저성선자극호르몬 성선저하증 (Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism)으로 진단된 남성불임 환자에서 성선자극호르몬 (Gonadotropin) 치료가 정자형성 및 임신에 미치는 영향

주영민,김태홍,서주태,Joo, Young-Min,Kim, Tae-Hong,Seo, Ju-Tae 대한생식의학회 2009 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.36 No.3

목 적: 저성선자극호르몬 성선저하증은 남성불임의 흔치 않은 원인이다. 저자들은 성선자극호르몬 특히 인간융 모성선자극호르몬 (Human chorioinc gonadotropin: hCG)/인간폐경성선자극호르몬 (Human menopausal gonadotropin: hMG) 치료가 정자형성 및 임신에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 연구방법: 2001년 11월부터 2007년 3월까지 불임을 주소로 내원하여 저성선자극호르몬 성선저하증으로 진단되어 성선자극호르몬 (hCG/hMG) 치료를 받은 10명의 진료 기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 치료 후 임신 여부를 알아보았으며, 치료 전 고환의 용적에 따라 10 cc 미만인 군 (n=4)과 10 cc 이상인 군 (n=6)으로 나누어 치료 전후의 정액지표와 혈중 FSH, LH 및 testosterone 등의 호르몬 검사를 시행하여 비교하였다. 결 과: 10명의 환자 중 7명 (70%)에서 임신에 성공하였으며 치료 후 혈중 FSH, testosterone 수치가 의미있게 증가하였다. 고환 용적이 큰 군에서 치료 후 정액량, 정자수, 운동성 및 testosterone이 유의하게 증가하였다. 결 론: 불임을 주소로 온 환자에게 흔치는 않지만 면밀한 검사를 통해 저성선자극호르몬 성선저하증을 진단할 수 있어야 하며, hCG/hMG 병합요법은 자연임신 뿐만 아니라 최근의 보조생식술과 연계하여 충분히 성공적인 치료에 도달할 수 있다. Objective: Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is an uncommon cause of male infertility. We investigated the outcome of gonadotropin therapy for restoring fertility and pregnancy outcomes in patients with HH. Methods: Medical charts of 10 infertile male patients with HH treated with gonadotropin were reviewed. Initial testicular volume were estimated. Semen analysis parameters (semen volume, sperm counts, motility), serum leutenizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone were determined before and after human chorionic gonadotropin/human menopausal gonadotropin (hCG/hMG) treatment. Differences were analyzed statistically. Results: Of 10 patients, 7 (70%) succeed at pregnancy (nature pregnancy in 4). Semen analysis parameters, serum FSH, and testosterone were increased significantly after treatment. The population was stratified according to initial testicular volume into a small testis subset (testicular volume less than 10 cc in 4) and a large testis subset (testicular volume 10 cc or greater in 6). Semen analysis parameters and serum testosterone were increased significantly after treatment in large testis subset. Conclusion: Infertile men with HH initiate and maintain spermatogenesis with gonadotropin (hCG/hMG alone or combined) therapy, thus gonadotropin therapy is good choice in infertile men with HH.

本のホテル業におけるチェーン化の決定要因に關する硏究

周永敏(Joo Young-Min) 한국관광레저학회 2008 관광레저연구 Vol.20 No.1

데이터 공학 : eMRA: MDR의 개념간 관계성을 고려한 MRA 확장

주영민 ( Young Min Joo ),김장원 ( Jang Won Kim ),정동원 ( Dong Won Jeong ),백두권 ( Doo Kwon Baik ) 한국정보처리학회 2013 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.2 No.3

Metadata registry (MDR) is the international standard, developed by ISO/IEC for exchange and sharing data between databases. Many MDR systems are used in diverse domains such as medical service, bibliography, environment for sharing and integrating data. However, those systems have different physical structures individually because the MDR standard defines only the metamodel for registering and storing metadata. It causes heterogeneity between the system structures and requires additional cost to maintain interoperability. ISO/IEC 13249-8 Metadata Registry Access (MRA) is developing as an international standard to provide a consistent access facility to data stored in different metadata registries. However, MRA does not consider the relationships between the concepts (classes) defined in the MDR specification. It causes that incorrect query results returned from MDR systems. It also requires additional cost of modeling and rewriting queries to reflect each physical model. Therefore, this paper suggests eMRA which considers the relationships between the concepts in MDR. The comparative evaluations are described to show the advantages of eMRA. eMRA has superior performance in query modeling and referential integrity than MRA defined by the relationship between the concept of MDR.

농촌관광마을사업에 대한 관광영향 지각 및 갈등이 주민참여에 미치는 영향

주영민 ( Young Min Joo ),박덕병 ( Duk Byeong Park ) 한국농촌지도학회 2008 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of residents` perceptions of tourism impact and conflicts on residents` participation in rural tourism village. Method of analysis involves factor analysis and regression analysis in this study. In order to measure the level of perception, three factors(economic benefits, social benefits, social and environmental cost) are derived from the factor analysis. And also in order to measure the level of conflict, two factor(openness of information, leading of operation) are derive from the factor analysis. The result of regression analysis indicate that perceived economic benefits and social benefits are rather greater impacts on residents` participation than social and environmental cost, and also openness of information is rather greater impacts on residents` participation than leading of operation.

창녕 말흘리고려시대 건물지의 성격에 관한 연구

주영민(Joo, YoungMin) 한국상고사학회 2009 한국상고사학보 Vol.65 No.-

본고에서는 별서건축과 사찰건축으로 상반된 의견을 보이고 있는 말흘리건물지의 성격을 밝히기 위해 발굴조사된 건물지를 A, B지역으로 나누어 개별건물지의 평면구조를 검토해보았다. 검토결과 건물지에서 난방용으로 온돌을 사용한 것과 벽을 설치한 것, 그리고 마루와 방이 연접하여 설치된 것을 알 수 있었으며, 이와 관련하여 그간의 연구와 다른 사실이 확인되었다. 온돌의 사용과 전파에 관한 그간의 문헌 중심의 연구 성과에 의하면 13세기 전기에 개경을 중심으로 중상류층의 기거처에 온돌 사용이 보편화되고 곉末에 한반도 남부지방으로 확산된 것으로 보고 있다. 그러나 중심연대가 12세기 중반에서 13세기 초기인 한반도 남부지방에 위치한 말흘리건물지에서 온돌이 보편적으로 사용된 것으로 보아 온돌의 지방 전파시기에 대한 물적 증거를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 實證遺構없이 문헌자료를 근간으로 마루와 방이 연접하여 설치된 시기를 13세기 代로 추정하던 그간의 연구와는 달리, 말흘리건물지의 조사로 마루와 방이 연접된 시기를 12세기 중기까지 볼 수 있는 근거를 마련했다. 다음으로 말흘리건물지의 주거평면을 문헌자료와 비교하여 살펴본 결과 지방사회의 지배계층의 주택이 사원과는 달리 方池型의 연못을 중심으로 亭과 堂등의 건물이 배치된 별서와 담장을 두룬 ㅁ자형 형태의 살림집으로 구성된 것을 확인하였다. 또한 별서의 위치가 살림집과 멀리 떨어진 지역에 위치하지 않고 지척지간에 위치하며, 당대 별서건축이 도시를 지척에 두고 조영되고 있었던 사실을 확인 할 수 있었다. 말흘리건물지를 조영하고 경영하였던 계층에 대해선, 이시기 별서건축이 지방으로 전파되지 못하고 주로 개경과 근기를 중심으로 이루어진 것과, 지방사회의 지배계층이 墓域施設墳墓를 차용하여 사용한 점을 근거로 지방사회의 지배계층인 중류층들로 추정된다. 아울러 말흘리건물지의 유력한 조영ㆍ경영세력으로서 창녕읍으로부터 2.5km 이격된 묘역시설분묘를 차용한 왕거민묘군Ⅱ –1의 조영세력이 주목된다. 이상과 같이 말흘리건물지는 중앙의 주거문화를 차용한 지방세력이 건립한 건축물로서, 實證遺構의 부재로 그 실체가 모호하던 지배층의 주거문화를 알 수 있는 귀중한 자료다. This study examined plane structures of individual sites, dividing the excavated sites into A and B areas, in order to identify the nature of the Malheuli over which researchers have been divided into two groups with opposite views– sites for Byeol– Seo, or a villa which have designed for leisure, retire, recreation, and entertaining guests and those for temple. As a result, we found from the sites that Ondol, Korean underfloor heating system was used, walls were built, and adjacent construction of wooden floors and rooms, and there were different findings from the previous studies. Existing history studies on the use and spread of Ondol indicated that Ondol was widely used for residence buildings for middle and upper class centering on Gaegyeong in the early 13th century and began to be spread to southern part of the Korean peninsula around the end of the Goryoe dynasty. However, the finding that Ondol was commonly used at the Malheuli sites in southern part of the peninsula during the period mainly from the mid 12th century to the early 13th century provides a possibility about time when Ondol began to be spread to southern regions. In addition, unlike the studies so far which assumed from literatures without site evidence that it was around the 13th century that wooden floors and rooms began to be built adjacently, the study has laid foundation for dating back up to the mid 12th century when they began to be adjacently built, from the findings about the Malheuli sites. Besides, comparison of housing plane structures of the Malheuli sites with related literatures has revealed that unlike a temple, houses of local governing class consisted of a Beolseo(Villa) having a pavilion and a house, centering around a Bangji– type pond and a ㅁ(Mium)– type resident building surrounded by a fence. In addition, Beolseo(Villa) was not far from the resident building, but very close to it, and Beolseo(Villa) buildings of the time were located near cities. In regards to the class that designed and managed the Malheuli sites are thought to be the middle class as local governing class, from the fact that Beolseo(Villa) construction in this period was not spread to other areas, but concentrated around Gaegyeong and Geungi and that local governing class borrowed graveyard facilities. Furthermore, the study pays attention to the party that designed Wanggeominmyogun II– 1 which borrowed graveyard facilities, 2.5 km away from Changnyeong– eup as the most probable designing and managing party of the Malheuli sites. As summarized so far, the Malheuli sites built by local powers based on housing culture borrowed from the capital are considered as precious historical relics to give a hint on living culture of governing class of which real nature was unclear due to the absence of site evidence.

오라클을 이용한 ISO/IEC 13249-8 구현

주영민(Young-min Joo),이석훈(Sukhoon Lee),김장원(Jangwon Kim),정동원(Dongwon Jeong),백두권(Doo-Kwon Baik) 한국정보과학회 2011 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.38 No.1A

국제 표준 ISO/IEC 11179는 메타데이터를 등록하고 관리하기 위한 메타데이터 레지스트리 표준으로서 메타데이터의 공유 및 재사용으로 인하여 시스템 간 상호운용성을 보장한다. 이러한 특성 때문에 현재 많은 나라에서 메타데이터 레지스트리들이 구축되어 있다. 그러나 이러한 메타데이터 레지스트리들은 국제표준을 기반하고 있음에도 불구하고 메타데이터 레지스트리에 접근하기 위한 표준 인터페이스의 부재로 인해 사용자가 상이한 메타데이터 레지스트리에 접근할 때 각각 다른 접근 방법을 사용해야 한다는 불편함이 야기된다. 이러한 문제의 해결을 위하여 국제 표준 ISO/IEC 13249-8 MRA(Metadata Registry Access)가 제안되었다. 이 논문에서는 국제 표준으로 제정중인 MRA에 기반하여 메타데이터 레지스트리에 접근하기 위한 인터페이스를 개발한다. SQL 표준에 있는 사용자 정의 타입을 오라클 환경에서 사용하여 메타데이터 레지스트리를 물리적으로 구축하고 메타데이터 레지스트리에 접근하는 멤버함수를 정의한다. 마지막으로, 메타데이터 레지스트리에 접근하기 위한 MRA 인터페이스를 검증하고 평가한다. 사용자는 이러한 인터페이스를 사용하여 서로 상이한 메타데이터 레지스트리들에 효과적으로 접근할 수 있다.

북해도고락가(北海道苦樂歌)를 통해본 강제동원

주영민 ( Joo Young-min ) 역사교육학회 2017 역사교육논집 Vol.64 No.-

There are two pieces of Bukhae-do Gorak-ga that we have found so far, and they were written by two rural youths of Chosun. They were compulsorily mobilized from Gyeongbuk Yecheon-gun. In Chosun society degraded as a colony of the Japanese Empire, Japanese empire were forced not to speak or write korean. They could describe their own experience with Hangeul using gasache at that time was because of the fact that the community of Yecheon did sing gasa widely and those from the region tried to transmit the custom even in a far foreign land. Therefore, there should be a great possibility that such type of gasa may be discovered around Yecheon-gun newly afterwards. With the two pieces of gasa in which the individuals` experience is plainly depicted, we can find how the recruiters dispatched from Japan collected coal mine laborers. The recruiters targeting youths in the farm villages of colonized Chosun falling behind did not only arouse their pride as a Hwangguk Sinmin but also deceived them saying agreeing on the mobilization would be a chance to encounter new products of civilization. In this process, it appeared to be a form of mobilization outside, but even the terminal civic units of the colonial government did support it aggressively. This researcher has found how Chosun laborers were transferred from Yecheon-gun to Oyubari Mining Station in Hokkaido in detail including the paths and transportations used. What is noticeable here is that in 1940`s, they were allowed to see their family or do any personal deeds they wanted to do freely while being transferred; however, in 1943, they was not even allowed to know the routing under the supervision of colonial bureaucrats. The number of Chosun people mobilized as coal mining laborers increased gradually, but the labor environment and dwelling conditions got even worse, so a lot of Chosun laborers died or got injured or tried to escape from it. In addition to that, inside the coal mine, management or supervision over Chosun laborers was committed by the company itself, and they treated the laborers cruelly just as they wished; therefore, it means that the company, also, should not be free from the blame like the Japanese government.

호텔 레스토랑의 고객경험가치에 따른 세분화 연구

주영민(Joo, Young-Min),여경진(Yeo, Kyong-Jin),김완수(Kim, Wan-Soo) 한국외식산업학회 2014 한국외식산업학회지 Vol.10 No.2

고려시대지배층분묘연구(高麗時代支配層墳墓硏究) -9~16세기묘역시설분묘(世紀墓域施設墳墓)를 중심(中心)으로-

주영민 ( Joo Young Min ) 부경역사연구소 2005 지역과 역사 Vol.- No.17

Although organization and structure of graves of public servants hold explanation to understanding the culture of the ruling class, little studies pertaining to the said topic have been conducted, and have not been concretely discussed even in philological studies of history of Goryeo that have been conducted in the past. Archeological studies also lack sufficient data on graves of the medieval age resulting in the inability to conduct a systematic study. However, the recent increase in the level of interest in medieval history of Korea also heightened interests in the graveyard remains that whose construction period was similar to each other, leading to a gradual increase of researchers in the said topic. In this study, the following deductions were made through analysis of graves of public servants distributed in the southern region of Korea. First, graves of public servants are surrounded by rectangular stone circles and their graveyard facilities are separately established. Graveyard formation is varied according to the grade of official rank, and the construction of the gravesite consists of the actual grave and the grave forefront. Second, graveyard facilities that appear to be those of public servants of the 12th century have been discovered around the region of Gaegyeong and surrounding vicinity and therefore, it is unreasonable to assume that these graves all belong to public servants. Consequently, graveyard facilities also include graves of locals. Third, graves of public servants are constructed on a hillock within 100meters above sea level. Few graves are built alone with majority forming gravesites of graves belonging to the family or relatives. The formation of gravesites of the 12th century do not appear to have had a fixed pattern or general rule of construction, however, construction pattern of graves within the gravesite take on a regular pattern entering Yeomalsuncho (period from the end of Goryeo Dynasty to the beginning of Joseon Dynasty). Fourth, graves of public servants are classified as type I and II based on its worshippers, and their transformations are closely related to changes in the repair of the graves under reign of Gyeongjong(reg. 1) and Munjong(reg. 37) during Goryeo Dynasty and under reign of Taejong(reg. 4 & 18) during Joseon Dynasty. Graves of public servants transformed through three significant stages. Stage 1 took place in year 976 under reign of Gyeongjong(reg. 1) during Goryeo Dynasty. The first grave repair was initiated but because it was not completed, types I and II-A were introduced. Stage 2 of changes took places from reign of Munjong(reg. 37) during Goryeo Dynasty to reign of Taejong(reg. 4) of Joseon Dynasty during which enactment of grave repair typical of Goryeo dynasty was established, and marked the appearance of graves of public servants that are representative of type II-B. During this period, due to the unstable construction pattern of graves of the 12th century, a second transitional regulation for graves were carefully examined, and repair of graves of public servants were strictly prohibited. Third stage of change took place under reign of Taejong (reg. 4 & 16) of Joseon Dynasty. In the process of reforming the dynasty and stabilizing the royal authority, the new changes identified differences and status between graves of the royal family and those of public servants, and distinguished the graves of public servants of Joseon dynasty from those of Goryeo Dynasty.

경남지방 묘역시설분묘의 현황과 특징

주영민(Joo, Young-Min) 부산대학교 한국민족문화연구소 2017 한국민족문화 Vol.64 No.-

고려시대에 처음 출현해서 조선으로 계승·발전된 墓域施設墳墓에 대한 연구는 고려에서 조선으로 왕조가 교체되었음에도 큰 변화 없이 전조의 것을 계승하였던 것으로 이해하고 있다. 더욱이 여말선초의 혼란기에 지방에 조영되기 시작한 묘역시설분묘의 성격에 대한 검토 역시 미진한 실정이었다. 이와 관련하여 발굴조사 자료만으로 지방에 조영된 묘역시설분묘의 주인공을 향리로 비정하였지만 명확한 근거는 제시하지 못하였다. 특히 고려와 달리 조선이 성리학을 통치이념으로 내세운 국가였던 점을 고려하면 墳墓步數도 성리학 이념에 맞게 재편되었을 것으로 판단되지만, 종래의 조선시대 분묘연구를 검토해 보면 풍수지리학적 관점과 무덤에 배치된 석물 중심의 연구가 주종을 이루고, 이조차도 서울·경기지역에 치우치고 있어 조선건국과 더불어 여말선초기에 분묘보수가 어떻게 성리학 이념에 맞게 변모되어 갔는지에 대한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 이 글에서는 이러한 의문점을 밝히기 위해서 경남지역을 중심으로 문화재로 지정·관리되고 있는 묘역시설분묘들의 현황과 특징을 도출하고 발굴조사 자료와 비교·검토를 하여보았다. 그 결과 경남지방에서 확인되는 묘역시설분묘의 피장자들은 향리 계층으로 적어도 선대가 고려 말부터 지방의 실권을 장악한 유력가문이었던 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 아울러 지방에 대한 지배력과 경제적 우월성을 근간으로 이들은 지역 내에서 자신들만의 집단묘역인 族墳을 중앙과는 차별화되게 조영하였던 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 아울러 麗末鮮初期를 지나 16세기까지의 묘역시설분묘의 형태 변화와 합장방법의 변화를 추적하여 조영계층의 정치적 이념이 성리학을 근간으로 하고 있었고 그 이념에 부합되게 분묘보수가 재편되었던 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Research on Ruling class grave that first appeared in Goryeo and then became passed down and developed up to Chosun reports that they were handed down without much change from the former from Goryeo to Chosun despite the exchange of dynasties. Besides, research has been hardly conducted on the characteristics of Ruling class grave which began to be constructed in local area during the era of confusion, late Goryeo and early Chosun. Regarding this, research has estimated that Hyangri is the main person buried in Ruling class grave built in local area only with materials obtained through investigation and excavation but failed to present any clear grounds for it. In particular, considering the fact that differently from Goryeo, Chosun was a state that put up Confucianism as its ruling ideology, we can assume that tomb repair should have been reorganized then according to the ideas of Confucianism. Examining advanced research on tombs in Chosun, however, we can see most of it deals with the theory of divination based on topography or stone objects arranged in tombs, and still, this focuses on Seoul․Gyeonggi area too much. In fact, there is little research on how tomb repair came to be transformed after the foundation of Chosun, that is, in late Goryeo and early Chosun according to the ideas of Confucianism. To solve this question, this author has examined the current status and characteristics of Ruling class grave designated and managed as cultural heritages in Gyeongnam and looked into them comparatively with materials obtained through investigation and excavation. As a result, this researcher has learned that the buried in Ruling class grave found in Gyeongnam are Hyangri and their ancestors were from influential family equipped with authority in local area at least from late Goryeo. Furthermore, with their control over the area and economic superiority, they formed their own group graveyard, that is, family graveyard, in the district differently from that located in the center. Moreover, tracing how Ruling class grave changed in terms of their shape and how they buried people together from late Goryeo and early Chosun up to the 16th century, this author has learned that those constructing them were grounded on Sung Confucianism politically and reorganized the method of tomb repair correspondingly to the ideology.