된 요인은 현지 지반에 작용하는 응력조건 및 암반상태를 정확히 파악하는데 한계가 있기 때문이다. 현장 장비의 제약, 터널을 굴착 위치까지 접근성이 난이함 등의 기술적인 제약뿐만 아니라 최근에는 민원이나 각종 인허가 등으로 더욱 많은 제약요건이 존재한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 최근들어 대안설계나 턴키설계를 통하여 직접적인 시추에 의존하지 않더라도 미지의 산악터널구간에 대한 지반정보를 획득할 수 있는 고급화된 물리탐사기술이 눈부시게 발전하는 추세이며 이를 통하여 터널굴착구간의 암반에 대한 직 간접적인 지반정보를 입수할 수 있다. 인공신경망 (ANN)의 장점은 이러한 적은 양의 지반정보와 생물학적인 로직화 과정을 통하여 입력변수에 대한 보다 신뢰성있는 결과를 제공하여 준다는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 미지의 터널굴착구간에 대한 예비 지반정보를 입력항목으로 하여 인공신경망의 오류역전파 학습알고리즘기법에 의하여 학습된 패턴을 가지고 미지의 터널굴착구간에 대한 예비 암반분류 (RMR)를 수행하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 이를 위하여 연장 4km에 달하는 ${\triangle}{\triangle}$터널현장에 대한 인공신경망 모형적용시 입력자료에 대한 적정성을 사전 평가하였고, 그 이후에 물리탐사자료를 입력변수로 활용하여 미지의 터널구간에 대한 RMR을 예측하였다. 그 결과 자료의 일치성이나 예측 RMR에 대한 신뢰도가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 향후에는 학습효과를 높이기 위한 입력변수의 민감도 분석 (sensitivity analysis)수행 및 모델과정에서 노출된 몇가지 문제점 보완등을 통하여 설계에 적극적으로 활용하고자 한다. Most of the problems in dealing with the tunnel construction are the uncertainties and complexities of the stress conditions and rock strengths in ahead of the tunnel excavation. The limitations on the investigation technology, inaccessibility of borehole test in mountain area and public hatred also restrict our knowledge on the geologic conditions on the mountainous tunneling area. Nevertheless an extensive and superior geophysical exploration data is possibly acquired deep within the mountain area, with up to the tunnel locations in the case of alternative design or turn-key base projects. An appealing claim in the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) is that they give a more trustworthy results on our data based on identifying relevant input variables such as a little geotechnical information and biological learning principles. In this study, error back-propagation algorithm that is one of the teaching techniques of ANN is applied to presupposition on Rock Mass Ratings (RMR) for unknown tunnel area. In order to verify the applicability of this model, a 4km railway tunnel's field data are verified and used as input parameters for the prediction of RMR, with the learned pattern by error back propagation logics. ANN is one of basic methods in solving the geotechnical uncertainties and helpful in solving the problems with data consistency, but needs some modification on the technical problems and we hope our study to be developed in the future design work.

실내모형시험을 통한 연약지반의 쉴드 TBM 터널굴착 모사

한명식,김영준,신일재,이용주,신용석,김상환,Han, Myeong-Sik,Kim, Young-Joon,Shin, Il-Jae,Lee, Yong-Joo,Shin, Yong-Suk,Kim, Sang-Hwan 한국터널지하공간학회 2013 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.15 No.5

This paper presents the shield TBM technology in soft ground tunnelling. In order to perform this study, a scale model test was carried out using the developed small scaled shield TBM machine. The various instrumentations were conducted during the simulation of tunnelling. In addition, the ground behavior due to the shield TBM operation parameters was measured during the simulation. Based on the simulation results, the stability of the ground was evaluated and the fundamental shield TBM tunnelling technique in the soft ground was suggested. In conclusion, design's reliability through laboratory small scale model test about Shield-TBM section was obtained, and both the improvement plan for safety during construction and the construction plan for securing airport runway's safety during tunnel passing by Shield-TBM propulsion were suggested. 본 논문에서는 연약지반에 건설되는 Shield TBM 터널의 시공기술을 제시하였다. 이 연구를 수행하기 위하여 Shield TBM 장비를 축소 제작하여 축소모형 시험을 수행하였으며, 쉴드터널 굴착을 모사하기 위하여 다양한 장비들이 적용되었다. 또한 축소모형시험 중 Shield TBM 장비로 인해 발생되는 지반의 거동을 계측하였으며, 지반의 안정성은 시뮬레이션 결과를 토대로 평가하였다. 이를 바탕으로 쉴드터널의 안전한 시공을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 결론적으로 Shield-TBM 구간에 대한 실내축소모형시험을 통하여 설계의 신뢰성을 확보하고, 시공 시 안전을 위한 개선사항 등과 특히, Shield TBM 추진시 쉴드터널이 통과하는 공항 활주로의 안정성을 확보하기 위한 시공방안을 제시하고자 한다.

고속철도 분기기 설치구간 대단면터널 설계사례

한명식,안경철,김명훈,윤철희,Han, Myeong-Sik,An, Gyeong-Cheol,Kim, Myeong-Hun,Yun, Cheol-Hui 한국터널지하공간학회 2008 자연, 터널 그리고 지하공간 Vol.10 No.2

개벽, 개척 그리고 개발을 꿈꾸는 (주)태조엔지니어링

한명식,Han, Myeong-Sik 한국터널지하공간학회 2005 자연, 터널 그리고 지하공간 Vol.7 No.4

쉴드 TBM 터널 굴착시 지표침하에 관한 신뢰성해석

한명식,조국환,Han, Myeong-Sik,Cho, Kuk-Hwan 한국터널지하공간학회 2016 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.18 No.3

본 연구에서는 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$국제공항 제2여객터미널 연결 철도 건설공사 기본설계 중 쉴드 TBM 터널 굴착 시 Gap parameter와 관련된 지반물성치의 불확실성을 평가하고, 지표침하에 대한 신뢰성해석을 수행함으로써 쉴드 TBM 설계의 적절성을 평가하고자 한다. 또한 Gap parameter에 이용되는 설계정수의 신뢰도지수 및 파괴확률에 대한 민감도를 분석함으로써, 지표침하에 큰 영향을 미치는 설계정수를 평가함으로써 최적의 설계를 수행하는데 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. This study is to evaluate the uncertainty of the soil parameters associated with the Gap parameter during shield TBM tunnel excavation of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ International Airport Terminal 2 connecting railway construction basic design. And This study is to evaluate the adequacy of the shield TBM design by performing a reliability analysis of the Surface settlement. In addition, By analyzing the reliability indices of the design constants and Sensitivity probability of failure to be used in designing an integer parameter Gap, and By evaluating the design constants of a great influence on the surface subsidence, it was to provide a basis for carrying out an optimum design.

바로크 건축과 미술에 표현된 공간의 심연성 연구

한명식(Han, Myoung-Sik) 한국실내디자인학회 2012 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.21 No.1

Eugenio D’Ors, the writer of ‘Lo Barroco’ called Baroque in the 17th century as the ultimate nostalgia of humanity we can see anywhere, and when our exclusive mental state, classic consciousness, is weakened, countless things within self get to be expressed without limitation. He defines this as Baroque ego. In other words, the abyss of a being is expressed within self, and it gets to come into the abyss of art and be settled in it. Thereupon, this study focuses on the characteristics of such effects of abyss expressed in Baroque art to amplify the depth of space in art and architecture and also its productive effects and considers in what types the abyss gets to be expressed in art and architecture. As a result, it shows nonlinear characteristics whose outline of the model and structural body is invisible, depth resulted from overlapping, unity from formal repetition, and temporal continuity from movement. In other words, formative elements which extend the unit area of space conceptually can be summed up by nonlinearity, overlapping, unity, and movement. Also, in art and architecture, this accelerates men’s emotional functions and at the same time, has productive effects to extend space visually. Baroque abyss can be seen as a proper solution to overcome problems which modern architecture implies ultimately, that is, the limitations of area definition.

Black Silk, Polyglycolic Acid 및 Nylon을 이용한 미세동맥 문합의 인장강도 및 조직병리학적 소견에 대한 비교 연구

한명식(Myung-Sik Han),김진복(Jin-Pok Kim) 대한외과학회 1984 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.26 No.6

뉴욕5건축과 바로크건축에 나타난 공간특성에 관한 연구

한명식(Han, Myoung-Sik) 한국실내디자인학회 2005 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.14 No.2

구아리노 구아리니 건축에 나타난 기하학적 표현에 관한 연구

한명식(Han, Myoung-Sik) 한국실내디자인학회 2005 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.14 No.3

리처드 마이어 건축에 표현된 바로크적 특성 연구

한명식(Han, Myoung-Sik) 한국실내디자인학회 2013 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.22 No.3

Baroque is fundamentally in contrast with renaissance style classicism, which attempted to fix a world view itself as the value of perpetuity. Furthermore, it is interpreted as a topic of incompletion or transformation that is not defined or is not exemplary and which may be enjoyed by people in the classical life, which requires a microscopic concept in contrast with dualism, the central axis of western civilization, namely, rational lucidity. Also, such characteristics are estimated to serve as a lubricant in life while going beyond the formal aesthetic level of art even from a contemporary perspective, and to play a productive role and to have potential. Consequently, this paper assumed that the concepts expressed by the 20th century US contemporary architect Richard Meier of a complex space, namely architectural formative vocabularies such as overlapping, interpenetration, collision, and collage style mixture created by a layered structure, in his architecture are in common with the double surface technique and juxtaposition of a flat structure of Baroque architecture. Then, the paper analyzed and considered the characteristics. The paper considered the following two issues: Such Baroque style formal principle is reinterpreted against a backdrop in which his architectural flow based on the domino theory of Le Corbusier became established as his own unique architectural feature, and it may be proposed as one big flow that enables us to seek again modernistic architecture that attempts to make an architectural space absolute as an atypical formal contour.